scholarly journals Evaluation and demonstration of leguminous shrubs hedgerows intercropping with maize crop

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-68
Author(s):  
B Lemage ◽  
M Tsegaye ◽  
Y Anmaw
Keyword(s):  
Cajanus Cajan ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Sesbania Sesban ◽  
Hedgerow Intercropping ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
And Control

Smallholder farmers influenced from the challenges of production constraints to afford farm family with surplus food. To improve this problem the present study was designed to evaluate legume shrubs hedgerow intercropping with maize. In the present study, the growth performance of Sesbania sesban and Cajanus cajan was evaluated to determine their potential in hedgerow intercropping. The result revealed that Sesbania sesban performs better than Cajanus cajan in terms of biomass provision in the successive pruning, mean height, branching, diameter at breast height and root collar diameter. Biomass produced from Sesbania sesban was significantly higher than Cajanus cajan, this plays great role in soil nutrient improvement and maize yield also increased. There was an increasing trend in soil properties in terms of organic C, total N, in legume treatments especially in Sesbania sesban hedgerow to the initial and control soils. Maize grain yield higher under Sesbania sesban hedgerow plot than Cajanus cajan, maize with fertilizer and control. This should be intensively demonstrated to sustain the agricultural production as an organic farming through integration of easily adapting, less competing with the companion crop, deep rooted and fast growing legume tree/shrub species. Further research is important in areas of determining decomposing rate of different parts, pruned biomass and potential species should be identified. Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 11(1): 60-68, June 2021

scholarly journals Maize Production and Soil Properties Change in Alley Cropping System at Different Nitrogen Levels

2010 ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
Md Abiar Rahman ◽  
Md Giashuddin Miah ◽  
Hisashi Yahata
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Alley Cropping ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Similar Amount ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Nitrogen Levels

Productivity of maize and soil properties change under alley cropping system consisting of four woody species (Gliricidia sepium, Leucaena leucocephala, Cajanus cajan and Senna siamea) at different nitrogen levels (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of recommended rate) were studied in the floodplain ecosystem of Bangladesh. Comparative growth performance of four woody species after pruning showed that L. leucocephala attained the highest height, while C. cajan produced the maximum number of branches. Higher and almost similar amount of pruned materials (PM) were obtained from S. siamea, G. sepium and C. cajan species. In general, maize yield increased with the increase in N level irrespective of added PM. However, 100% N plus PM, 75% N plus PM and 100% N without PM (control) produced similar yields. The grain yield of maize obtained from G. sepium alley was 2.82, 4.13 and 5.81% higher over those of L. leucocephala, C. cajan and S. siamea, respectively. Across the alley, only one row of maize in the vicinity of the woody species was affected significantly. There was an increasing trend in soil properties in terms of organic C, total N and CEC in alley cropping treatments especially in G. sepium and L. leucocephala alleys compared to the initial and control soils. Therefore, one fourth chemical N fertilizer can be saved without significant yield loss in maize production in alley cropping system.

scholarly journals Integrated Nutrient Management of an Acid Paddy Soil in Karang Tanjung Village, Padang Ratu, Central Lampung

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-106
Author(s):  
Antonius Kasno ◽  
Irawan Irawan ◽  
Husnain Husnain ◽  
Sri Rochayati
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Nutrient Status ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Set Up

