scholarly journals Effect of incorporating rice bran or parboiled rice polish with or without exogenous phytase in the diet on growth of Jinding ducklings

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 445-451
Author(s):  
Nebash Chandra Pal ◽  
Syed Mohammad Bulbul ◽  
Zannatul Mawa ◽  
Muslah Uddin Ahammad
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Parboiled Rice ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Biological Performance

A total of 48 straight-run day old ducklings (DOD) of Jinding were fed ad libitum on four (4) iso-nitrogenous and iso-caloric diets (3000 Kcal ME/kg and 22% CP) having 3 replicates each. The diets were formulated using 20% rice bran (RB) or parboiled rice polish (PRP) with or without exogenous phytase (10g/kg). Ducklings were fed up to 28 days of age to observe the effect of RB and PRP based diet on the growth performance. Feeding of PRP based diet with enzyme resulted in increased live weight gain and feed efficiency. There was no difference in feed intake on both diets (p>0.05). However, the formulating cost of PRP based diet was higher than that of RB based diet. Addition of enzyme promoted growth and feed efficiency but did not affect feed intake significantly during the experimental period and increased feed cost. Therefore, it appeared that the biological performance of PRP based diet with or without enzyme was better than that of RB based diet. However, the feed cost was less in RB based diet with or without phytase. Therefore, to formulate low cost diet, RB seemed to be superior over PRP, but for better growth performance PRP can be used in the diet of ducklings. In conclusion, the findings demonstrated that the PRP based diets with or without phytase was superior to RB based diets with or without phytase in terms of growth performance, but RB based diet was superior in terms of feed cost. Therefore, it appeared that increased growth performance cannot be a basis of using RB and PRP. Rather, costeffectiveness of feeding ducklings on RB and PRP based diet must be taken into account.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.2(3): 445-451, December 2015

scholarly journals Exogenous phytase for better utilization of parboiled rice polish based diet on the growth and meat yield of Japanese quail

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 8-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
DK Sarkar ◽  
M Mahiuddin ◽  
MS Ali ◽  
MMH Azad ◽  
MAR Howlider
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Heart Weight ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Meat Yield ◽  
Parboiled Rice ◽  
Japanese Quails ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Old Japanese ◽  
Ad Libitum

For the abundant use of parboiled rice polish (PRP), dietary grains were replaced by 200g/kg and 400g/kg PRP with or without phytase supplementation. A total of 108 seven days old Japanese quails were fed ad libitum up to 35 days of age for better utilization of PRP. Increasing PRP with or without phytase supplementation did not influence live weight and feed intake. Supplementation of phytase improved feed conversion only in diet containing 200g/kg PRP (p<0.05). Feed cost/kg quail decreased with the addition of phytase at 200g/kg PRP diet, but increased on 400g/kg PRP diet. Dressing yield was improved (p<0.05) in 200g/kg PRP diet with phytase supplementation. There was an increase (p<0.05) in thigh meat for application of phytase in 400g/kg PRP diet. Heart weight increased (p<0.05) on 200g/kg PRP diet and decreased on 400g/kg PRP. It was concluded that substitution of costly grains by 200g/kg cheaper PRP with phytase might reduce the feed cost without affecting feed intake, live weight and meat yield of quails. DOI: http://dx.dol.org/10.3329/BJAS.v40i1-2.10681 Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2011. 40 (1-2): 8-12

scholarly journals Dietary effects of hydroponic wheat sprouted fodder on growth performance of turkey

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-110
Author(s):  
Hussein Suleiman Ali ◽  
Abdul Gaffar Miah ◽  
Sabbir Hossain Sabuz ◽  
Mohammad Asaduzzaman ◽  
Ummay Salma
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Animal Science ◽  
Feed Cost

The study was conducted at Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University (HSTU), Dinajpur, Bangladesh to determine the nutritional composition and economic value of hydroponic wheat sprouted fodder (HWSF) replaced by commercial concentrate feed (CCF) and it’s effect on growth performance of turkey. A total of 75 poults were selected and randomly assigned into five groups (T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5), each group with 3 replications having 15 birds in each. T1 considered as control group and fed only CCF, where T2, T3, T4 and T5 groups fed 95, 90, 85 and 80% CCF along with 5, 10, 15 and 20% HWSF, respectively. The amount of DM, CP and NFE were significantly higher (P<0.01) in hydroponic maize sprouted fodder than hydroponic wheat and sesbania sprouted fodder where Ash, OM, CF, DM and EE were not significant. Live weight of turkey was increased in T1 (2074.86 g), T2 (2130.4 g), T3 (2125.75 g) and T4 (2085.53 g) except T5 (1959.4 g) groups. The live weight gain was almost similar in the turkey of T2 (29.55 g/d), T3 (29.26 g/d), T4 (28.44 g/d) and T1 (27.69 g/d) groups except T5 (23.85 g/d) group. The lowest but best feed efficiency was observed in T2 (2.60) group. Cost benefit analysis showed higher benefit in T2, T3 and T4 than in T1 and T5 group. Therefore, the overall results revealed that dietary supplementation of HWSF up to 15% may improve live weight, feed efficiency of turkey as well as reduce total feed cost. Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.6(1): 101-110, April 2019

