scholarly journals Improvement of the Seed Metering Device of Power Tiller Operated Zero Till Drill

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 203-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
MS Hossen ◽  
AA Musabbir ◽  
MM Hossain ◽  
MZ Hasan ◽  
MA Islam
Keyword(s):  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Financial Assistance ◽  
Research Center ◽  
Inclined Plate ◽  
Seed Damage ◽  
Field Efficiency ◽  
Power Tiller ◽  
Seed Metering Device ◽  
Plate Type

This study was carried out in wheat research center, BARI under financial assistance of CIMMYT for the improvement of seed metering device of a power tiller operated zero till drill planter. Fluted roller type seed metering device was replaced by the inclined plate type seed metering device. Field experiments revealed that field efficiency was 80.19% and seed damage was completely absent in the improved metering device. Further cost analysis showed saving of 280 Taka ha-1 planting cost, which proves success of the improvement.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v24i1-2.19173 Progress. Agric. 24(1&2): 203 - 210, 2013

scholarly journals Development and Evaluation of Direct Paddy Seeder in Puddled Field

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2745
Author(s):  
Manoj Kumar ◽  
Ritu Dogra ◽  
Mahesh Narang ◽  
Manjit Singh ◽  
Sushant Mehan
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Inclined Plate ◽  
Seed Damage ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Different Soils

Manual transplanting, a pre-dominant practice in almost all the paddy growing areas in India, is laborious, burdensome, and has many expenses on raising, settling, and transplanting nursery. The transplanting process’s limitations motivated the replacement of conventional paddy transplanting methods. The study was divided into two phases. The first phase included laboratory testing of three levels of metering mechanisms, namely cell type (M1) with 10 cells grooved around a circular plate having a 13 cm diameter, inclined plate (M2) containing 24 U shaped cells provided on an 18 cm diameter plate, and fluted roller (M3) with 10 flutes on a 5 cm diameter shaft. The testing matrix included a missing index, multiple index, and seed damage with forward speeds (2.5, 3.0, and 3.5 km/h), and pre-germination levels of 24 h soaked (P1), 24 h pre-germinated (P2), and 36 h pre-germinated paddy seeds (P3)). The second phase included selecting the best combination obtained from the laboratory study and developing a new efficient planter for the puddled field. The inclined plate metering mechanism operating at 2.5 km/h for 24 h pre-germinated seeds was reported most efficient from the first phase. Therefore, a self-propelled 8-row planter equipped with an inclined plate metering mechanism having a row-to-row spacing of 22.5 cm was developed, fabricated, and evaluated in the puddled field. The designed planter was assessed on two different soils: sandy loom (ST1) and clay loom (ST2) and at two different hopper fill levels as ½ filled hopper (F1) and ¾ filled hopper (F2). The number of plants per square meter and hill-to-hill spacing was measured. The on-field evaluation revealed that the number of plants per square meter was non-significantly affected by the type of soil but was significantly affected by hopper fill.

Development of Three Row Self-Propelled Zero till Direct Seeded Rice Planter Cum Fertilizer Applicator

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
Rashmi Anil Bangale
Keyword(s):  
Power Transmission ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Rice Seedling ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Prime Mover ◽  
Inclined Plate ◽  
Depth Control ◽  
Direct Seeded ◽  
Field Efficiency

The agricultural operational holding in India is about 1.15 ha and 85.01 per cent belongs to marginal holdings (below 2 ha). This data shows an economic condition of the Indian farmer, which doesn’t allow him to adopt advanced agricultural machineries. Considering the situation of Indian farmer, we developed a prototype of three row self-propelled zero till direct seeded rice planter cum fertilizer applicator. This machine helps to plant a dry rice seed along with the fertilizer application with zero tillage condition. The machine includes inclined plate metering mechanism for seed; cup feed metering mechanism for fertilizer, seed cum fertilizer hopper, ground wheel, depth control wheels, inverted T furrow openers, 5 hp engine as a prime mover, power transmission system, adjustable handle, lever and rigid main frame to support all the parts and drive wheels. Machine is divided into two parts viz., prime mover part and planter cum fertilizer applicator part. Both parts can be separated from each other. The machine places the rice seed up to average depth of 25-40 mm and spacing between hills is observed to be 130-160 mm along with an average 20 cm of row spacing. The average field capacity at an average speed of 2.3 km.h-1 is observed to be 0.115 ha.h-1 for operating rice seeds. The field efficiency is observed to be 86.9 per cent. The operational cost is observed to be around 69.28 per cent less than the manual planting of rice seedling and also the man hour’s requirement is very less than the manual planting.

