scholarly journals Potentiation of Synedrella nodiflora L. For Insecticidal Activity, Insect Repellency and Brine Shrimp Lethality in the Laboratory Conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 79-82
Author(s):  
Moniruzzaman Mohammad Abdullah ◽  
Nurul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Petroleum Ether Extract ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Chcl3 Extract ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay ◽  
Synedrella Nodiflora

The insecticidal activity, insect repellency and brine shrimp lethality tests of three solvent extracts of Synedrella nodiflora L. were assessed against the adults of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) under laboratory conditions. The methanol extract found most effective (LD50 1.229, 0.823 and 0.569mg cm-2 for 24, 36 and 48h of exposure respectively) followed by the chloroform extract (LD50 3.042, 2.773, 2.456 and 2.233mg cm-2 for 12, 24, 36 and 48h of exposure respectively) and petroleum ether extract (LD50 8.416, 4.764, 3.677, 3.392 and 3.177mg cm-2 for 12, 24, 36, 48 and 60h exposure respectively). The CHCl3 and MeOH extracts showed repellent activity against T. castaneum adults at P<0.05 and P<0.01 levels of significance, while the Pet. E. extract did not show any repellency. The similar extracts responded through brine shrimp lethality assay and the Pet. E. extract found most effective (LC50 321.182, 248.151, 182.196 and 140.866ppm) followed by the MeOH extract (LC50 428.356, 72.401, 68.397 and 22.161ppm for 12, 18, 24 and 30h of exposure respectively) and the CHCl3 extract (LC50 669.875, 416.605, 288.226 and 248.325ppm). The results show the potential of using the S. nodiflora extracts for T. castaneum suppression. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jles.v7i0.20125 J. Life Earth Sci., Vol. 7: 79-82, 2012

scholarly journals Antioxidant, Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Activity of the Methanol Extract of Urtica Crenulata

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-177
Author(s):  
M. A. Rahman ◽  
M. S. Rana ◽  
M. M. Zaman ◽  
S. A. Uddin ◽  
R. Akter
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay ◽  
Stem Extract

The antioxidant, antibacterial and cytotoxic properties of methanol extract of Urtica crenulata (syn: Laportea crenulata Gaud) stem has been investigated in the present study. The antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of the Urtica crenulata methanol extract were assessed by DPPH free radical scavenging method and brine shrimp lethality bioassay method, respectively. The antibacterial activity of the plant extract (500 μg/disc) was also carried out by disc diffusion technique. Stem extract showed DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging effect compared with ascorbic acid. IC50 value of ascorbic acid and stem extract was found 14.72 μg/ml and 1468.9 μg/ml, respectively. In antibacterial experiment, Urtica crenulata stem extract showed 8, 14 and 10 mm of diameter of zone inhibition against Salmonella typhi, Shigella flexneri and Shigella sonnei, respectively and 9 and 8 mm of diameter of zone inhibition against Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cereus but no activity was observed against Staphylococcus aureus. In brine shrimp lethality assay, the LC50 value of the extract was found 104.0 μg/ml, which indicates that the extract has high cytoxic effect. The present study demonstrates that methanol extract of Urtica crenulata stem has significant cytotoxic effect. The extract also showed some moderate antibacterial and minimum significant antioxidant effects.  Keywords: Urtica crenulata;  Antioxidant; Antibacterial; Cytotoxic; BHT. © 2010 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v2i1.2872             J. Sci. Res. 2 (1), 169-177 (2010) 

scholarly journals In Vitro Anticancer MCF-7, Anti-Inflammatory, and Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay (BSLA) and GC-MS Analysis of Whole Plant Butanol Fraction of Rheum ribes (WBFRR)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jahangir Khan Achakzai ◽  
Muhammad Anwar Panezai ◽  
Muhammad Ayub Kakar ◽  
Abdul Manan Kakar ◽  
Shahabuddin Kakar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Aqueous Fraction ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Butanol Fraction ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Mcf 7

