Awareness of HIV/AIDS among the grass-widows

The migrant workers in Bangladesh are at high risk of getting HIV infection due to factors like staying away from family for long periods which leave them vulnerable towards sexual relationship with commercial sex workers (CSW) and having sexual relationship with other men (MSM). This paper aimed to explore the level of awareness on HIV/AIDs among the women whose husbands stay apart from them for over a period of 6 months. For this cross sectional study, women attending public and private hospitals in Dhaka city were selected purposively. The participants were interviewed using a partially open-structured questionnaire. A total of 404 subjects were interviewed. Most of the respondents were housewives (85.7%). The higher education group had a high prevalence of awareness (>=HSC vs. SSC: 45.0% vs. 8.5%; p<0.001). The prevalence of awareness was significantly higher among the employed than the housewives (50% vs. 12.4%, p<0.001). Although the wives of the unskilled labor and the skilled employee were equal (25% vs. 25%), the wives of skilled employee had significantly higher awareness than the wives of the unskilled laborer (30.7 vs. 10.9%, p = 0.001). The study concludes that higher awareness level was significantly associated with higher education of the participants and higher education of the husband. Occupationally, housewives were found to have very low level of awareness compared with the employed group of participants. Again the wives of skilled employees had a significantly higher prevalence of awareness compared with the wives of unskilled laborer.Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2011; 5(1): 25-28 Key Words: HIV/AIDs; awareness; grass-widows.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/imcj.v5i1.9858

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Injecting drug users, sex workers and men who have sex with men: a national cross-sectional study to develop a framework and prevalence estimates for national HIV/AIDS programmes in the Republic of Serbia

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2012-002203 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 3 (5) ◽

pp. e002203 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Catherine Comiskey ◽

Orla Dempsey ◽

Danijela Simic ◽

Sladjana Baroš

Keyword(s):

Sex Workers ◽

Drug Users ◽

Injecting Drug Users ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Prevalence Estimates ◽

The Republic ◽

Sex With Men ◽

Hiv Aids

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Knowledge on mode of transmission and prevention of HIV/AIDS among the floating sex workers in some selected areas of Dhaka City

Community Based Medical Journal ◽

10.3329/cbmj.v3i1.53328 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 41-45

Author(s):

Lutfun Nahar ◽

Farzana Mahejabin ◽

Shamima Parveen

Keyword(s):

Sex Workers ◽

Transmitted Disease ◽

Risk Groups ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Dhaka City ◽

Unsafe Sex ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mode Of Transmission ◽

Prevention Of Hiv ◽

Hiv Aids

Knowledge on sexually transmitted disease like HIV/AIDS can affect and help in reducing the incidence and number of cases of the disease in the community. The present study makes an attempt to assess the knowledge on mode of transmission and prevention of HIV/AIDS among the floating sex workers in some selected areas of Dhaka city. A descriptive type of cross-sectional study was conducted for a period of six months from January to June 2009, in Drop in centers in some selected areas of Dhaka city. Data were collected from 90 floating sex workers to find their knowledge about HIV/AIDS. Of the 90 respondents, 88 (97.8%) respondents had heard of HIV/AIDS. Majority of them (52, 57.9%) were got knowledge on HIV/AIDS from NGO workers followed by 13 (14.4%) from radio and 12(13.3%) from television. Most of the respondents (74, 82.2%) knew that HIV could be transmitted by unsafe sex with a known case of AIDS. Regarding prevention of HIV/AIDS, 73(81.1%) respondents knew that use of condom was a way of prevention of AIDS. Majority (51, 56.7%) scored average knowledge on transmission and prevention of HIV/AIDS. Government and non-government organizations and media can play effective role to make people aware of HIV/AIDS particularly the high risk groups. CBMJ 2014 January: Vol. 03 No. 01 P: 41-45

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Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Sikap dengan Tindakan Pencegahan Penularan HIV-AIDS pada Waria di Kota Padang Tahun 2013

Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas ◽

10.25077/jka.v3i2.99 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Vicca Rahmayani ◽

Akmal M. Hanif ◽

Susila Sastri

Keyword(s):

Sex Workers ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Preventive Action ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Study Approach ◽

