scholarly journals Comparative evaluation of antibacterial activity of solvent fractions and essential oil of Cyperus rotundus L. rhizomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 162-165
Author(s):  
Thuvaragan S ◽  
◽  
Nishadini NVC ◽  
Gnanakarunyan T ◽  
Srikaran R ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Petroleum Ether Extract ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Significant Difference

Cyperus rotundus L. belongs to the family Cyperaceae. It is used to treat constipation, stomach disorders, dysmenorrhea, skin diseases, wounds, leprosy, fever, etc., in indigenous medicine. Also, they are used to treat itchy pus-filled pimples in Sri Lanka. This study aimed to evaluate in vitro antibacterial activity of different solvent fractions and essential oil of Cyperus rotundus L. rhizomes. Soxhlet apparatus was used to obtain the methanolic and petroleum ether extracts from rhizomes, and essential oil was extracted using steam distillation. The antibacterial activity of extracts and essential oils was determined against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using the agar disc diffusion method. The activity was compared with Gentamycin as standard. The activity of extracts and essential oil were compared with one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett's test. The results showed that both extracts and essential oil of Cyperus rotundus L. rhizomes showed a statistically significant difference in antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa compare to the standard drug, Gentamycin. The essential oil of Cyperus rotundus L. rhizomes showed comparatively higher antibacterial activity than extracts. Staphylococcus aureus was more susceptible to methanolic extract and essential oil than petroleum ether extract. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was more susceptible to essential oil and petroleum ether extract than methanol extract. Cyperus rotundus L. rhizomes possess good antibacterial activity, and further studies are required to isolate active phytochemicals and screen for antimicrobial activity

scholarly journals ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY AND PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF MANGIFERA INDICA ETHANOL AND AQUEOUS LEAVES EXTRACT AGAINST PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA AND STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 262-269
Author(s):  
M. A. Garga ◽  
U. M. Garasin ◽  
M. Abdullahi ◽  
B. A. Muhammed ◽  
A. Yakubu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Zones Of Inhibition ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

The aim of this research is to investigate the antibacterial activity and identify the phytochemical constituents of Mangifera indica leafs on Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus using disc diffusion method. The sample was collected fresh from the premises of Bioresources Development Center (BIODEC), Katsina, Katsina State and was dried and pounded into powder. The powdered leaves were extracted using ethanol and aqueous solvents. Various concentrations ranging from 500mg to 62.5mg were prepared. Test isolates were obtained from the Microbiology laboratory, Umaru Musa Yar’adua University Katsina (UMYUK) and were further authenticated using Gram staining and biochemical test. The bacterial inoculums were standardized to McFarland scale 0.5. Zones of inhibition were read after 24 hours at 370C. The results of the antibacterial study revealed that the ethanolic leaves extracts at 500mg/ml had effect on P. aeruginosa and S. aureus with zones of inhibition of 12mm and 6mm respectively. The results of the phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, saponins, alkaloids and phenols where only alkaloids was found to be absent in the aqueous extract. There is no significant difference between the solvents and various concentrations used base on t-test data analysis.

scholarly journals FORMULASI SEDIAAN SABUN CAIR ANTIBAKTERI MINYAK ATSIRI DAUN KEMANGI (Ocimumamericanum L.) DAN UJI TERHADAP BAKTERI Staphylococcus epidermidis dan Staphylococcus aureus

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Febry Astuti Abu ◽  
Yusriadi Yusriadi ◽  
Muhammad Rinaldhi Tandah
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Liquid Soap ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Stability

Basil (Ocimum americanum L.) is a plant that has antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis that is a bacteria can cause infection. Basil contains essential oils that act as an antibacterial. This research aims to formulate the essential oil of basil leaves into a liquid soap, determine antibacterial activity against S.aureus and S.epidermidis bacteria with the agar diffusion method using wells and determine the stability of the preparation. Antibacterial activity data that gain was analyzed by one-way ANOVA with a level of trust 95% followed by Duncan test. The results of the research showed basil essential oil liquid soap preparation has antibacterial activity. The analysis results showed that there were significant differences in the concentration of 2%, 3%, 4%, and the Duncan test results showed no significant difference between the concentration of 4% with control (+). The results of the t-student analysis of liquid soap include viscosity, pH and dispersive capacity does not fill the parameters of stability during the storage period of 28 days

Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils of Three Medicinal Plants from Algerian Semi-Arid Climatic Zone

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (S1) ◽  
pp. S155-S163 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mehalaine ◽  
O. Belfadel ◽  
T. Menasria ◽  
A. Messaili
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽  
Salvia Officinalis ◽  
Thymus Algeriensis