In this study, GC-MS analysis has shown that whole plant butanol fraction of rheum ribes (WBFRR) comprises of 21 compounds which exhibited anticancer (MCF-7) activity having IC50 value of 36.01± 0.26. MTT assay (MCF-7), Oxidative Burst assay using chemiluminescence technique, and B-Hatching techniques were the methods used for anticancer MCF-7, anti-inflammatory, and Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay (BSLA). GC-MS was used for structural elucidation. Whole plant methanol extract of rheum ribes (WMERR), whole plant n-hexane fraction of rheum ribes (WHFRR), and whole plant aqueous fraction of rheum ribes (WAFRR) were inactive against anticancer (MCF-7) cell line. Whole plant methanol extract of rheum ribes (WMERR), whole plant aqueous fraction of rheum ribes (WAFRR) and whole plant butanol fraction of rheum ribes (WBFRR) showed anti-inflammatory activity on ROS having IC50 value of 23.2±1.9, 24.2±2.7 and 12.0±0.6. Whole plant butanol fraction of rheum ribes (WBFRR) showed Brine Shrimp Lethality with LD50 693.302 while whole plant methanol extract of rheum ribes (WMERR) and whole plant aqueous fraction of rheum ribes (WAFRR) showed high lethality at highest concentration. This study revealed that whole plant butanol fraction of rheum ribes (WBFRR) exhibited significant anticancer (MCF-7) activity. In the near future, the constituent of whole plant butanol fraction of rheum ribes (WBFRR) can be the alternative drug against MCF-7 cell line with least toxicity and side effects.

scholarly journals Potent antibacterial, antioxidant and toxic activities of extracts from Passiflora suberosa L. leaves

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e4804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumudu R.V. Bandara ◽  
Chayanika Padumadasa ◽  
Dinithi C. Peiris
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay

Passiflora suberosa L. belonging to the family Passifloraceae is an important medicinal plant used in traditional medicinal system in Sri Lanka to treat diabetes, hypertension and skin diseases. We extracted P. suberosa leaves under reflux conditions using different solvents (hexane, chloroform, methanol and water), then subjected to phytochemical screening. Alkaloids, flavonoids and saponins and saponins and anthraquinones were present in hexane and chloroform extracts. Alkaloids, unsaturated sterols, triterpenes, saponins, flavonoids and tannins were observed in both methanol and aqueous extracts. Proanthocyanidins were observed only in the aqueous extract. Hence, aqueous and methanol extracts with most classes of phytochemicals present were subjected to antimicrobial, antioxidant, antihaemolytic activities and Brine shrimp lethality studies. Antibacterial activity and minimum inhibition concentrations were evaluated using three Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecium) and three Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudumonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimuriam and Escherichia coli). The results indicated that only the methanol extract of P. suberosa exhibited antibacterial activities against all the strains of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial with stronger activity against Gram-negative bacteria. DPHH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazy) scavenging assay was adopted to evaluate antioxidant properties while antihaemolytic and toxic activities were studied respectively using cow blood and Brine shrimp lethality assay. The IC50 values of the aqueous extract in both antioxidant and antihaemolytic assays were significantly lower than the standard ascorbic acid. Similar results were observed in the Brine shrimp lethality assay. In conclusion both aqueous and methanol extracts of P. suberosa leaves showed the presence of majority of phytochemicals including proanthocyanidins. Antibacterial activity was obtained only for methanol extract with better activity against Gram-negative bacteria. The aqueous extract showed better antioxidant, antihaemolytic and toxic activities than the methanol extract and their respective standards. Further investigations on the chemical composition and possible isolation of active ingredients is warranted.

scholarly journals Phytochemical analysis and cytotoxicity evaluation of flowering buds of Bauhinia variegata L.

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-36
Author(s):  
Anham Shahid Abbasi ◽  
Qazi Najam-Us-Saqib ◽  
Atta-Ur-Rehman ◽  
Nisar-Ur-Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay ◽  
Bauhinia Variegata ◽  
Cytotoxic Studies

Summary Introduction: Bauhinia variegata is used in traditional medicine in Pakistan. Objective: The present study was designated to analyze phytochemical screening and cytotoxicity assay of crude aqueous and methanol extracts of flowering buds of Bauhinia variegata. Methods: Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical screening of both extracts were performed by using standard protocols while brine shrimp lethality assay was conducted for cytotoxicity analysis of both extracts. Results: The highest levels of phenolics, flavonoids and terpenoids were observed in methanol extract with respective standard drugs. The aminoacid content was highest followed by phenol and flavonoids in crude aqueous extract of the raw materials. In cytotoxic studies (brine shrimp lethality assay) the use of methanol extract was reported as potent with LD50 of 241.778 µg/ml as compared to aqueous extract with LD50 of 489.7061 µg/ml. Conclusion: This study reveals that the presence of bioactive compounds in both extracts are responsible for the treatment of various ailments and being utilized by the traditional folks as a food as well. And showed that methanol extract possess cytotoxic activity and thus needs further scientific intervention for its value addition.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Biological Activities of Evolvulus Nummularius L. through Insecticidal, Insect Repellency and Brine Shrimp Lethality Tests