Knowledge Variable ◽

Knowledge And Attitude ◽

Hiv Aids

AbstrakKasus HIV/AIDS di Provinsi Sumatera barat sampai Desember 2012 sebanyak 133 kasus positif HIV dan 120 kasus AIDS, jumlah kasus terbesar di kota Padang sebesar 78,94%. Faktor resiko paling banyak melalui hubungan seksual sebesar 32%, dan di antara 40 orang waria penjaja seks dibawah bimbingan LSM APP(Aia Pacah Peduli) dinyatakan 5 waria +HIV. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisa hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap dengan tindakan pencegahan penularan HIV-AIDS pada waria di kota Padang. Metode penelitian adalah analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional study. Populasi penelitian adalah para waria penjaja seks dibawah bimbingan LSM APP Padang. Penentuan jumlah sampel menggunakan teknik total sampling dengan jumlah sampel 40 waria penjaja seks. Analisis data menggunakan uji statistik chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 65% waria penjaja seks memiliki tindakan yang baik, 70% memiliki pengetahuan yang tinggi, dan 52,5% menunjukkan sikap sedang terhadap pencegahan penularan HIV-AIDS. Hasil uji chi-square menunjukkan bahwa ke dua variabel independen berhubungan secara bermakna dengan variabel dependen (p < 0,05) yaitu variabel pengetahuan (p = 0,040) dan sikap (p = 0,048).Kata kunci: Pengetahuan, Sikap, Tindakan, HIV-AIDS, Waria penjaja seksAbstractCases of HIV/AIDS in West Sumatra province until December 2012, is as many as 133 cases of HIV positive and 120 cases of AIDS, with the largest number is occured in Padang city that is 79.3%. The most influenced risk factor is through a sexual relationship amounted to 32%, and among the 40 transvestites sex workers who have been under the guidance of the APP (Aia Pacah Peduli)—an NGO, there are 5 transvestites with +HIV. This research aims to analyze the relationship of knowledge and attitude with the precautions of HIV/AIDS transmission on transvestites in Padang city. Methode of this research is an observational analytic study with cross sectional study approach. Population were all transvestites sex workers (40) who have been under the guidance of the APP (Aia Pacah Peduli)—an NGO that is 40. The amount of this sample is chosen using total sampling. Data analysis uses statistical test of chi-square. The research results showed that 65% of transvestites sex workers take good preventive action, 70% had high knowledge, and 52.5% show that they took sufficient attitude related to prevention of HIV/AIDS transmission. Chi-square test results showed that the two independent variables are significantly correlated with the dependent variable (p < 0,05), that is knowledge variable (p =0,040) and attitude (p =0,048).Keywords: Knowledge, Attitude, Action, HIV/AIDS, Transvestites sex workers

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EMPLOYEE RETENTION IN A HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION: AN ORGANISATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVE

Progressio South African Journal for Open and Distance Learning Practice ◽

10.25159/0256-8853/600 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 37 (2) ◽

pp. 33-63 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

B J Erasmus ◽

A Grobler ◽

M Van Niekerk

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Employee Turnover ◽

Intent To Stay ◽

Education Institution ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Highly Qualified ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

High Performing ◽

Organisational Climate ◽

Talent Retention

Talent retention and employee turnover are major concerns for higher education institutions (HEIs) because they are losing highly qualified staff to the private sector and to other HEIs that are able to offer better rewards and benefits. The turnover of talented staff is therefore a major concern for the institution under investigation. The retention and voluntary turnover decisions among a workforce of 4 651 employees was thus investigated. A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted by means of the objective analysis of organisational data in combination with the structured questionnaire (organisational climate survey). Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied to analyse the data across demographic groups, including age, employment category (academic as well as professional and support), etc. The results indicated that the institution’s turnover rate was acceptable (4.34%) and that dysfunctional turnover was marginal because employees with below-standard performance ratings had voluntarily resigned. Positive correlations and significant beta (b) values were reported between Organisational citizenship, Leadership, My manager and Compensation and the employees’ intent to stay in or to leave the organisation. These organisational climate factors were found to explain approximately 30 per cent of the variance in the employees’ intent to stay in or to leave the organisation. The article recommends that a talent retention tool be developed. In addition, it contributes to the literature on retention and turnover of high-performing employees, as it underscores the importance of measuring employee turnover

