scholarly journals Treatment of Textile Wastewater by Coagulation Precipitation Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 623-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Sabur ◽  
A. A. Khan ◽  
S. Safiullah
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Alkaline Ph ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Influence Of Ph

Treatment of textile effluent, collected from Sattar Textile located at Chandra under Gazipur district, Bangladesh was carried out by chemical coagulation and precipitation method. The highly alkaline (pH=12.0) reddish orange colored effluent was characterized by chemical oxygen demand (COD) 1638 mg O2/L; total suspended solids (TSS) 9.76 g/L; total dissolved solids (TDS) 6.62 g/L and turbidly 31.24 FTU. In the present study, polyaluminium chloride (PAC) and SAFI (described in the results and discussions part) solutions were used as coagulants both individually and as their mixture at various ratios. As coagulation precipitation is highly pH sensitive, influence of pH was noted in each case. It was seen that the combined effect of both the coagulants is more effective than the individual effect of coagulants at a particular proportion at pH 6 for the removal of pollutional load from the effluent. The minimum dosages for the coagulants were worked out also from the initial beaker experiments. Finally, the effluent obtained from the large scale treatment was characterized for some effluent quality parameters and 90.17, 74.09 and 93.47% removal COD, TDS and turbidity were observed, respectively.© 2012 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v4i3.10777 J. Sci. Res. 4 (3), 623-633 (2012)

scholarly journals Qualidade de Água do Rio Cuiabá no Perímetro Urbano da Capital Mato-Grossense

UNICIÊNCIAS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-164
Author(s):  
Jorge Luiz de Arruda ◽  
Ana Carolina Amorim Marques ◽  
Osvaldo Borges Pinto Junior
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
Effluent Quality

Este trabalho apresenta uma análise do índice e dos parâmetros de qualidade de água no perímetro urbano do rio Cuiabá - MT, considerando uma variação temporal (período úmido e seco) e espacial (montante - jusante) no ano de 2015. Os resultados mostraram que maiores valores de turbidez, sólidos totais, oxigênio dissolvido, demanda bioquímica de oxigênio e coliformes totais foram obtidos no período úmido e que os maiores valores de pH, nitrogênio/nitrato e fósforo/fosfato ocorreram no período seco. O Índice de Qualidade de Água (IQA) foi maior no período seco em função de menores valores sólidos em suspensão, turbidez e coliformes totais. A análise da água da região perimetral ao rio Cuiabá demonstrou diferenças significativas entre os pontos mais a montante (Sucuri) em relação aos pontos a jusante (Porto e Caís) em ambos os períodos. Nesse sentido, o IQA foi menor nos pontos mais a jusante (Porto, Caís e Comunidade São Gonçalo Beira Rio) que nos pontos mais a montante (Sucuri e Ribeirão do Lipa). Os parâmetros estudados atendem a normatização da Resolução Conama 357/2005, apesar das diferenças no IQA para os pontos amostrados entre os períodos sazonais.   Palavras-chave: Efluente. Índice de Qualidade. Valoração Ambiental.   Abstract This work presents an analysis of the index and water quality parameters in the urban perimeter of  Cuiabá - MT, considering a temporal (rainy and dry period) and spatial (downstream) variation in the year 2015. Higher turbidity values, total dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand and total coliforms were obtained in the rainy season, while higher values ​​of pH, nitrogen / nitrate and phosphorus / phosphate occurred in the dry period.  IQA was higher in the dry period due to lower suspended solids, turbidity and total coliforms. The water analysis from the perimeter region to the Cuiabá river showed significant differences between the points upstream (Sucuri) in relation to the downstream points (Porto and Caís) in both periods. In this sense, the IQA was smaller in the points downstream (Porto, Caís and Comunidade São Gonçalo Beira Rio) than in the most upstream points (Sucuri and Ribeirao do Lipa). The studied parameters comply with the normalization of Conama Resolution 357/2005, despite the differences in the IQA for the points sampled between the seasonal periods.   Keywords: Effluent. Quality Index. Environmental Valuation.

scholarly journals EVALUATING SURFACE WATER QUALITY AND TESTING FREQUENCY IN TIEN AND HAU RIVERS, AN GIANG PROVINCE, USING 10-YEAR MONITORING DATA

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (37) ◽  
pp. 78-88
Author(s):  
Giao Thanh Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Monitoring Frequency ◽  
Current Water ◽  
The Individual