The present study was carried out to determine, for the first time, the chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oils derived from the aerial parts of three aromatic plants Thymus algeriensis Boiss & Reut, Rosmarinus officinalis L., and Salvia officinalis L. growing under semiarid conditions. The essential oils were chemically analyzed and identified by gas chromatography (GC) and GC/ mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and their antimicrobial activity was individually evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using both agar disk diffusion and agar dilution methods. The major constituents of Thymus algeriensis essential oil were identified as camphor (13.62%), 1,8-cineol (6.00%), borneol (5.74%), viridiflorol (4.00%), and linalool (3.93%). For Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil, 48 compounds were characterized, of which the main constituents were camphor (17.09%), Z-β-ocimene (10.88%), isoborneol (9.68%), α-bisabolol (7.89%), and borneol (5.11%). While, Salvia officinalis essential oil was characterized by β-thujone (16.44%), followed by viridiflorol (10.93%), camphor (8.99%), 1,8-cineol (8.11%), trans-caryophyllene (5.85%), and α-humulene (4.69%) as the major components. Notably, results from antibacterial screening indicated that Thymus algeriensis and Salvia officinalis essential oils exhibited a strong inhibitory effect against both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus compared to Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil. Further, less activity was recorded against Pseudomonas aeruginosa for the three tested essential oils.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of the Essential Oil of Espeletia nana

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1200700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis Peña ◽  
Luis Rojas ◽  
Rosa Aparicio ◽  
Libia Alarcón ◽  
José Gregorio Baptista ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

The essential oil of the leaves of Espeletia nana Cuatrec, obtained by hydrodistillation, was analyzed by GC-MS, which allowed the identification of 24 components, which made up 99.9% of the oil. The most abundant compounds were α-pinene (38.1%), β-pinene (17.2%), myrcene (15.0%), spathulenol (4.2%), bicyclogermacrene (4.0%), α-zingiberene (4.0%), and γhimachalene (3.7%). Antibacterial activity was tested against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria using the agar disk diffusion method. Activity was observed only against Gram-positive bacteria. MIC values were determined for Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923(200 μg/mL) and Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 (600 μg/mL).

scholarly journals ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF PIMENTA DIOICA (L.) MERRIL AN AROMATIC MEDICINAL TREE

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akhilesh Bhat ◽  
Raveesha K. A.
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Petroleum Ether Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Microsporum Canis ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Rf Values ◽  
Pimenta Dioica

<p><strong>Objective</strong>:<strong> </strong>To assess the antifungal activities of the extracts of leaves of <em>Pimenta dioica</em> against human pathogenic fungi and identify the class of phytochemical responsible for the biological activity.</p><p><strong>Methods</strong>:<strong> </strong>The shade dried, and powdered leaves of <em>Pimenta dioica</em> were subjected to polarity based solvent extraction by soaking. The extracts were dried in a rotary flash evaporator and subjected to antifungal activity assay against <em>Candida albicans</em>, <em>Microsporum canis </em>and<em> M. gypseum</em>, by disc diffusion method. Antifungal active petroleum ether extract was subjected to phytochemical analysis to identify the active compound. The extract was then subjected to Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and Bioautography, by agar overlay method. The fractions were collected by Preparative TLC method and subjected to antifungal activity assay by disc diffusion method. Further, the Libermann-Burchard test was conducted to detect the broad group of compounds responsible for the bioactivity.</p><p><strong>Results</strong>:<strong> </strong>Among the five extracts viz. petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol and aqueous, the petroleum ether extract showed significant antifungal activity against <em>Microsporum canis</em> (50 mm), <em>Microsporum gypseum</em> (60 mm) and <em>Candida albicans</em> (23 mm). Terpenoids, tannins and flavonoids were found to be the chief constituents of the petroleum ether extract. The TLC of the extract revealed 7 spots with the Rf values 0.37, 0.42, 0.45, 0.52, 0.59, 0.76, 0.96 with the solvent system of hexane and acetone (1:0.5). The bioautography assay revealed inhibitory activity in the spots at Rf values 0.52 and 0.59. These fractions obtained by preparative TLC also confirmed the same. The phytochemical analysis of the fractions on the TLC plate suggests that the compound is triterpene or steroid.</p><p><strong>Conclusion</strong>:<strong> </strong>The antifungal activity of <em>Pimenta dioica</em> and the bioactive phytochemical has been reported in the present study. Preliminary phytochemical analysis has indicated that the compounds are triterpenes or steroids. The results indicate that the active compounds are potential lead molecules for new antifungal drugs in the management of infectious fungi.</p>

scholarly journals Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity of Erbium(III) Complexes of C-3 Substituted 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthalenedione-1-oxime Derivatives

2001 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. B. Jagtap ◽  
N. N. Patil ◽  
B. P. Kapadnis ◽  
B. A. Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Magnetic Susceptibility ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Oxime Derivatives

Erbium(III) complexes of 2-hydroxy-l,4-naphthalenedione-1-oxime and its C-3 substituted derivatives are synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, infrared spectroscopy, magnetic susceptibility measurements 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthalenedione-1-oxime derivatives are analysed using H1 and C13 NMR spectroscopy. The molecular composition of the synthesized complexes is found to be [ML3(H2O)2]. The antimicrobial activity of these complexes is determined by well diffusion method against the target microorganisms- Staphylococcus aureus, Xanthomonas campestris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger. The antimicrobial activities of 2- hydroxy-1,4-naphthalenedione-1-oximes and their complexes are compared. It is observed that 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthalenedione-l-oximes exhibit higher antifungal activity as compared to antibacterial activity. These activities are reduced upon complexation of these oximes with Erbium.