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 101-104
Author(s):  
Md Moniruzzaman ◽  
Nayeema Parvin ◽  
Sabina Sultana ◽  
Mohammad Abdullah ◽  
Ataur Rahman Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Meoh Extract ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Chcl3 Extract ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay

Assessment of Evolvulus nummularius L. through whole plant extracts (collected in petroleum ether [Pet.E.], chloroform [CHCl3] and methanol [MeOH]) were made against Tribolium castaneum (Hbst.) for insecticidal and insect repellency and against Artemia salina L. for brine shrimp lethality, and the results were promising. The LC50 values against T. castaneum adults for Pet.E. extract were 1.280, 1.220, 1.096 and 1.030?g cm-2; for CHCl3 extract 3.249, 2.990, 2.526 and 2.204?g cm-2; and for MeOH extract 2.925, 1.899, 1.875 and 1.789?g cm-2, respectively for 12, 24, 36 and 48h of exposure. The intensity of activity could be arranged in a descending order: Pet.E. extract> MeOH extract> CHCl3 extract. For repellency, CHCl3 and MeOH extracts offered moderate activity (P <0.01), but the Pet.E. extract did not show efficacy against the beetles. The same extracts responded positively in brine shrimp lethality assay where the LC50 values for Pet.E. extract were 141.553, 98.941, 24.684 and 8.560ppm; for CHCl3 extracts 699.048, 366.663, 326.0039 and 40.114ppm; and for MeOH extracts 2336.982, 1258.605, 355.962 and 137.0589ppm respectively for 12, 18, 24 and 30h of exposure. However, the intensity of activity could be arranged in a descending order: Pet.E. extract> CHCl3 extract> MeOH extract. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jles.v8i0.20153 J. Life Earth Sci., Vol. 8: 101-104, 2013

scholarly journals Steroids from the Leave of Persicaria perfoliata (L.) H. Gross

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-227
Author(s):  
Md Sagar Hossain ◽  
NM Mofiz Uddin Khan ◽  
Md Saiful Quddus ◽  
AM Sarwaruddin Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Antimicrobial Screening ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Persicaria Perfoliata ◽  
Test Organisms

β-sitosterol (1) and β-sitosterol-D-glucoside (2) were isolated from the dichloromethane soluble fraction of a methanol extract of the leave of Persicaria perfoliata. The crude fraction was subjected to antimicrobial screening and brine shrimp lethality bioassay, where moderate antimicrobial activity was observed against most of the test organisms was seen. The hexane soluble fraction also displayed significant cytotoxic activity with LC50 0.64 μg/ml in brine shrimp lethality bioassay. This is the first report of occurrence of these compounds from this plant. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 22(2): 224-227, 2019

scholarly journals Investigation of Antioxidant, In-vitro Cytotoxic, and In-vivo Antitumor Effects of Leaf Extracts of Annona Reticulata

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-74
Author(s):  
Shashwata Biswas ◽  
Mohammad Shahriar ◽  
Jahan Ara Khanam ◽  
Chowdhury Rafiqul Ahsan
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Percentage Increase ◽  
Initial Weight ◽  
Antitumor Effects ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Annona Reticulata