The study aimed to assess the variation of surface water quality and evaluate the monitoring frequency at threecontinuous monitoring stations on the Tien river (MT1 station) and Hau river (MH1 and MH2 station) over a 10-year period (2009-2018), with a monitoring frequency of 12 times per year (monthly). The water quality variables comprised of temperature (oC), pH, dissolved oxygen (DO, mg/L), total suspended solids (TSS, mg/L), nitrate (N-NO- 3 , mg/L), orthophosphate (P-PO3 4- mg/L), chemical oxygen demand (COD, mg/L), and coliforms (MPN/100 mL). The individual water quality parameters were assessed by comparison with National Technical Regulation on surface water quality (QCVN 08-MT: 2015/BTNMT). Monitoring frequency was evaluatedusing Cluster Analysis (CA). The findings revealed that surface water on both Tien and Hau rivers was perpetually polluted with suspended solids, organic matter, nutrients, and microorganisms. The CA identified that the frequencies of current water monitoring could be reduced from 12 times to 5 times per year, resulting in a 58% reduction in monitoring costs. Future study should focus on evaluating water quality parameters toencompass all water quality characteristics in the Tien and Hau rivers. International collaboration with countries that impact the river before flowing into Vietnam in water management should be enhanced to solve continuing water problems.

Aeration and Water Hyacinths in Waste Stabilization Ponds

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 265-271
Author(s):  
P. R. Thomas ◽  
H. O. Phelps
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Suspended Solids ◽  
Substantial Improvement ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Water Hyacinths

The investigation was based on two facultative stabilization ponds initially designed to operate in parallel, and now receive wastewater in excess of their capacities from a fast expanding housing estate in the Caribbean Island of Trinidad. Because of the deterioration of the effluent quality relative to acceptable standards, an attempt was made to upgrade the ponds using water hyacinths at the early stages. However, from the results, it was clear that the introduction of water hyacinths in the test pond did not lead to any substantial improvement in the effluent because of the high loading on the pond. Therefore the ponds were modified to operate in series with surface aerators installed in the first pond. Initially, the effluent quality was monitored in terms of total suspended solids, volatile suspended solids, biochemical oxygen demand, faecal coliform bacteria, pH and dissolved oxygen with aeration in the first pond and no aquatic plants in the second pond. Although there was a significant improvement in the effluent quality, the values remained above the standards. As a result, water hyacinths were introduced in the second pond and the effluent quality monitored together with aeration in the first pond. The effluent quality improved with total suspended solids and biochemical oxygen demand values both as low as 10 mg/l in certain months, but additional treatment was needed to reduce faecal conforms.

Decontamination of synthetic textile wastewater by electrochemical processes: energetic and toxicological evaluation

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (12) ◽  
pp. 2586-2596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Mountassir ◽  
A. Benyaich ◽  
M. Rezrazi ◽  
P. Berçot ◽  
L. Gebrati
Keyword(s):  
Current Density ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Toxicological Evaluation ◽  
Textile Materials ◽  
Titanium Electrode ◽  
Electrochemical Processes ◽  
Influence Of Ph

The treatment of a synthetic textile wastewater, prepared with several compounds used in the finishing of textile materials, was comparatively studied by electrochemical methods such as electrooxidation (EO) (titanium electrode) and electrocoagulation (EC) (with aluminum and iron electrodes). The influence of pH, current density and operating time on the treatment was assessed by the parameters used to measure the level of organic contaminants in the wastewater; i.e. color, toxicity and chemical oxygen demand (COD). The experimental results showed that an effective electrochemical oxidation was achieved in which the wastewater was decolorized and 92% of COD was completely eliminated. In particular, the mineralization took place by indirect oxidation, mediated by active chlorine, and the treatment efficiency was enhanced by the addition of NaCl to the wastewater and by increasing the applied current density. The toxicity, still higher than the toxicity of the raw effluent, indicated a presence of toxic products after EO. Good results were obtained with the Al and Fe electrodes, mainly with respect to the removal of color and toxicity. EC is more economical than EO and the toxicity evaluation with the Daphnia magna test shows a significant reduction after EC.

