scholarly journals Embryonic and larval development of guchibaim, Mastacembelus pancalus (Hamilton)

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Rahman ◽  
MI Miah ◽  
MAH Taher ◽  
MM Hasan

The embryonic and larval development of local Guchibaim, Mastacembelus pancalus (Hamilton) was studied during May to October 2007. This study presents preliminary observations on the embryonic and larval development of Mastacembelus pancalus under laboratory conditions. The parents stock was collected from different places of Mymensingh district. The eggs were obtained through induction of spawning by use of hormones. At fertilization; the eggs were 0.50 mm in diameter. Samples were taken every 10 minutes interval till completion of morula and then every 1 hour interval up to hatching. After hatching, daily observations took place until the attainment of the fingerling stage. The eggs presented coloration varying from yellow to brownish-green. They were spherical, demersal and adhesive. The stages of embryonic development observed with cleavage, followed by blastula, morula, early gastrula, middle gastrula, late gastrula and until hatching of non-pigmented larvae which displayed total average length of 1.3 mm ± 0.22, 35 hours after fertilization. First cleavage was recorded within 1.05 hrs after fertilization and the embryonic rudiments of developing eggs appeared at 24.30 hrs at 27.0-31.0°C. The yolk sac was completely absorbed at 67 hrs during embryonic development on attainment of 5.50 mm total length. At the same time the digestive system became fully developed and the larvae searched for feeding. Keywords: Embryo; Larvae; Guchibaim; Mastacembelus pancalus DOI: 10.3329/jbau.v7i1.4984 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 7(1): 193-204, 2009

Author(s):  
J. Dulčić ◽  
L. Grubišić ◽  
I. Katavić ◽  
N. Skakelja

The embryonic and early larval development of the laboratory-reared tub gurnard, Trigla lucerna are described. The eggs ranged in diameter from 1·33 to 1·40 mm, with a mean of 1·36±0·236 mm, were pelagic and spherical with a homogeneous and unsegmented yolk. There was single oil globule in the eggs. Globule ranged in diameter from 0·25 to 0·29 mm (mean 0·28±0·012 mm). Embryonic development lasted 115 h 2 min at mean temperature 13·5 °C. Newly-hatched larvae were 3·09±0·014 mm in total length. Absorption of the yolk sac was complete after the sixth day, when larvae reached 4·85±0·015 mm in total length. The only character for identifying eggs among species could be diameter, since the values obtained are lower than those obtained for Eutrigla gurnardus and Aspitrigla cuculus, but larger than those for Trigloporus lastoviza. The length of newly hatched yolk-sac larvae of tub gurnard is significantly lower (t-test, P<0·05) than those of most of the other gurnard species. Characters likely to help in identification of species will probably prove to be the length, shape and pigmentation of the pectoral fin, and the degrees of development of spiny armature on the head.


Author(s):  
Kiran Dube ◽  
Neha Saxena ◽  
Rabindar Singh Patiyal ◽  
Virendra K. Tiwari ◽  
Javaid Iqbal Mir

The study describes, for the first time, captive breeding, embryonic and larval development of Barilius bendelisis. The captive breeding trial was carried out in April, in fish farm of Directorate of Coldwater Fisheries Research (DCFR), Bhimtal, India using differnet doses of ovatide. The most appropriate dose of ovatide was reported to be 0.3 ml/kg body weight to males and 0.6 ml/kg body weight to females. Fertilized eggs measuring 1.4-1.7 mm were spherical, demersal, and transparent with dark yellow coloured yolk. Hatching occurred 140 -160 hours after fertilization at 19.09°C ± 0.395. Newly hatched larvae were transparent with yellowish yolk reserve, measuring 5.57 - 6.71 mm in total length and characterized by pigmented eye and yolk sac which completely absorbed in 72 hours.