This study was carried out to evaluate the antioxidant, brine shrimp lethality, bioassay and antitumor effects of nhexane, petroleum ether, methanol and chloroform extracts of Annona reticulata leaves. All extracts demonstrated good cupric reducing activity with increasing concentrations keeping methanol extract at the top and n-hexane extract at the second position. The methanol extract was found to have the highest antioxidant capacity 28±26.88 followed by n-hexane 16.95±11.39 and chloroform 12.85±10.32 in the form of mg of ascorbic acid equivalent per gram of crude extract. The methanol extract also showed the highest values of 2.41±0.963 mg of gallic acid equivalent phenolic content and 6.54±4.08 mg of quercetin equivalent flavonoid content per g of crude extract. In the brine shrimp lethality bioassay, LC50 values of methanol, chloroform, petroleum ether, and n-hexane extracts were found to be 1.084?g/ml, 1.096?g/ml, 1.995?g/ml and 3.126 ?g/ml, respectively. These findings suggest that A. reticulata leaves can be a good source of antioxidants and possess significant cytotoxic effect. In a narrow spectrum investigation on antitumor activity of the extracts, we found that the methanol extract inhibited the tumor growing process (control group, chloroform group and petroleum ether group showed significant rise in body weight; i.e., 8% - 14% of initial weight compared to that of methanol group showing a rise of 0.45% - 0.94% of initial weight) and improved ILS (Percentage Increase in Life Span) with increasing doses (Doses of 50mg/kg, 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg showed ILS values of 13.70%, 19.20% and 21.92%, respectively) to some extent when compared with control group and groups receiving other extracts.Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 29, Number 2, Dec 2012, pp 70-74

scholarly journals Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay of the Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts of the Selected Species of Medicinal Plants

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Sandeep Waghulde ◽  
Mohan K. Kale ◽  
VijayR. Patil
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Annona Reticulata

The present study was conducted to test for in vivo Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay (BSLA) of the Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Annona reticulata with Allium fistolisum and Brassica oleraceaeand correlate cytotoxicity results with known pharmacological activities of the plants. Cytotoxicity was evaluated in terms of LC50 (lethality concentration). Ten nauplii were added into three replicates of each concentration of the plant extract. After 24 h the surviving brine shrimp larvae were counted and LC50 was assessed. Results showed that the extracts of Annona reticulata with Allium fistolisumand Brassica oleraceaewere potent against the brine shrimp when compared alone with combined extracts. It indicated that bioactive components are present in these plants that could be accounted for its pharmacological effects. Thus, the results support the uses of these plant species in traditional medicine.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Screening and Toxicological Evaluation Using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) of Some Fractions of Prasman Leaves (Eupatorium triplinerve V) Extract

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirly Kumala ◽  
Dwi Windi Sapitri
Keyword(s):  
Toxicity Test ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Toxicological Evaluation ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Toxicological Effect ◽  
Toxicological Assessment ◽  
Study Results

Prasman leaves (Eupatororium triplinerve V) was well documented to have anti cancer benefit in Indonesian traditional medicine history. However, there were no scientific studies including toxicological assessment on the plan extract. The purpose of this study was to investigate the toxicological effect of some fractions of Prasman leaves methanol extract. Phytochemical screening by the Farnsworth method on powder and some fraction of the methanol extract were conducted followed by toxicity test using the “Brine Shrimp Lethality” test (BSLT) method. In the current study results, the phytochemical screening showed the presence of flavonoid, saponin, coumarin, tannin, steroid and volatile oil. LC50 of the n-hexane fraction 238.66 µg/mL, ethyl acetate fraction 24.42 µg/mL,  and n-butanol 64.10 µg/mL.Keywords : BSLT, Toxicity test, Eupatororium triplinerve

scholarly journals Some phytochemical analyses of different extracts of the cogon grass Imperata cylindrica from Mizoram, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 120-124
Author(s):  
P.B. Lalthanpuii ◽  
Zarzokimi ◽  
K. Lalchhandama
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Petroleum Ether Extract ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Imperata Cylindrica ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Chloroform Methanol

Cogon grass, Imperata cylindrica (L.) Räuschel, was studied for its flavonoid and phenol contents. A series of extracts of the underground (rhizome-root) parts was prepared by hot extraction using solvents of different polarities such as chloroform, methanol, and petroleum ether. The total flavonoid content of the plant extracts was determined based on the reaction with aluminum chloride, sodium nitrite, and sodium hydroxide. Quercetin was used as a standard reference. Chloroform extract showed highest content of flavonoids with 30.88 mg QE/g dry wt., followed by petroleum ether extract which was 22.05 mg mg QE/g dry wt., and methanol extract has the least value with 7.35 mg QE/g dry wt. The total phenolic content of the plant was estimated based on the reaction of Folin-Ciocalteu reagent using gallic acid as the standard reference. Again, the chloroform extract had the highest content with 7.54 mg GAE/g dry wt., while methanol extract contained 5.03 mg GAE/g dry wt., and petroleum ether extract contained 3.63 mg mg GAE/g dry wt. Our study shows that I. cylindrica is a good source of antioxidants.

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