Assessment of solar photocatalysis to purify on-site rinse waters from tractor cisterns used in grapevine pest control: field experimentation

2005 ◽  
Vol 52 (8) ◽  
pp. 223-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Pichat ◽  
S. Vannier ◽  
J. Dussaud ◽  
J.-P. Rubis
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Inorganic Ions ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Inclined Plate ◽  
Solar Photocatalysis ◽  
Photovoltaic Panel ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Field Experimentation ◽  
Microtox Test

The aim of this study was to assess in a vineyard the effect of purifying by solar photocatalysis the title rinse waters (currently most often rejected) in terms of efficacy and on-site practicality for the wine grower. The on-site, self-functioning, solar purifying unit included a corrugated-steel inclined plate of area S=1m2 onto which a TiO2-coated thin material had been slightly pressed, a tank, and an aquarium-type pump powered by a photovoltaic panel (appropriate for isolated locations). For a vineyard of area A=0.15km2, the rinse water (about 90L) corresponding to each of four typical vine treatments in summer was analysed (major pesticides for each treatment, TOC, Microtox test and, in one case, BOD5) by independent laboratories, before and after purification for 8 days. The S/A ratio tested was found insufficient even if the photocatalytic treatment markedly improved the quality of the rinse waters. From the relatively low final organic content reached in one case, it is calculated that a three-time higher S/A ratio might suffice, but new trials are necessary to determine whether it is valid for other typical cases. Inferred contribution of inorganic ions to the post-photocatalytic treatment toxicity points to the need for an additional detoxification. These field experiments have also demonstrated that the purifying prototype is robust, and easy to install and use on site by the wine grower.

Can subsidies paid directly to employers reduce residential discrimination in employment? An assessment based on serial field experiments

Urban Studies ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 004209802110060
Author(s):  
Sylvain Chareyron ◽  
Laetitia Challe ◽  
Yannick L’Horty ◽  
Pascale Petit
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Ethnic Origin ◽  
Financial Assistance ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
Substantial Level ◽  
New Public ◽  
Discrimination In Employment ◽  
Disadvantaged Neighbourhood

‘Emplois Francs’ is a new public policy in France that provides financial assistance to companies when they hire a jobseeker living in a disadvantaged neighbourhood. This study evaluates the effect of this policy by using three waves of correspondence tests spaced six months apart to measure discrimination in access to employment based on ethnic origin and place of residence. We find a substantial level of discrimination based on ethnic origin and a lower level of residential discrimination. We find that the programme decreases residential discrimination after six months, but we cannot conclude that the effect is still present 12 months later.

Newly developed membrane contactor-based N and P recovery process: Pilot-scale field experiments and cost analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 281 ◽  
pp. 125288
Author(s):  
Juho Uzkurt Kaljunen ◽  
Raed A. Al-Juboori ◽  
Anna Mikola ◽  
Ilaria Righetto ◽  
Irene Konola
Keyword(s):  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Membrane Contactor ◽  
Scale Field ◽  
P Recovery

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of Maize Planters in Conservation Agriculture under Black Cotton Soil of Central India

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. P. Sawant ◽  
K. P. Singh ◽  
R. S. Singh ◽  
Brij Lal Lakaria ◽  
Anurag Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Central India ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Black Cotton Soil ◽  
Inclined Plate ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Hybrid Variety ◽  
Field Efficiency

The present study was conducted at ICAR-Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal research farm to study the effect of no-till planters such as inclined plate planter and broad bed shaper-cum-planter on yield, energetics and economics of maize crop production and compared with conventional practices of maize sowing using seed-cum-fertilizer drill. The maize hybrid variety of DMRH-1303 was sown in kharif season of 2019 using inclined plate planter and broad bed shaper-cum-planter under wheat residue load 8 t/ha (HI-1544). The wheat was harvested by combine harvester and its residue was chaffed using shredder. The actual field capacity and field efficiency of inclined plate planter, broad bed shaper-cum-planter and seed-cum-fertilizer drill were observed as 0.31, 0.32 and 0.39 ha/h and 51.67, 58.18 and 76.47%, respectively. The energy consumption for shredding of wheat straw was 399.31 MJ/ha. The energy consumption was maximum in case of sowing with convention seed drill (1965.30 MJ/ha) including single pass of each cultivator and rotavator, which was followed by broad bed shaper-cum-planter under permanent bed condition (792.39 MJ/ha) and inclined plate planter under permanent bed condition (468.77 MJ/ha). The broad bed shaper-cum-planter and inclined plate planter saved energy consumption by 59.7% and 76.14%, respectively as compared to conventional seed-cum-fertilizer drill.The use of inclined plate planter (Rs. 652 per ha) or broad bed former-cum-planter (Rs. 664 per ha) could save 67% in cost of operation compared to seed-cum-fertilizer drill (Rs. 2017 per ha).