Balanced fertilization is the key factor to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of fertilization.The dosage of inorganic fertilizers applied can be determined based on the nutrient status of P, K and rice productivity. The research aims to improve balance fertilization that combines inorganic fertilizers, which is set up based on soil nutrient status, and organic fertilizers. The research was conducted in Karang Tanjung Village, Padang Ratu District, Central Lampung, in the dry season of 2009 until 2012. An experimental plot of one hectare was set up in the farmer’s paddy fields. Generally, the plot for every treatment was owned by two or more farmers. The treatments consisted of the dose of fertilizer applications for lowland rice, namely (1) dose of fertilizers based on farmer practice, (2) dose of fertilizers proposed by Petrokimia, (3) 75% of fertilizer dose that was set up based on soil analysis plus straw compost, and (4) 75% of inorganic fertilizer combined with manure and biofertilizer. At the fourth growing season, each plot was applied with 100% inorganic fertilizer (NPK fertilizer). The results showed that the limiting factor of the soil used in the current study is the content of organic-C, N, K, and CEC. The compost of rice straw used as organic matter in the current study contains higher organic-C and total-N in comparison to manure. Organic matter application in the form of straw compost or manure can reduce 25% of NPK application, while the production of rice remains high. Fertilization on paddy soils based on soil nutrient status can improve fertilization efficiency. Rice production in the treatment of 100% NPK is similar to that in the fertilization treatments based on farmer practice and Petrokima rate. Keywords: Nutrient management, acid soil, fertilization efficiency

Application of Biofertilizers in Cover of and Its Effects on Organic Maize

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Amanda Cecato Favorito ◽  
Edleusa Pereira Seidel ◽  
Taís Regina Kohler ◽  
William Ribeiro de Carvalho ◽  
Renan Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maize Yield ◽  
Penetration Resistance ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Bovine Urine ◽  
Soil Penetration Resistance ◽  
Dunnett Test ◽  
And Control

The objective of the present study was to verify the effect of two doses of the biofertilizer ‘Supermagro’ applied in cover, in the presence and absence of cured bovine urine in the maize crop, and in the soil penetration resistance, as well as the effect in the application of biofertilizer ‘Fert Bokashi’. The experimental design used was of randomized blocks with four replicates. The treatments constituted of cover application of ‘Supermagro’ in the dose of 6% (recommended dose) (T1); cover application of ‘Supermagro’ in the dose of 12% (T2); cover application of ‘Supermagro’ in the dose of 6% + cured bovine urine 3% (T3); cover application of ‘Supermagro’ in the dose of 12% + cured bovine urine 3% (T4); cover application of cured bovine urine 3% (T5); use of the biofertilizer ‘Fert Bokashi’ in the dose of 0,5% of dilution) (T6); and control (T7). The results obtained were tabulated and submitted to analysis of variance and the comparison of means by the Dunnett test at 5% of probability, with the aid of the statistical analysis software SAS. For the parameters: thousand grain mass, the treatment ‘Fert Bokashi’ alone presented the highest thousand grain mass (375,00 g) being it superior to the control (p<0,05) with 360,94 g. For the yield parameter, the treatments ‘Supermagro’ 12% + urine, bovine urine alone and ‘Fert Bokashi’ presented the highest averages, (5961 kg ha-1, 5512 kg ha-1 and 5808 kg ha-1, respectively) which differed statistically from the control (5500 kg ha-1) (p<0,05). The biofertilizers are an alternative to increase the yield of maize in the organic system with an average increase of 20% in the maize production in relation to the area without application. The biofertilizer ‘Fer Bokashi’ is an alternative to increase maize yield in the organic production system. The application of biofertilizers did not influence in the soil penetration resistance.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PERUBAHAN CADANGAN HARA PADA BERBAGAI PENGGUNAAN LAHAN DAN KELERENGAN DI DAS MIKRO KALI KUNGKUK, KOTA BATU

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Refki Aulia Wiwaha ◽  
Syahrul Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Forest Conversion ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Soil Organic C ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Soil C And N ◽  
C And N

