scholarly journals Exploration of antibacterial metabolites producing marine bacteria from Sundarbans, Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Ashish Kumar Sarker ◽  
Md Anwarul Haque ◽  
Mohammad Sayful Islam ◽  
Md Ajijur Rahman ◽  
Md Anwar Ul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Marine Bacteria ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Term Basis ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Marine Soil

To combat the increasing numbers of antibiotic resistant strains of pathogenic bacteria new source of antibacterial agents are desperately needed. This study was aimed to discover new marine bacteria having antibacterial activity from marine soil samples of Sundarbans, Bangladesh. Using starch-casein-nitrate-agar medium thirty nine marine bacteria colonies were isolated as pure isolates from nine marine soil samples. Each of the isolates was preserved in both short term and long term basis. Based on the aerial and substrate mycelia color of the isolates they were grouped into five color series and were screened for their antibacterial activity against a series of test bacteria. Among thirty nine pure isolates twenty four isolates (61.5%) exhibited moderate to high activity against three grampositive and four gram-negative bacteria. This is due to the antibacterial metabolites secreted in the medium by most of the isolates. It suggested that Sundarbans may be an interesting, valuable and potential source for the exploration of novel marine bacteria with the potential to yield useful new antibacterial secondary metabolites of pharmaceutical interest.Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 18(1): 53-60, 2015

scholarly journals Streptomyces: isolation, optimization of culture conditions and extraction of secondary metabolites

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed I. Khattab ◽  
Eltahir H. Babiker ◽  
Humodi A. Saeed
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Physical Culture ◽  
Indicator Organisms ◽  
Streptomyces Spp ◽  
Promising Source ◽  
Soil Sediments

The objectives of this study were to isolate and identify Streptomyces from soil sediments as well as to optimize cultural growth conditions for maximum antibacterial productivity. A total of fifty soil sediments were collected from Red Sea, Sudan. The soil sediments were pretreated and cultivated on agar medium. Promising Streptomyces spp. were isolated by agar overlay method using indicator organisms. Optimization of chemical and physical culture conditions was carried out. The later was judged by assessment of antibacterial activity. Ethyl acetate was used to extract the secondary metabolite compounds. The separation of the active ingredients was performed using both thin layer chromatography (TLC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). The results revealed nine strains of Streptomyces. Of them two (PS1 and PS28) isolates exhibited high activity against pathogenic bacteria. The optimum growth conditions were pH 7.5, temperature at 30°C, soyabean concentration 2.5 g/l, incubation period in 7 days, MgSO4.7H2O conc. 1g/l and K2HPO4 conc. 2.5g/l. TLC test showed three and two fragments from metabolites of PS1 and PS28 respectively, while the GC-MS analysis revealed eight and eleven compounds with antibacterial activity of PS1 and PS28 respectively. It is concluded that marine is promising source of secondary metabolites.Khattab et al., International Current Pharmaceutical Journal, February 2016, 5(3): 27-32

Prevalence of antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from urban and agricultural streams in Canterbury, New Zealand

2019 ◽  
Vol 366 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Van Hamelsveld ◽  
Muyiwa E Adewale ◽  
Brigitta Kurenbach ◽  
William Godsoe ◽  
Jon S Harding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Mesophilic Bacteria ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Population Counts

Abstract Baseline studies are needed to identify environmental reservoirs of non-pathogenic but associating microbiota or pathogenic bacteria that are resistant to antibiotics and to inform safe use of freshwater ecosystems in urban and agricultural settings. Mesophilic bacteria and Escherichia coli were quantified and isolated from water and sediments of two rivers, one in an urban and one in an agricultural area near Christchurch, New Zealand. Resistance of E. coli to one or more of nine different antibiotics was determined. Additionally, selected strains were tested for conjugative transfer of resistances. Despite having similar concentrations of mesophilic bacteria and E. coli, the rivers differed in numbers of antibiotic-resistant E. coli isolates. Fully antibiotic-susceptible and -resistant strains coexist in the two freshwater ecosystems. This study was the first phase of antibiotic resistance profiling in an urban setting and an intensifying dairy agroecosystem. Antibiotic-resistant E. coli may pose different ingestion and contact risks than do susceptible E. coli. This difference cannot be seen in population counts alone. This is an important finding for human health assessments of freshwater systems, particularly where recreational uses occur downstream.

scholarly journals Paper-based analytical devices for colorimetric detection of S. aureus and E. coli and their antibiotic resistant strains in milk

The Analyst ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 145 (22) ◽  
pp. 7320-7329
Author(s):  
Muhammad Asif ◽  
Fazli Rabbi Awan ◽  
Qaiser Mahmood Khan ◽  
Bongkot Ngamsom ◽  
Nicole Pamme
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Colorimetric Detection ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases ◽  
Paper Microfluidic ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Appropriate Prescription

We investigate paper microfluidic devices for detection of pathogenic bacteria and their sensitivity towards β-lactamase and Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases (ESBLs) in milk samples to enable appropriate prescription of antibiotics for mastitis.

scholarly journals New approaches to the impact on the pathogenetic links of sepsis