Author(s):  
Rita Borges ◽  
Cláudia Faria ◽  
Fátima Gil ◽  
Emanuel J. Gonçalves ◽  
Vitor C. Almada

The full developmental sequence from egg to juvenile of Gobius paganellus under controlled conditions is described. Embryonic development lasted 9–10 days at 18.5–20.0°C and 10–11 days at 15.0–16.5°C. Newly hatched larvae measured 3.90 mm, had the mouth and anus opened, pigmented eyes and almost no yolk. They first settled 25 days after hatching (10.0–10.5 mm total length [TL]) and showed juvenile behaviour and body form 36 days after hatching (14.0 mm TL). However, they only showed full juvenile pigmentation patterns 15 days later (17.0 mm TL) (16.0–16.5°C). In addition, a preliminary differentiation between the newly hatched larvae of the most common Gobius species of south-western European shores is presented.


1998 ◽  
Vol 201 (17) ◽  
pp. 2465-2479 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Harzsch ◽  
J Miller ◽  
J Benton ◽  
RR Dawirs ◽  
B Beltz

The mode of embryonic and larval development and the ethology of metamorphosis in the spider crab and the American lobster are very different, and we took advantage of this to compare neuronal development in the two species. The goals of this study were to discover whether the differences in the maturation of the neuromuscular system in the pereopods and the metamorphic changes of motor behavior between the two species are reflected at the level of the developing nervous system ('neurometamorphosis'). Furthermore, we wanted to broaden our understanding of the mechanisms that govern neuronal development in arthropods. Proliferation of neuronal stem cells in thoracic neuromeres 4-8 of the lobster Homarus americanus and the crab Hyas araneus was monitored over the course of embryonic and larval development using the in vivo incorporation of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU). Neuropil structure was visualized using an antibody against Drosophila synapsin. While proliferation of neuronal precursors has ceased when embryogenesis is 80 % complete (E80%) in the lobster thoracic neuromeres, proliferation of neuroblasts in the crab persists throughout embryonic development and into larval life. The divergent temporal patterns of neurogenesis in the two crustacean species can be correlated with differences in larval life style and in the degree of maturation of the thoracic legs during metamorphic development. Several unusual aspects of neurogenesis reported here distinguish these crustaceans from other arthropods. Lobsters apparently lack a postembryonic period of proliferation in the thoracic neuromeres despite the metamorphic remodeling that takes place in the larval stages. In contrast, an increase in mitotic activity towards the end of embryonic development is found in crabs, and neuroblast proliferation persists throughout the process of hatching into the larval stages. In both E20% lobster embryos and mid-embryonic crabs, expression of engrailed was found in a corresponding set of neurons and putative glial cells at the posterior neuromere border, suggesting that these cells have acquired similar specific identities and might, therefore, be homologous. None of the BrdU-labeled neuroblasts (typically 6-8 per hemineuromere over a long period of embryogenesis) was positive for engrailed at this and subsequent stages. Our findings are discussed in relation to the spatial and temporal patterns of neurogenesis in insects.


2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 1335-1341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Veríssimo ◽  
Leonel Gordo ◽  
Ivone Figueiredo

Abstract A total of 871 females (76–122 cm) and 86 males (68–100 cm) of Centroscymnus coelolepis caught in Portuguese mainland waters were examined for reproductive characteristics. One hermaphroditic individual of 95 cm was found. Males were few in numbers and dominated by immature specimens. Female length at first sexual maturity was 98.5 cm. Mean ovarian and uterine fecundity were 13.2 oocytes per female and 9.9 embryos per pregnant female, respectively. Total length of embryos with completely absorbed external yolk sacs ranged between 233 and 300 mm. Sex ratio (F/M) of embryos with completely absorbed external yolk sac was 0.9. All stages of reproduction were found during the 12-month sampling period. Results were compared with those from other regions. A hypothesis is formulated on the existence of several regional populations based on morphometric and reproductive parameters observed in different areas.