POME Treatment Efficacy as Affected by Carrier Material Size in Micro-Bioreactor System

2014 ◽  
Vol 567 ◽  
pp. 104-109
Author(s):  
Wai Loan Liew ◽  
Khalida Muda ◽  
Mohd Azraai Kassim ◽  
Kok Yan Lai ◽  
Zi Yang Si ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Palm Kernel Shell ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Carrier Material ◽  
Bioreactor System ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

This paper presents the effect of different sizes of palm kernel shell (PKS) activated carbon as the carrier material in a micro-bioreactor system to treat the palm oil mill effluent (POME). Three different sizes of PKS activated carbon were used as the carrier material, i.e. 4.750 – 2.360 mm (large), 1.180 – 0.710 mm (average) and 0.425 – 0.300 mm (small). The systems were run for a total of 29 days under hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 24 hours. The performances of several effluent quality parameters of POME regarding the use of PKS activated carbon of different sizes were studied. PKS activated carbon with size 1.180 – 0.710 mm showed the highest removal performances for chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammoniacal-nitrogen (AN), and solids, with 41 %, 84.6 %, and 88 % of removal respectively. The system with PKS activated carbon of size 4.750 - 2.360 mm showed the highest performance in removing TP (45 %), while 1.180 – 0.710 mm size of PKS activated carbon showed the highest performance in removing TN (53 %). The system was also found to effectively reduce the effluent colour. In overall, the PKS activated carbon of size 1.180 – 0.710 mm showed the best results as a carrier material to be used in the micro-bioreactor system in treating POME compared to the other two sizes.

scholarly journals Remoción de cipermetrina presente en el baño de ganado utilizando humedales construidos

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 203 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Luis Marrugo Negrete ◽  
José Gregorio Ortega-Ruíz ◽  
Amado Enrique Navarro Frómeta ◽  
Germán Holland Enamorado Montes ◽  
Iván David Urango Cárdenas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Cyperus Papyrus ◽  
Pumping System ◽  
Livestock Sector ◽  
Slow Sand Filter ◽  
Alpinia Purpurata ◽  
Production Losses

<p>Ectoparasite control in the livestock sector involves the use of chemicals to prevent production losses. In small farms that produce milk in the Córdoba department, the use of the pumping system for the cattle bath is common between farmers. In this work, cypermethrin degradation efficiency was evaluated in three lab-scale subsurface flow constructed wetland planted with Limnocharis flava, Cyperus papyrus and Alpinia purpurata sp., and one unplanted system, all of the beds were gravel based; then, total suspended solids and total phosphorus retention, and elimination of chemical oxygen demand were measured as water quality parameters. The wastewater was pretreated in a descending-ascending slow sand filter, and then was conducted to a wetland continuous flow fed at 7 ml/min. Limnocharis flava bed was higher for the degradation of organic compounds, with 97.9 ± 2.5 % and 69.1 ± 3.7 % for cypermethrin and chemical oxygen demand respectively, with statistically significant differences (p &lt; 0,05) respect to unplanted bed. The higher SST removal were found in the Cyperus papyrus wetland, with 62,0 %, however, no differences were observed with the other evaluated planted systems, as opposed these were significantly higher than unplanted wetlands.</p>

scholarly journals Multi-Scale Analysis of the Dependence of Water Quality on Land Use Using Linear and Mixed Models

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 2618
Author(s):  
Johann Alexander Vera Mercado ◽  
Bernard Engel
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Suspended Solids ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrate And Nitrite ◽  
Kjeldahl Nitrogen

Land use influences water quality in streams at different spatial scales and varies in time and space. Water quality has long been associated with agricultural and urban land uses in catchments. The effects of developed, forest, pasture, and agricultural land use on nitrogen, nitrate, and nitrite (NNN); total phosphorus (TP); total suspended solids (TSS); chemical oxygen demand (COD); dissolved oxygen (DO) and total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) concentrations and their sensitivity were quantified to spatial pattern differences. The linear mixed modeling framework was used to examine the importance of spatial extent on models with water quality parameters as the response variable and land use types as the predictor variable. The results indicated that land use categories on different water quality parameters were significant and dependent on the selected spatial scales. Land use exhibited a strong association with total phosphorus and total suspended solids for close reach distances. Phosphorus is not highly soluble, and it binds strongly to fine soil particles, which are transported by water via runoff. Nitrogen, nitrate, and nitrite, dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand, and total Kjeldahl nitrogen concentrations were better predicted for further reach distances, such as 45 or 50 km, where the best model of nitrogen, nitrate, and nitrite is consistent with the high mobility of NO3−.

scholarly journals Systematic Modeling of Municipal Wastewater Activated Sludge Process and Treatment Plant Capacity Analysis Using GPS-X