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Rurality and Dropout in Virtual Higher Education Programmes in Colombia

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13094953 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (9) ◽

pp. 4953

Author(s):

Alfredo Guzmán Rincón ◽

Sandra Barragán ◽

Favio Cala Vitery

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Hierarchical Cluster ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Evaluation Instrument ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Social Stratum ◽

Level Of Education ◽

Explanatory Variables ◽

Rural Student

As part of the 2030 Agenda, higher education has been conceptualised as one of the ways to overcome the social disparities experienced in rural areas in Colombia. Thus, in concordance with the benefits of this level of education, the state has been designing public policies during the last few years, in order to facilitate access to undergraduate programmes to these populations, focusing mainly on the implementation of the virtual modality. In this context, it is recognised that access itself is not enough, but that continuance and timely graduation are required to materialise the benefits obtained along with a higher education degree; hence, dropout is a subject of interest for study, especially due to the high rates existing in the rural student population. Therefore, the event of dropout becomes an obstacle to social change and transformation in rural areas. Thus, this article aimed to identify which individual, institutional, academic and socio-economic characteristics influence rural student dropout in virtual undergraduate programmes in Colombia. For this purpose, an exploratory, quantitative and cross-sectional study was proposed, with a sample of 291 students to whom a student characterisation instrument and a classroom evaluation instrument were applied. With these data, it was proceeded to establish which of them had deserted, constituting the extraction of the sample of the study, which were 168. With the information, an exploratory factor analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis and descriptive statistics were used to establish which explanatory variables are involved in the dropout of this type of student. The results showed that the academic variables analysed do not have an impact on the event, while marital status (associated with family obligations), age, social stratum, work obligations, parents’ level of education and type of work, income and type of employment relationship of the student, and, finally, the number of people who depend on the family’s income do.

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Predictors of HIV/AIDS comprehensive knowledge and acceptance attitude towards people living with HIV/AIDS among unmarried young females in Uganda: a cross-sectional study

BMC Women s Health ◽

10.1186/s12905-021-01176-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Tesfaldet Mekonnen Estifanos ◽

Chen Hui ◽

Afewerki Weldezgi Tesfai ◽

Mekonnen Estifanos Teklu ◽

Matiwos Araya Ghebrehiwet ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Young Females ◽

Comprehensive Knowledge ◽

Hiv Aids

Abstract Background Youth in general and young females, in particular, remain at the center of HIV/AIDS epidemic. To avoid and prevent HIV infection, comprehensive knowledge as well as correct understanding of transmission and prevention strategies are crucial. Thus, the aim of this study is to explore the predictors of comprehensive knowledge on HIV/AIDS and accepting attitude towards PLWHIV. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the 2016 Uganda Demographic Health Survey. A two-stage probability sampling method was applied and data were collected using a standard questionnaire. Of the total 8674 women aged 15–49 years, 1971 eligible women aged 15–24 years were included in this analysis. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 23. A Chi-square test followed by logistic regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between specific explanatory variables and outcome variables. The results were reported using odds ratios with 95% confidence interval. P value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results Overall, 99.3% of the unmarried women aged 15–24 years were aware of HIV/AIDS, but only 51.9% had comprehensive knowledge on HIV/AIDS. Around 70% of the respondents were aware that "using condoms every time when having sex" and "having only one faithful uninfected partner" can prevent HIV transmission. About 68% of the unmarried women rejected at least two common local misconceptions about HIV/AIDS. An alarmingly small (20.6%) proportion of the respondents had a positive acceptance attitude towards PLWHIV. All variables were significantly associated with having comprehensive knowledge on HIV/AIDS in the unadjusted logistic regression analysis. After adjustment, older age (20–24 years), being educated, wealthier, and ever been tested for HIV/AIDS became predictors of adequate comprehensive HIV/AIDS knowledge. Moreover, respondents with adequate comprehensive knowledge of HIV/AIDS were more likely (OR 1.64, 95% CI 1.30–2.08) to have a positive acceptance attitude towards PLWHIV than their counterparts. Conclusion Our study demonstrated a remarkably high level of awareness about HIV/AIDS among study participants, but the knowledge and positive acceptance attitude towards PLWHIV were not encouraging. Thus, endeavors to expand and strengthen educational campaigns on HIV/AIDS in communities, health facilities, and schools are highly recommended. Attention should particularly focus on young-aged and disadvantaged women with low educational level, poor socioeconomic status and those who have never been tested for HIV/AIDS.