1965 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
DT Anderson

Embryonic development in I. quadrivalvis follows the typical cirripede pattern except for modifications of cleavage and of development of the gut, associated with a large yolky egg. The nauplius is free-swimming but lecithotrophic. It does not grow, and moults irregularly. The development of cypris features begins precociously and the second half of naupliar life is demersal. The cypris stage is unmodified. Settling was not observed. The maxillary segments develop as a delayed continuation of the naupliar segmental sequence, the thoracic segments from a growth zone of seven ectoteloblasts and eight mesoteloblasts. Each row of eight cells budded from the mesoteloblasts develops into the paired somites of a segment. The midgut develops independently of the yolk cells. In cirripedes, increased yolk results in modification of cleavage and gut development but otherwise has little influence on embryonic development. Larval modifications associated with lecithotrophy promote direct development of the cypris but do not include modification of the cypris. Irregularity of moulting is associated with lack of larval growth. Relative brood sizes suggest that increased yolk in cirripedes offers advantages in larval survival. Post-naupliar segment formation in cirripedes resembles in detail that of Malacostraca, indicating a possible phylogenetic affinity between Malacostraca and Maxillopoda which can be tested by further studies on segment formation in non- Malacostraca.


2004 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fábio Luiz Borçato ◽  
Nilo Bazzoli ◽  
Yoshimi Sato

Mature males and females of Leporinus piau (Fowler, 1941) were induced to reproduce through a hypophysation process. Extrusion occurred 12 h or 312 hours-degree after the hypophysation, at a water temperature of 26°C. Fertilized eggs were maintained in incubators at 24°C. Embryonic development, was evaluated using every 10 minutes, fresh egg samples which were analyzed under stereoscopic microscope. The larvae were collected at 24-hour intervals for seven days after hatching, fixed in Bouin's fluid and were submitted to routine histological techniques. The eggs of L. piau were slightly gray, non-adhesive and round-shaped. After 1.5 h the embryo was at the 64-blastomere phase and showed a wide yolk region on the vegetative pole. Within 6.25 h, blastopore closure and the end of gastrula was observed. The differentiation of layers occurred after 7.5 h and hatching after 21 h after fertilization at 24°C or 504 hours-degree. During the first three days of the larvae development there was a gradual yolk sac reduction until its complete absorption on the fourth day, indicating the necessity of exogenous feeding. From the fourth to the seventh day, the final development of the heart, gill arches, swimblader, kidney, hepatopancreas, stomach and intestine were observed. The embryonic and larval development of L. piau were similar to other Anastomidae species.


Crustaceana ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-94
Author(s):  
Jian Hua Chen ◽  
Meng Jie Wang ◽  
Xue Li ◽  
Hai Hua Wang ◽  
Huan Gao ◽  
...  

Abstract Wnt4 (Wingless-type MMTV integration site family member 4) has been demonstrated to play critical roles in a wide variety of biological processes, including embryonic development, cell proliferation, and differentiation in vertebrates, but its function in crustaceans is still not clear. In the present study, the full-length wnt4 cDNA sequence was cloned and characterized for the ridgetail white prawn Exopalaemon carinicauda. The expression patterns of the wnt4 mRNA in embryos and larvae at different stages were investigated. The tissue distribution showed that wnt4 was obviously expressed in eyestalk and hepatopancreas. During embryonic development, the wnt4 was highly expressed in all developmental stages except the zygote, two-cell stage, and late zoaea stage. The wnt4 mRNA was expressed in Z1-Z5 and post-larval stages. Taken together, the present study indicates that the wnt4 gene may be involved in the regulation of embryonic and larval development in the ridgetail white prawn.


Author(s):  
N.M. Monteiro ◽  
V.C. Almada ◽  
M.N. Vieira

The embryonic and larval development of the pipefish Nerophis lumbriciformis is described. The full development sequence lasted 30 d (at 14–15°C), being shortened to 25–26 d at higher temperatures (16–17°C), and hatching occurred throughout a 2–3 d period. Unlike species of the genus Syngnathus, the newly hatched larvae presented a functional mouth apparatus and the yolk sac completely absorbed.