scholarly journals UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL RIMPANG KUNYIT (Curcuma longa L.) TERHADAP Staphylococcus aureus DAN Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 278-287
Author(s):  
Lia Fikayuniar ◽  
Neni Sri Gunarti ◽  
Mellya Apriliani
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Paper Disk

ABSTRAK Kunyit (Curcuma longa L.) merupakan salah satu jenis tanaman obat yang termasuk dalam keluarga Zingiberaceae. Senyawa aktif yang terkandung dalam rimpang kunyit (Curcuma longa L.) mampu bekerja sebagai antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri dari ekstrak etanol rimpang kunyit (Curcuma longa L.) terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan cara refluks menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan menggunakan metode difusi paper disk dengan masing-masing konsentrasi ekstrak 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% b/v. Kontrol positif yang digunakan adalah Ciprofloxacin sedangkan kontrol negatif yang digunakan adalah DMSO. Hasil skrining fitokimia ekstrak etanol rimpang kunyit mengandung alkaloid, flavonoid, fenol, tanin dan terpenoid. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, ekstrak etanol rimpang kunyit dapat menghambat bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa pada konsentrasi 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% dan konsentrasi 40% merupakan konsentrasi yang memberikan diameter zona hambat terbesar terhadap kedua bakteri uji yaitu 8,63 mm dan 7,8 mm. Kata Kunci : aktivitas antibakteri, Curcuma longa L., Staphylococcus aureus,    ABSTRACT Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) is one type of medicinal plant that belongs to the Zingiberaceae family. The active compounds contained in the Curcuma longa L. rhizome can work as antibacterial. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of the ethanol extract of Curcuma longa L. Antibacterial activity testing was carried out using the paper disk diffusion method with each extract concentration of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%. The positive control used was Ciprofloxacin while the negative control used was DMSO. The results of phytochemical screening of the ethanol extract of Curcuma longa L. rhizome contain alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins and terpenoids. Based on the results of the study, the ethanol extract of turmeric rhizome can inhibit Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria at concentrations of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 40% concentrations which give the largest inhibition zone diameter of the two test bacteria which is 8.63 mm and 7.8 mm. Keywords: antibacterial activity, Curcuma longa L., Staphylococcus aureus,  

scholarly journals CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF THE ESSENTIAL OIL OF THE Toona sureni (Blume) Merr

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
M. Taufik Ekaprasada ◽  
Hazli Nurdin ◽  
Sanusi Ibrahim ◽  
Dachriyanus
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Germacrene D ◽  
Total Oil

 ABSTRACT The essential oil composition of the Toona sureni (Blume) Merr leaf was analyzed by GC-MS. More than 68 peaks, representing 99.99% of total oil, forty three components were identified, this represents 80.65% of the total oil component. The major components were α-terpinene (9.58%), α-copaene (8.39%), bicyclogermacrene (7.61%), δ-cadinene (6.65%), β-elemene (4.88%), germacrene-D (4.65%), δ-selinene (3.58%), caralene (3.10%), β-caryophyllene (2.88%), α-cubebene (2.82%), δ-gurjunene (2.20%), and (-)-isoledene (2.05%). The antibacterial activity of the essential oil of Toona sureni (Blume) Merr leaf was evaluated using disk diffusion method. The oil was effective on the inactivation of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis. Keywords: Toona sureni (Blume) Merr, antibacterial activity, GC-MS, essential oil

scholarly journals UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI DAUN JERUK KALAMANSI (Citrofortunella microcarpa) TERHADAP BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus DAN Escherichia coli

Alotrop ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deza Oktasila ◽  
Nurhamidah Nurhamidah ◽  
Dewi Handayani
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Citrus Leaves ◽  
Escherichia Coli Bacteria

This study aims to examine the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract and essential oil of Kalamansi citrus leaves (Citrofortunella microcarpa) against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. The raw material of Kalamansi citrus leaves is obtained from the Village of Pondok Kubang, Bengkulu Tengah (3.70060S, 102.35780E). Ethanol extract from Kalamansi citrus leaves was obtained by maceration using ethanol 96%, then ethanol extract was made dilution concentration 40 ; 20; , 10; and 5%. The essential oil of Kalamansi citrus leaves is obtained by water-vapor distillation, then made variations of concentration 20;, 15;, 10;  and 5%. The method used to test the antibacterial activity is the paper disc diffusion method , the antibacterial activity is shown by the diameter of the inhibiting  zone formed. The data of antibacterial test result were analyzed by using One Way Anova test which showed the effect of treatment on the growth of test bacteria seen from the value (P <0,01) and continued by Duncan test to know the effect of the treatment. The results showed that ethanol extract of Kalamansi citrus leaves had antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli bacteria with moderate inhibitory diameter is  7.20 and 5.73 mm at concentration 40%, while antibacterial activity on essential oil of Kalamansi citrus leaves is categorized as strong with inhibition zone diameter is 14.83 and 13.00 mm at concentration 20%.

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