2020 ◽  
pp. 240-246
Author(s):  
E. A. Nikitin ◽  
K. V. Kleymenov ◽  
D. D. Batienco ◽  
D. A. Akulenko ◽  
P. V. Seliverstov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Severe Infection ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Pathological Reaction

Sepsis is a systemic pathological reaction that arise because of a severe infection. Now, sepsis is considered as one of the most serious diseases and materially expensive nosology’s. For instance, out of 100% of cases of sepsis, only 40% survive. Thus, there is a high mortality rate and a wide prevalence (up to 300 thousand patients with sepsis are registered in Europe), which makes it possible to identify serious problems and the need to improve the clinical approach to the management strategy and tactics of such patients. The number of cases of detection and registration of sepsis has been expanding expansively since the thirties of the last century, and continues to grow dynamically, which obviously requires an improvement in the pathognomonic approach to therapy. The main reasons for the growth of septic conditions are the increasing use of invasive methods in medical practice, the pandemic of diabetes mellitus, the use of cytostatic and immunosuppressants, as well as the increasing number of antibiotic-resistant strains of pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic bacteria, total disruption of mucosal microbiocenoses, unreasonable use of probiotics with production strains containing foci of pathogenicity in patients with primary or secondary immunodeficiencies. Now, the main etiopathogenetic therapy of sepsis remains drugs aimed at the destruction of pathogenic microorganisms. However, based on the pathogenesis of the septic state, it seems effective to search for drugs with new points of application to individual pathogenesis links of the systemic inflammatory response. Today, studies aimed at establishing the effectiveness of influence on any individual links in the pathogenesis of sepsis - inflammatory mediators, have not yet yielded clear results.

scholarly journals Antibacterial activity of hinokitiol against both antibiotic‐resistant and ‐susceptible pathogenic bacteria that predominate in the oral cavity and upper airways

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 213-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisanori Domon ◽  
Takumi Hiyoshi ◽  
Tomoki Maekawa ◽  
Daisuke Yonezawa ◽  
Hikaru Tamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Upper Airways ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant

scholarly journals Long-term impacts of antibiotic exposure on the human intestinal microbiota

Microbiology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 156 (11) ◽  
pp. 3216-3223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Jernberg ◽  
Sonja Löfmark ◽  
Charlotta Edlund ◽  
Janet K. Jansson
Keyword(s):  
Human Microbiome ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Antibiotic Administration ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Human Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Ecological Disturbances

Although it is known that antibiotics have short-term impacts on the human microbiome, recent evidence demonstrates that the impacts of some antibiotics remain for extended periods of time. In addition, antibiotic-resistant strains can persist in the human host environment in the absence of selective pressure. Both molecular- and cultivation-based approaches have revealed ecological disturbances in the microbiota after antibiotic administration, in particular for specific members of the bacterial community that are susceptible or alternatively resistant to the antibiotic in question. A disturbing consequence of antibiotic treatment has been the long-term persistence of antibiotic resistance genes, for example in the human gut. These data warrant use of prudence in the administration of antibiotics that could aggravate the growing battle with emerging antibiotic-resistant pathogenic strains.

scholarly journals Genomic Epidemiology of Penicillin-Nonsusceptible Pneumococci with Nonvaccine Serotypes Causing Invasive Disease in the United States

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 1104-1115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl P. Andam ◽  
Patrick K. Mitchell ◽  
Alanna Callendrello ◽  
Qiuzhi Chang ◽  
Jukka Corander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
De Novo ◽  
The United States ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Genomic Epidemiology ◽  
Capsule Locus ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Conjugate Vaccination

ABSTRACT Conjugate vaccination against seven pneumococcal serotypes (PCV7) reduced disease prevalence due to antibiotic-resistant strains throughout the 2000s. However, diseases caused by resistant nonvaccine type (NVT) strains increased. Some of these emerging strains were derived from vaccine types (VT) that had changed their capsule by recombination. The introduction of a vaccine targeting 13 serotypes (PCV13) in 2010 has led to concern that this scenario will repeat itself. We generated high-quality draft genomes from 265 isolates of NVT pneumococci not susceptible to penicillin (PNSP) in 2009 and compared them with the genomes of 581 isolates from 2012 to 2013 collected by the Active Bacterial Core surveillance (ABCs) of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Of the seven sequence clusters (SCs) identified, three SCs fell into a single lineage associated with serogroup 23, which had an origin in 1908 as dated by coalescent analysis and included isolates with a divergent 23B capsule locus. Three other SCs represented relatively deep-branching lineages associated with serotypes 35B, 15A, and 15BC. In all cases, the resistant clones originated prior to 2010, indicating that PNSP are at present dominated by descendants of NVT clones present before vaccination. With one exception (15BC/ST3280), these SCs were related to clones identified by the Pneumococcal Molecular Epidemiology Network (PMEN). We conclude that postvaccine diversity in NVT PNSP between 2009 and 2013 was driven mainly by the persistence of preexisting strains rather than through de novo adaptation, with few cases of serotype switching. Future surveillance is essential for documenting the long-term dynamics and resistance of NVT PNSP.

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