The Kali Kungkuk micro watershed which is located in the upper area of Brantas watershed, had experienced forest conversion to horticulture during the last fourth decades. Since the physiographic of Kali Kungkuk micro watershed is hilly, forest conversion to horticulture may result in soil nutrient stock changes. The research aimed to analyze soil nutrient stock from forest to horticulture land uses (i.e. apple orchard and vegetables) in the Kali Kungkuk micro watershed. The field research was conducted on three different land uses (i.e. vegetable land (PK), apple orchard (PA), and forest (PH)) and four land slope classes (i.e. slope 0-8% (K1), 8-15% (K2), 15-25% (K3), and > 25% (K4)), with three, replicates plots of each. Soil samples were collected at three different depths (0-10, 10-30, and 30- 50 cm) from each plot. The parameters measured included soil texture, bulk density, standing litter mass, canopy cover, basal area, soil organic carbon and total nitrogen. Data analysis was conducted with Linear Mixed Effect Models with a level of 5% and a further analysis of LSD test level of 5% as well as a correlation test between observational parameters. The results showed that differences in land use and slope affected to significant differences in the content of soil organic C and total N. In general, forests had higher soil C and N stocks as compared to other land uses (i.e. apple orchard and vegetables). Furthermore, soil organic C and total N was higher in the low slopes (i.e. 0-8%) and (8-15%) as compared to the high slopes (i.e. 15-25%) and (> 25%). The study found a positive correlation between soil nutrient stocks (i.e. C and N) and clay content. In contrast, soil C and N stock was negatively correlated with soil bulk density. Soil fertility degradation that occurs in the Kali Kungkuk micro watershed (i.e. apple orchard and vegetables) requires serious attention in soil management in order to ensure the sustainability of apple and vegetable production.

scholarly journals Impact of alley cropping system on soil fertility

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
Jannatul Ferdush ◽  
Md. Meftahul Karim ◽  
Iffat Jahan Noor ◽  
Sadia Afrin Sadia Afrin Ju ◽  
Tofayel Ahamed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Alley Cropping ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Wheat Production

A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of pruned materials of two hedgerow species on wheat production and soil nutrient changes at different nitrogen levels in the research farm of the Bangabandhu Shiekh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMARU) during November 2012 to March 2013. The design of the experiment was split plot, where two multipurpose tree species (MPTS) namely Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala were arranged in main plots and five different doses of nitrogen (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 % of recommended dose) with pruned materials were distributed to sub plots. Alley widths of both tree species were 6.0 meter. There were also control plots where full dose of recommended nitrogen was applied but no pruned material (PM) was incorporated. The soil chemical properties in the alleys consisting of G. sepium and L. leucocephala responded differently. Positive changes in the soil fertility in terms of soil pH, organic C, total N, available P, available S and exchangeable Ca, Mg, K and CEC of the top soil layer were observed in alley cropping system. Pruned materials application substantially reduced the nitrogen requirement for wheat production and 50 % Nitrogen fertilizer could be saved through pruned materials application. Among the tree species G. sepium seemed to be superior over L. leucocephala in building soil health.    

scholarly journals Soil fertility and productivity of sugarcane influenced by enriched pressmud compost with chemical fertilizers

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
SM Bokhtiar ◽  
S Roksana ◽  
AZM Moslehuddin
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Ganges River ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Sugarcane Yield ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
And Control

A field experiment was conducted at Bangladesh Sugarcrop Research Institute, Ishurdi, Pabna, Bangladesh to examine the effects of enriched compost with chemical fertilizers on soil fertility and productivity of sugarcane. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 16 treatments comprising four levels of inorganic fertilizers (100%, 75%, 50% and 0%) and four levels of pressmud (enriched by Trichoderma harzianum @ 7.5 t ha-1, T. viride @ 7.5 t ha-1, untreated raw pressmud @ 10 t ha-1 and control). It was observed that germination (90.34%), total chlorophyll content (2.58 mg g-1), leaf area index (5.00), dry matter (3.41 kg m-2), tiller (137.94 × 000 ha-1), millable cane stalk (99.15 × 000 ha-1) and yield (111.32 t ha-1) were found maximum in 100% recommended fertilizer (N150 P50 K90 S35 and Zn4 kg ha-1) with enriched pressmud which was statistically identical in comparison with 75% and 50% of recommended chemical fertilizers with enriched pressmud. The N (1.47%), K (1.24%) and S (0.17%) contents of leaf tissues were slightly increased with chemical fertilizers + enriched pressmud compared to chemical fertilizer alone. Soil Organic C, total N, P, K and S were higher with pressmud application compared to non pressmud application. Microbial enrichment of pressmud with Trichoderma sp. could save 2.5 t ha-1 of pressmud and 25% of recommended fertilizers. It can be concluded that enriched pressmud is more effective than raw pressmud in increasing sugarcane yield and maintain soil fertility in High Ganges River Floodplain soils.SAARC J. Agri., 13(2): 183-197 (2015)