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Suicidal ideation, psychopathology and associated factors among HIV-infected adults in Indonesia

BMC Psychiatry ◽

10.1186/s12888-020-02666-1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Youdiil Ophinni ◽

Adrian ◽

Kristiana Siste ◽

Martina Wiwie ◽

Gina Anindyajati ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Single Point ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Anxiety Symptoms ◽

Cd4 Count ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Early Screening ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Aids Epidemic ◽

Hiv Aids

Abstract Background Suicidal behavior is a prevalent psychiatric emergency in HIV-infected adults. Detection of suicidal ideation is important in planning early psychiatric intervention and optimizing HIV/AIDS management. Characterization of suicidal ideation among HIV-infected adults is crucial; however, practically there is no data in Indonesia, the country with the second largest burden of HIV/AIDS epidemic in Asia. This study aims to identify suicidal ideation and analyze the associated psychopathology and determining factors among HIV-infected adults in Indonesia. Methods An observational cross-sectional study was conducted among HIV-infected adults aged 18–65 years old receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). Measurement using Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) was performed to assess the existing psychopathology. Firth’s penalized logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with suicidal ideation. Results A total of 86 subjects were recruited. Most subjects were male (65.1%), median age was 35 years, and median latest CD4 count was 463 cells/μl. Lifetime suicidal ideation was identified in 20 subjects (23.3%). Mean SCL-90 T-score for depressive and anxiety symptoms were both significantly higher among subjects with suicidal ideation (M = 60.75, SD = 12.0, p = 0.000 and M = 57.9, SD = 2.8, p = 0.001, respectively) compared to those without. Bivariate analyses showed that lifetime suicidal ideation was associated with depressive and anxiety symptoms, non-marital status, CD4 count < 500 cells/μl, and efavirenz use. Multivariate analysis identified that a single-point increase in SCL-90 depression symptoms score (AOR 1.16, 95% CI 4.5–123.6, p = 0.000) and efavirenz use (AOR 5.00, 95% CI 1.02–24.6, p = 0.048) were significant independent factors related to suicidal ideation. Conclusion Suicidal ideation is commonly found among Indonesian HIV-infected adults on ART. Depressive symptoms and efavirenz use are independent factors related to the presence of suicidal ideation. Thus, early screening of psychopathology as well as substitution of efavirenz with other ART regiment are recommended to prevent suicide and improve HIV/AIDS management outcome.

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Assessment of the Reproductive Health Status of Adult Prison Inmates in Osun State, Nigeria

International Journal of Reproductive Medicine ◽

10.1155/2013/451460 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

A. I. Olugbenga-Bello ◽

O. A. Adeoye ◽

K. G. Osagbemi

Keyword(s):

Health Status ◽

Reproductive Health ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Prison Inmates ◽

Age Group ◽

Reproductive Health Services ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Multiple Sexual Partners ◽

Condom Usage ◽

Hiv Aids

Introduction. All over the world, numbers of prisoners have being increasing with majority in the sexually active age group; hence diseases such as HIV, Tuberculosis and Hepatitis are more prevalent in prisons than in the community. This study thus aims to provide an overview of the reproductive health status of adult prison inmates in Osun State.Methodology. This is a cross-sectional study among adult inmates in Osun State prison. Data was obtained from 209 selected respondents using pre-tested semi structured questionnaire.Result. Majority of the respondents were in the age group 20–39 years with mean age of30.9+7.5. 73.2% are aware of STIs, 93.3% HIV/AIDS and 81.3% contraception. 54.6% had multiple sexual partners before incarceration and 23.3% of them used condom always. 89.5% were not involved in any sexual practice inside the prison, 9.1% masturbated and 1.4% had homosexual partners. Less than 6% had access to male condoms gotten from prison staffs and prison clinics.Conclusion and recommendation. No comprehensive reproductive health care system to address reproductive health services in prisons. Respondents’ knowledge about STIs, HIV/AIDS and contraception is good, but their condom usage is low compared with the knowledge. Government should put in place specific reproductive health programmes in prisons.

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