2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Pablo Torres -Hernández ◽  
Paulina Cebada -Martínez ◽  
Diego A. Girón -Cruz ◽  
Germán I. Garrido -Fariña ◽  
Carlos A. Alvarez -González

A partir del desove inducido y la fertilización in vitro del huevo del mero piedrero Epinephilus labriformis se describe el desarrollo embrionario y el eleuteroembrión. La inducción a la maduración y desove se realizó con dos inyecciones de 700 UI GCH∙kg-1, se procedió a realizar el desove y fertilización in vitro. El huevo se colocó en incubadoras de 6 L, a 35 UPS y se cultivó a 23, 24, 25 y 27°C hasta la eclosión. Se realizó la descripción de los estadios de segmentación, gastrulación, nerula y hasta la eclosión del eleuteroembrión a 25ºC. Se reporta el promedio ± desviación estándar del diámetro de huevo, el diámetro de la gota de aceite, la longitud notocordial y la apertura de la boca. El huevo de E. labriformis es pelágico, con corión liso y con una sola gota de aceite en posición central. El diámetro del huevo fue 726.1 ± 18.4 μm y de la gota de aceite 135.5 ± 17 μm. En el cultivo a 25º C, la primera segmentación se observó a los 40 min, siendo la discoblástula evidente a tres horas despúes la fertilización. La nerula con vesículas ópticas, somitas bien definidos y con presencia de melanóforos a las 25 horas, eclosionando a las 27 horas posteriores a la fertilización. La longitud notocordal fue 1,327 ± 186.3 μm, diámetro de la gota de aceite de 131.3 ± 17.1 μm, longitud del saco vitelino de 526.2 ± 72.8 μm y su altura 359.6 ± 74.6. La ecuación que describe el tiempo de eclosión (Te) con respecto a la temperatura de incubación (Tinc) fue: Te=119.68–(3.5793xTinc), en el intervalo de 23 a 27°C. La descripción del desarrollo embrionario y del eleuteroembrión contribuye en el conocimiento biológico de la especie y en el desarrollo de metodologías para su reproducción controlada y cultivo larval. Embryonic development of the starry grouper Epinephelus labriformis (Jenyns, 1840) and description of its eleutheroembryo From the induced spawning and in vitro fertilization of the eggs of the starry grouper Epinephelus labriformis the embryonic development and the eleutheroembryo were described. The spawning induction was performed with two injections of 700 UI GCH∙kg-1 to carry out spawning and artificial fertilization. The viable eggs were placed in incubators of 6 L with 35 UPS and raised at 23, 24, 25, and 27 °C. A chronological description of segmentation stages, gastrulation, and nerula was made until hatching of the eleutheroembryo at 25°C. The average + standard deviation of the egg diameter and the diameter of oil drop from the eleutheroembryo were reported along with the notocordial length, yolk sac length, and diameter of the eleutheroembryo´s oil drop. The egg is pelagic, spherical, transparent, smooth chorion with only one oil drop in a central position. The average diameter of the eggs is 726.1 + 18.4 μm and 135.5 + 17 μm for the oil drop. At 25°C the first segmentation was observed after 40 minutes post fertilization and the discoblastula is evident at 3 hours post fertilization. The nerula with optical vesicles, well-defined somites, and the presence of melanophores was observed at 25 hours. Eggs hatched at 27 hours post fertilization. The notochord average length of the eleuteroembryo was 1,327 + 186.3 μm, the diameter of the oil drop is 131.3 + 17.1 μm. The length of the yolk sac is 526.2 + 72.8 μm and its height is 359.6 + 74.6 μm. The equation that describes hatching time (Te) with respect to the temperature (Tinc) was: Te = 119.68 – (3.5793 x Tinc) in an interval of 23°C to 27°C (n=8; r2=0.8631; p=0.0008). The description of the embryonic development and eleutheroembryo contribute to the biological knowledge of the species and the development of methods the controlled reproduction and larviculture of E. labriformis.


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