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 8182
Author(s):  
Nuhu Dalhat Mu’azu ◽  
Omar Alagha ◽  
Ismail Anil
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Capacity Analysis ◽  
Activated Sludge Process ◽  
Effluent Quality

Mathematical modeling has become an indispensable tool for sustainable wastewater management, especially for the simulation of complex biochemical processes involved in the activated sludge process (ASP), which requires a substantial amount of data related to wastewater and sludge characteristics as well as process kinetics and stoichiometry. In this study, a systematic approach for calibration of the activated sludge model one (ASM1) model for a real municipal wastewater ASP was undertaken in GPS-X. The developed model was successfully validated while meeting the assumption of the model’s constant stoichiometry and kinetic coefficients for any plant influent compositions. The influences of vital ASP parameters on the treatment plant performance and capacity analysis for meeting local discharge limits were also investigated. Lower influent chemical oxygen demand in mgO2/L (COD) could inhibit effective nitrification and denitrification, while beyond 250 mgO2/L, there is a tendency for effluent quality to breach the regulatory limit. The plant performance can be satisfactory for handling even higher influent volumes up to 60,000 m3/d and organic loading when Total Suspended Solids/Volatile Suspended Solids (VSS/TSS) and particulate COD (XCOD)/VSS are maintained above 0.7 and 1, respectively. The wasted activated sludge (WAS) has more impact on the effluent quality compared to recycle activated sludge (RAS) with significant performance improvement when the WAS was increased from 3000 to 9000 m3/d. Hydraulic retention time (HRT) > 6 h and solids retention time (SRT) < 7 days resulted in better plant performance with the SRT having greater impact compared with HRT. The plant performance could be sustained for a quite appreciable range of COD/5-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5 in mgO2/L) ratio, Mixed Liquor Suspended Solid (MLSS) of up to 6000 mg/L, and when BOD5/total nitrogen (TN) and COD/TN are comparatively at higher values. This work demonstrated a systematic approach for estimation of the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) ASP parameters and the high modeling capabilities of ASM1 in GPS-X when respirometry tests data are lacking.

A Decade of Change at West-Southwest Sewage Treatment Works, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A.

1984 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 555-571
Author(s):  
Nicholas J Melas ◽  
Raymond R Rimkus
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
The West ◽  
West Side ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Effluent Standards ◽  
Solids Processing

The Metropolitan Sanitary District of Greater Chicago's West-Southwest Sewage Treatment Works consists of the West Side Treatment Works, an Imhoff facility placed in operation in 1930, and the Southwest Sewage Treatment Works, an activated sludge plant placed in operation in 1939. This paper focuses on the decade of “1970's” and examines changes in plant operating procedures along with plant additions and improvements that were implemented in order to meet stringent water quality and effluent standards. The effect of the energy crisis and the measures taken at the West-Southwest Sewage Treatment Works to lessen its impact are reported. Over the study period, very costly and energy intensive solids processing operations were either curtailed or eliminated. New and innovative processes of sludge handling were developed and implemented. The net effect of these changes in solids processing coupled with modifications in the secondary wastewater treatment operations have resulted in a significant improvement in the effluent quality of the plant. In the early seventies, the effluent concentration for suspended solids, biochemical oxygen demand, and ammonia-nitrogen were 30, 23, and 12 mg/l, respectively; the corresponding values for these parameters in 1981 averaged 6, 6, and 1.4 mg/l.

Comparative study of membrane bioreactor (MBR) and activated sludge processes in the treatment of Moroccan domestic wastewater

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (5) ◽  
pp. 1129-1136 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kitanou ◽  
M. Tahri ◽  
B. Bachiri ◽  
M. Mahi ◽  
M. Hafsi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Conventional Activated Sludge ◽  
Activated Sludge Processes

Abstract The study was based on an external pilot-scale membrane bioreactor (MBR) with a ceramic membrane compared to a conventional activated sludge process (ASP) plant. Both systems received their influent from domestic wastewater. The MBR produced an effluent of much better quality than the ASP in terms of total suspended solids (TSS), 5-day biological oxygen demand (BOD5) and chemical oxygen demand (COD), total phosphorus (TP) and total nitrogen (TN). Other effluent quality parameters also indicated substantial differences between the ASP and the MBR. This study leads to the conclusion that in the case of domestic wastewater, MBR treatment leads to excellent effluent quality. Hence, the replacement of ASP by MBR may be justified on the basis of the improved removal of solids, nutrients, and micropollutants. Furthermore, in terms of reuse the high quality of the treated water allows it to be reused for irrigation.

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