Design and Testing of a Punching-on-Film Precision Hole Seeder for Peanuts

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 1685-1696
Author(s):  
Jianming Kang ◽  
Qiangji Peng ◽  
Chunyan Zhang ◽  
Ningning Zhang ◽  
Huimin Fang
Keyword(s):  
Vacuum Chamber ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Operating Principle ◽  
Chamber Pressure ◽  
List Type ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Irrigation Pipes ◽  
Precision Hole ◽  
Seed Metering Device ◽  
Design And Testing

HighlightsThe designed precision seeder meets the agronomic requirements for on-film hole seeding.Influencing factors were found by studying the operating principle and key parameters.A response model was successfully built and verified by experiments.This study provides technical support for punching-on-film hole seeding technology.Abstract. To satisfy the agronomic requirements for punching-on-film precision seeding of peanuts, a precision hole seeder was designed in this study. The seeder can perform simultaneous functions of film mulching, film punching, pipe laying, precision hole seeding, and seed covering. The overall structure and operating principle of the device were analyzed, and its major components, including a seed-metering device, soil-covering roller, and drip irrigation pipes, were theoretically studied. To optimize the operating parameters and achieve favorable performance, a three-factor quadratic orthogonal test was performed to test the effects of the vacuum chamber pressure, advancing speed of the seeder, and height of the type hole boss on the seeding performance; the variance and range of the test results were analyzed accordingly. Through the field experiments, when the vacuum chamber pressure, advancing speed of the seeder, and height of the type hole boss were optimized to 7.5 kPa, 4.2 km h-1, 5.3 mm, respectively, the qualification index, re-seeding index, and miss-seeding index of the seeder were 92.7%, 3.8%, and 3.5%, respectively. Thus, the developed seeder satisfies the agronomic requirements, and the study results provide a technical reference for the punching-on-film precision seeding of peanuts. Keywords: Model, Peanut, Precision seeding of peanut, Punching-on-film hole, Seeder.

scholarly journals A Standard Methodology for Evaluation of Mechanical Maize Seed Meters for Smallholder Farmers Comparing Devices from Latin America, Sub-Saharan Africa, and Asia

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1091
Author(s):  
Jelle Van Loon ◽  
Timothy J. Krupnik ◽  
Jesús A. López-Gómez ◽  
Jagadish Timsina ◽  
Bram Govaerts
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Rotational Velocity ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Inclined Plate ◽  
Seed Damage ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Precision Planting

Precision planting represents an opportunity for farmers to increase income. Seeders and associated seed meters are prerequisite to achieve optimal plant density. However, to assure seed meter performance in smallholder conditions, a comprehensive procedure is lacking. This study develops a methodology for mechanical maize meter evaluation that compares diverse meters in terms of seed singulation, seed damage, and spatial distribution. An experiment assessed 10 m, representing roller types, and inclined, vertical, and horizontal plates collected from various continents and representative of commonly used devices by smallholders. A conveyer-belt setup allowed for seed distribution analysis and the influence of vibration and topography on the seed singulation was determined. Results revealed that a rotational velocity of 20 revolutions per minute (RPM) was optimum for most meters, while all complied with the norm NMX-O-168-SCFI-2009 in terms of seed damage. Independent of the singulation mechanism, devices with the ability to adjust to seed size performed better. The Fitarelli horizontal plate, followed by the BARI-9 inclined plate meter, are considered ‘best-bet’ performers. Although, considering absolute efficiency, two inclined plate devices worked at near-perfect performance with large seeds. Our study develops a low-cost methodology, easily replicated and implemented, and provides a baseline for continued research on seed meter evaluation.

scholarly journals Benefit Cost Analysis of Small Farm Machineries Used for Rice Cultivation in Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 448-453
Author(s):  
Prakash Acharya ◽  
Punya Prasad Regmi ◽  
Devendra Gauchan ◽  
Dilli Bahadur KC ◽  
Gopal Bahadur KC
Keyword(s):  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Discount Rate ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
Sample Size Determination ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Small Farm ◽  
Benefit Cost Analysis ◽  
Power Tiller ◽  
Benefit Cost

A study was conducted in Jhapa, Sunsari and Bardiya district of Nepal to assess the benefit cost (BCA) analysis of small farm machineries (transplanter, reaper and power tiller) used for rice cultivation. Out of total respondents of 274 under mechanized farm category selected using Raosoft Software of sample size determination, 74% reaper owner (20),  67% power tiller owner (20) and 100% transplanter owner (09)  were selected for analyzing benefit cost analysis using simple random sampling. BCA analysis showed that the NPV, B/C ratio, IRR and Payback Period of investing in transplanter were NRs 452743.62, 1.61, 24% and 2.75 years at 12% discount rate respectively. Similarly, NPV, B/C ratio, IRR and Payback period for reaper and power tiller were NRs 422541.93, 2.89, 123% and 1.14 years and NRs 619,719.34, 2.32, 65% and 1.46 years at 12% of discount rate respectively. The investment on reaper and power tiller would be profitable for their higher Benefit Cost ratio and IRR, and lower payback period. The results of sensitivity analysis showed that investments in reaper and power tiller would be profitable even if decrease in benefit or increase in cost or decrease in benefit and increase in cost by 20% is considered. However, in case of transplanter, the IRR would be less than the discount rate when benefit decreases by 20% and cost increases by 20%. Due to high investment at the initial stage, the payback period was longer and IRR was also less than 30% per annum in transplanter which indicated that investment would not be made for transplanter unless price of transplanter is lowered through regulation of price and provision of subsidy. It is suggested to motivate farmers for adoption of small farm machineries in rice cultivation through provision of differentiated rates of subsidy and technical capacity build up.

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