PRODUCTIVITY AND PROFITABILITY OF MAIZE + GROUNDNUT ROTATIONS COMPARED WITH CONTINUOUS MAIZE ON SMALLHOLDER FARMS IN ZIMBABWE

2001 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. WADDINGTON ◽  
J. KARIGWINDI
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Smallholder Farms ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Continuous Maize ◽  
Maize Grain ◽  
On Farm

Experiments to assess the yield and economic performance of a maize-groundnut rotation compared with continuous maize (both when inorganic fertilizer was applied to maize and when not), were conducted under management by smallholder farmers in Zimbabwe over six years. The experiment was planted on-station near Harare and at six smallholder sites in northeast Zimbabwe, predominantly on sandy soils. Fertilizer rates and practices were those used by farmers, as described in surveys. On-farm grain yields from continuous maize without fertilizer were generally in the range 0.5–0.8 t ha−1 over five years. Maize yield responses to inorganic fertilizer on smallholder farms were highly variable, but moderate (up to 29 kg grain per kg N) with adequate rainfall. With no inorganic fertilizer applied to maize, the on-station groundnut crop (producing 0.260–0.355 t ha−1 shelled grain) almost doubled the grain yield of the following maize crop (in 1995–96), increasing output from 2.46 t ha−1 to 4.61 t ha−1. Where inorganic fertilizer was applied to maize, the rotation produced even more additional maize grain (an increase of 2.93 t ha−1). Up to 0.50 t ha−1 extra grain was obtained in the second year of maize following groundnut (1996–97). With inorganic fertilizer, groundnut improved the grain yield of following maize crops at only two of five on-farm sites. Without fertilizer, the groundnut rotation increased maize grain yields at five on-farm sites by an average of only 0.28 t ha−1. For the on-station groundnut and two subsequent years with maize, discounted net benefits (DNBs) over cash costs (seed and fertilizer) were greater for the rotation than for continuous maize, irrespective of whether or not inorganic fertilizer was applied. When labour costs were added, continuous maize plus fertilizer showed better returns than did the rotation, while the returns for the rotation and continuous maize without fertilizer were almost the same. On-farm the rotation was far less profitable. At only two sites, DNBs over cash costs were higher for the rotation whereas DNBs over all costs (including labour valued at a local casual-worker wage) were always negative or close to zero. At three sites, it was far more profitable to grow continuous maize, especially with fertilizer. These findings of low groundnut yield, marginal to zero profitability, and high labour cost of groundnut-maize rotations, support and explain the general trend by smallholder farmers to reduce groundnut area in Zimbabwe.

ADOPTION POTENTIAL OF HEDGEROW INTERCROPPING IN MAIZE-BASED CROPPING SYSTEMS IN THE HIGHLANDS OF WESTERN KENYA 2. ECONOMIC AND FARMERS' EVALUATION

1997 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. SWINKELS ◽  
S. FRANZEL
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Test Plot ◽  
Hedgerow Intercropping ◽  
Western Kenya ◽  
Returns To Labour ◽  
And Control

Hedgerow intercropping is evaluated both economically and from the farmers' viewpoint, based on four years of experience of 45 farmers in western Kenya. Farmers were able to establish and prune the hedges; however, both activities considerably increased labour use during the busiest period of the year. Women did not generally prune the hedges. The average extra maize yield required each year, beginning in the second year, to cover the added cost of hedgerow intercropping was 10.5% (s.d. 5.5) when based on returns to land and 17.5% (s.d. 6.5) based on returns to labour. Although about half the farmers claimed that hedges improved crop yields, after three years of experimentation only about one-fifth planted additional hedges and only 14% did so to improve soil fertility. It thus appears that the potential for its adoption as a soil fertility practice in this area is low. Control plots were of little use as farmers were more interested in contrasting test-plot yields with past yields than comparing the test and control plots. Different types of trials may be required to obtain reliable biophysical data on yield response and socio-economic data on farmer assessment of complex agroforestry technologies.

