scholarly journals Toxicity of Four Plant Based Products Against Three Stored Product Pests

1970 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 149-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debashish Talukder ◽  
LA Muslima Khanam
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Petroleum Ether Extract ◽  
Sitophilus Oryzae ◽  
Callosobruchus Chinensis ◽  
Acorus Calamus ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Stored Product Pests

Context: Plant essential oil play an important role in stored product pests protection. Emulsified oil can easily mix with water and also revealed the same insecticidal activity as essential oil of plants that could be used in store as well as in the field as an alternative synthetic insecticide. Objectives: The objective of this study is to investigate the efficacy of emulsified petroleum ether extract of Acorus calamus L. rhizome alone and three other combination of plant materials against three stored product pests, viz. Callosobruchus chinensis L., Sitophilus oryzae (L.) and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) in adult phase in laboratories condition. Materials and method: Petroleum ether extract of different plant parts were emulsified. The emulsified products were A. calamus rhizome alone, A. calamus + Corchorus capsularis L. seed, A. calamus + Thevetia neriifolia Juss. seed and A. calamus + Zingiber cassumunar Roxb. rhizome. The residual film technique method was conducted to determine the LC50 value of above mentioned plant extract against three stored product pests. Results: Noticeable mortality was noted for all species after 24 and 48 hours of the treatment with the emulsified products, although highest mortality of C. chinensis was observed with A. calamus alone after 24 hours but it varied at 48 hours where the A. calamus + T. neriifolia showed the most effective result. The LC50 values of A. calamus alone products were 13.30 and 6.59 µgcm-1 and for A. calamus + T. neriifolia were 18.37 and 4.45 µgcm-1 against C. chinensis adults after 24 and 48 hours treatment respectively. A. calamus + T. neriifolia products showed the lowest LC50 values (43.27 µgcm-1) against Sitophilus oryzae at 24 hours treatment but it varied at 48 hours where A. calamus (L.) alone (13.72 µgcm-1) was found to be the most effective toxicant. A. calamus alone showed the lowest LC50 values (166.78 and 123.55 µgcm-1) against T. castaneum adults after 24 and 48 hours treatment.Conclusion: Use of plants in controlling insect infestation would offer desirable solutions, especially in developing tropical countries, where plants are found in abundance everywhere, throughout the year.Key words: Plant extract; Contact toxicity; Callosobruchus chinensis; Sitophilus oryzae; Tribolium castaneum.DOI: 10.3329/jbs.v17i0.7124J. bio-sci. 17: 149-153, 2009

scholarly journals Comparative evaluation of antibacterial activity of solvent fractions and essential oil of Cyperus rotundus L. rhizomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 162-165
Author(s):  
Thuvaragan S ◽  
◽  
Nishadini NVC ◽  
Gnanakarunyan T ◽  
Srikaran R ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Petroleum Ether Extract ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Significant Difference

Cyperus rotundus L. belongs to the family Cyperaceae. It is used to treat constipation, stomach disorders, dysmenorrhea, skin diseases, wounds, leprosy, fever, etc., in indigenous medicine. Also, they are used to treat itchy pus-filled pimples in Sri Lanka. This study aimed to evaluate in vitro antibacterial activity of different solvent fractions and essential oil of Cyperus rotundus L. rhizomes. Soxhlet apparatus was used to obtain the methanolic and petroleum ether extracts from rhizomes, and essential oil was extracted using steam distillation. The antibacterial activity of extracts and essential oils was determined against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using the agar disc diffusion method. The activity was compared with Gentamycin as standard. The activity of extracts and essential oil were compared with one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett's test. The results showed that both extracts and essential oil of Cyperus rotundus L. rhizomes showed a statistically significant difference in antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa compare to the standard drug, Gentamycin. The essential oil of Cyperus rotundus L. rhizomes showed comparatively higher antibacterial activity than extracts. Staphylococcus aureus was more susceptible to methanolic extract and essential oil than petroleum ether extract. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was more susceptible to essential oil and petroleum ether extract than methanol extract. Cyperus rotundus L. rhizomes possess good antibacterial activity, and further studies are required to isolate active phytochemicals and screen for antimicrobial activity

CHEMICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE CORMS OF ARISAEMA TRIPHYLLUM (L.) SCHOTT

1934 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-169
Author(s):  
Léo Marion
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Petroleum Ether Extract ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Chemical Investigation ◽  
Crystalline Substance ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Arisaema Triphyllum

The dried and ground corms lost 5% of their weight when extracted with petroleum ether, and a further 0.9% on subsequent extraction with methanol. Besides a trace of an essential oil, the methanol extract yielded water-soluble and water-insoluble portions. The former contained an acid, C5H8O5, m.p. 184 °C.; i-inositol, C6H6(OH)6, m.p. 224 °C.; a sugar forming phenylglucosazone; and a crystalline substance, (C6H10O6 or C7H12O7), m.p. 120 °C., exhibiting the properties of a lactone. In the water-insoluble portion combined with the petroleum ether extract, the following substances have been found present: myricyl alcohol, C30H62O, m.p. 82–83 °C.; a new sterol, arisaesterol, C36H64O2, m.p. 135 °C.; phytosterolin, C31H52O6, m.p. 297 °C.; and a mixture of fatty acids.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Action of White Mulberry Extracts against Three Important Stored Grain Pests

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-366
Author(s):  
Z. R. Sabuj ◽  
A. Khatun ◽  
M. Abdullah ◽  
D. M. Badruddoza ◽  
H. Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Sitophilus Oryzae ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Callosobruchus Chinensis ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Stored Grain ◽  
Chcl3 Extract ◽  
Stored Grain Pests ◽  
White Mulberry

Petroleum ether (Pet. ether), CHCl3 and CH3OH extracts of white mulberry were subjected to dose-mortality tests against Callosobruchus chinensis (L.), Sitophilus oryzae (L.) and Tribolium castaneum (Hbst.). Pet. ether extract of  leaves against C. chinensis, S. oryzae and T. castaneum provided LD50 9.16, 5.06, 3.79, 2.81, 2.06, 1.55, 1.32, 1.38 mg/g; 17.6, 12.9, 11.3, 82.4, 83.5, 9.47, 8.73, 8.61 mg/g and 0.93, 0.826, 0.691, 0.623, 0.567, 0.532, 0.525 mg/cm2 after 0.5, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72 h of exposures respectively. Against C. chinensis Pet. ether extract of root and stem bark gave LD50 28.3, 20.7, 18.4, 16.9, 14.4, 13.6, 13.3, 13.3 mg/g and 86.3, 228.9, 177, 109, 61.0, 21.8, 0.999, 15 mg/g after 0.5, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72 h of exposures respectively. CH3OH extracts of leaves offered LD50 21.5, 20.4, 17, 16.2, 15.6, 14.7 mg/g against C. chinensis; 5.4, 14.7, 13.7, 11, 10.9, 9.46, 9.10 mg/g against S. oryzae; and 3.804, 3.429, 3.284, 2.736, 2.441, 2.311, 2.264 mg/cm2 against T. castaneum after 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72 h of exposures respectively. Against S. oryzae CH3OH extract of root and CHCl3 of stem bark gave LD50 19.5, 19.1, 17.5, 16.7, 16.2, 15.8, 15.9 mg/g and 9.77, 9.44, 7.71, 6.56, 5.94, 5.39, 5.4 mg/g after 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72 h of exposures respectively. However, CHCl3 extract of leaves and root didn’t show mortality.

scholarly journals PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND TO EVALUATE THE ANTI-MICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF HYDRO-ALCOHOLIC and PETROLEUM ETHER EXTRACT OF JASMINE ROOT (NYCTANTHES ARBOUR-TRISTIS). (FAMILY-NYCTAGINACEAE)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Abdul Samim ◽  
Sumit Das
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Petroleum Ether Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents

Objective: To estimate the anti-microbial activity of hydro-alcoholic (methanol) and petroleum ether extract of Nyctanthes arbour-tristis (family-Nyctaginaceae) in conjugation with phytochemical screening.Methods: The hydro-alcoholic and petroleum ether extract of the whole root part of the plant Nyctanthes arbour-tristis (family-Nyctaginaceae) was prepared and studied for phytochemical constituents by using various standard methods. The antimicrobial activity of plant extract was performed on two bacterial strains and one fungal strain using disc diffusion method.Results: The present study shows the phytochemical analysis, antimicrobial activity of the hydro-alcoholic and petroleum ether extract of the root of Nyctanthes arbour-tristis. Various phytochemical analyses revealed the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, tannin, phenol, terpenoids, glycosides, saponins respectively. The anti-microbial activity of the plant extract showed significant results against all three of the test organisms.Conclusion: The present study concluded that the hydro-alcoholic and petroleum ether extract of the root of Nyctanthes arbour-tristis (night flowering jasmine) contains the highly presence of Phytochemical constituents. The hydro-alcoholic and petroleum ether extract of the plant was found to possess promising antimicrobial activity when compared with the standards.

scholarly journals Toxicity of some Indigenous Plant Extracts against Tribolium confusum Duval

1970 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 133-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Mahfuz ◽  
LAM Khanam
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Toxic Effect ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Petroleum Ether Extract ◽  
Datura Stramonium ◽  
Tribolium Confusum ◽  
Acorus Calamus ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Corchorus Capsularis ◽  
Indigenous Plant

The efficacy of seven different plant extracts viz. Acorus calamus rhizome, leaves of Datura fastuosa, Datura stramonium and seeds of D. stramonium, Corchorus capsularis, Aphanamixis polystachea and Jatropha curcas on Tribolium confusum adult was studied. Dose mortality experiments were conducted with three solvent (petroleum ether, acetone and methanol) extracts separately but J. curcas seed was tested with petroleum ether extract only. Among three solvents, petroleum ether extract exhibited piquant toxic effect against the beetle at all the intervals although D. fastuosa leaf produces no mortality at 24 hours of treatment. Acetone extract of A. calamus rhizome, D. fastuosa leaf, D. stramonium seed and C. capsularis seed produced mortality at all the intervals but D. stramonium leaf and A. polystachea seed did not show any toxic effect. Methanol extract of C. capsularis seed showed toxicity at all the duration. Key words: Toxic effect, plant extracts, Tribolium confusum.   doi: 10.3329/jbs.v15i0.2153 J. bio-sci. 15: 133-138, 2007

scholarly journals Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil and Petroleum Ether Extract from Korea Pine Needle Leaves of Cedrus deodara

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 3029-3032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ill-Min Chung ◽  
Jung -Dae Lim ◽  
Bo-Ra Yu ◽  
Seung-Hyun Kim ◽  
Ateeque Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Petroleum Ether Extract ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Pine Needle ◽  
Cedrus Deodara

Antioxidant lignans from petroleum ether extract of Schisandra chinensis

Planta Medica ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Slanina ◽  
L Bøezinová ◽  
H Paulová ◽  
O Humpa
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Petroleum Ether Extract ◽  
Schisandra Chinensis ◽  
Ether Extract

The struggle with rheumatism through Dracunculus vulgaris Schott: In the light of ethnobotanical information.

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma Tuğçe Gürağaç Dereli ◽  
Mert Ilhan ◽  
Esra Küpeli Akkol
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Petroleum Ether Extract ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Test Models ◽  
Mouse Ear ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Abdominal Constriction

Background: The fruits with the seeds of Dracunculus vulgaris Schott. (Araceae) are used against inflammatory diseases in Turkey. Objective: Present study was designed to justify this folkloric usage type of the plant. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of D. vulgaris. Methods: Petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts were prepared from the fruits, successively. Carrageenan-, serotonin-, and prostaglandin E2-induced hind paw edema; acetic acid–induced capillary permeability and 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate–induced mouse ear edema models were used to assess the antiinflammatory activity of the extracts. The analgesic activity was experienced by using p-benzoquinone-induced abdominal constriction test. Results: The petroleum ether extract displayed the highest activities in all of the used test models compared with the control group. Therefore, the constituents of this extract were determined by using gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy (GC–MS). Linoleic acid was found to be major constituent of the petroleum ether extract of D. vulgaris. Conclusion: This study has provided some justification for the folkloric use of the plant.

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