scholarly journals The Effects of Doses and Methods of Lime Placement to N, P, K, Ca, Mg Content and Sugarcane Growth in Ultisol Lampung Tengah, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Heri Wahyudi ◽  
Azwar Ma’as ◽  
Eko Hanudin ◽  
Sri Nuryani Hidayah Utami
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Soil Taxonomy ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Ca Uptake ◽  
Chemical Content ◽  
Mg Content

Land circumstances on Seputih Mataram, Lampung included in dried area which is consist of Ultisols soil (soil taxonomy). Ultisol consist of H2O which has pH of less than 5.5. It will cause the amount of soil nutrient that absorbed is not optimal yet. This research aimed to know the influence of adding dolomite to the soil chemical content (pH number of H2O, KCl, content of total N, available P, exch-K, exch-Ca, exch-Mg, Organic-C, ratio C/N, exch-Al, exch-H, CEC), nutrient content on the leaf (such as N, P, K, Ca, Mg) and sugar cane physic. This research used Completely Randomized Design 2 factors with 3 blocks repetition. First factor was the dolomite doses in six contents: without the dolomite (K0), 500 kg/ha (K1), 1000 kg/ha (K2), 2000 kg/ha (K3), 4000 kg/ha (K4) and 6000 kg/ha (K5). The second factor (R) was the depth of dolomite placement, consist of: (R1) dolomite with 0-20 cm depth and (R2) dolomite with 20-40 cm depth. The observation used to know the soil chemical content, the leaf nutrients and the variables that used into the research. The observation results variant analyzed (ANOVA) in 5 % and continued with the Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) in 5 % if the result showed the real differentiation. The result showed that the depth of dolomite was not real influence to the amount of Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K), Calcium (Ca), and Magnesium (Mg) in leaf. Dolomite addition was real influence for Calcium (Ca) uptake in leaf, but it was not real influenced the leaf uptake. Dolomite addition was real influence in the leaf content and leaf Magnesium (Mg) uptake. 6000 kg/ha dolomite for physical soil characteristic ( pH H2O, pH KCL, C/N ratio, K, P, Ca, Mg,Exch-H), leaf nutrient ( N, K, Ca), Mg and Ca uptake on leaf also sugar cane tonnage per hectare showed the maximum result.

Using advanced control, post-denitrification and equalisation to improve the performance of a submerged filter

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 177-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.H. Sørensen ◽  
D. Thornberg ◽  
K.F. Janning
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Total N ◽  
Control Loops ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Advanced Control ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Control ◽  
Side Flow ◽  
Configuration Control ◽  
Control Post

In 1998, the capacity of the BIOSTYR® submerged biofilter at Nyborg WWTP was extended from 48,000 PE to 60,000 PE including advanced sensor based control, post-denitrification in BIOSTYR® and equalization of side flows. The existing configuration with 8 BIOSTYR® DN/N cells is based on pre-denitrification and an internal recirculation of 600–800%. The extended plant comprises 7 BIOSTYR® DN/N cells with 50–225% recirculation followed by 3 BIOSTYR DN cells for post-denitrification. The advanced control loops include blower control, control of the number of active cells (stand-by), automatic switch to high load configuration, control of the side flow equalization, control of the internal recirculation and control of the external carbon source dosing. In this paper, the achieved improvements are documented by comparing influent and effluent data, methanol and energy consumption from comparable periods before and after the extension. Although the nitrogen load to the plant was increased by 20% after the extension, the effluent quality has improved significantly with a reduction of Total-N from 7–8 mg/l to 3–4 mg/l. Simultaneously, the methanol consumption has been reduced by more than 50% per kg removed nitrogen. The energy consumption remained constant although the nitrogen load was increased by 20% and the inflow by 80%.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document