Rice bran as a supplement to elephant grass for cattle and buffalo in Indonesia: 2. Carcass development, energy accretion and its effect on feed efficiency: 2. Carcass development, energy accretion and its effect on feed efficiency

1983 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 717-722
Author(s):  
J. B. Moran
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Fat Depots ◽  
Gross Energy

SUMMARYIndonesian Ongole and swamp buffalo bulls that had previously been given 0, 1·2, 2·4, 3·6 or 4·8 kg/head/day rice bran plus ad libitum elephant grass were slaughtered after 161 days feeding. Abdominal depot fat, full and empty reticulo-rumen and cold carcass weights were recorded. Various carcass variables were measured and the 9–10–11 rib joints were dissected into bone, muscle and fat. Carcass gross energy was calculated from rib-fat content using previously determined regression equations. Feed efficiency was expressed in terms of the ratios of live-weight gain or carcass-energy accretion to metabolizable energy available for growth.Increasing supplementation with rice bran resulted in larger abdominal fat depots, higher dressing percentages, increased carcass fatness (and hence carcass gross energy) and improved rib muscle to bone ratios. Carcass conformation was unaffected by dietary treatment. When feed efficiency was expressed per unit live-weight gain, there was a decrease with increasing rice-bran feeding. Feed efficiency, expressed per unit of carcass energy accretion, improved with rice-bran supplementation and was generally higher in buffalo than in Ongole bulls. Dietary and species differences in feed efficiency could be primarily explained by the differential energy cost of deposition of, and the availability of energy from, carcass protein and lipid.

scholarly journals Days on feed and sex effects on live weight and carcass traits measured by ultrasound

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 423-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saulo da Luz e Silva ◽  
Evaldo Antonio Lencioni Titto ◽  
Paulo Roberto Leme ◽  
Luciane Silva Martello ◽  
Angélica Simone Cravo Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Longissimus Muscle ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Nellore Cattle ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat Thickness ◽  
Composition Changes

There is a paucity of information in the literature on body composition changes in Nellore cattle and its crosses, mainly on heifers and intact males. Ultrasound is a useful, low cost tool to easily obtain this information, with minimal animal stress. Effects of sex and days on feed on live weight (LW) and ultrasound Longissimus muscle area (ULMA) and subcutaneous fat thickness (UFAT) measurements were evaluated in F1 Piedmont <FONT FACE=Symbol>´</FONT> Nelore, 27 heifers (HF) and 27 intact males (IM). HF and IM had an initial LW of 256 ± 5.6 and 265 ± 5.6 kg, respectively, and were fed a diet containing 77% TDN for 131 days. LW, ULMA, and UFAT were evaluated at 28-d intervals. Interactions between sex and days on feed were found for all traits studied. LW increased linearly with days on feed, and IM had greater LW than HF throughout the trial. Mean initial ULMA was 55.8 and 55.5 cm² for HF and IM, respectively, and increased linearly until the end of the experiment (78.7 and 82.8 cm², respectively). IM showed higher ULMA than HF only in the last measurement. Initial UFAT averaged 0.04 and 0.4 mm for IM and HF, respectively, and increased linearly during the feeding period (2.4 and 4.3 mm, respectively). UFAT was higher n HF than in IM during the entire experimental period. IM showed faster growth rates and protein accretion than HF in the Longissimus muscle. HF showed faster subcutaneous fat accretion.

scholarly journals PSIX-39 Supplementing an immunomodulatory feed ingredient to improve thermoregulation and performance in finishing beef cattle under heat stress conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 392-392
Author(s):  
Eduardo Colombo ◽  
Reinaldo F Cooke ◽  
Kelsey Schubach ◽  
Bruna Rett ◽  
Alice Brandão
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Finishing Cattle

Abstract This experiment compared physiological and productive parameters in finishing cattle managed under heat stress conditions, and supplemented or not with Omnigen-AF (Phibro Animal Health, Teaneck, NJ). Crossbred cattle (Bos taurus × B. indicus; 64 heifers and 64 steers) were ranked by initial body weight (BW; 440 ± 3 kg) and sex, and allocated to 1 of 16 pens (8 heifers or steers/pen). Pens within sex were randomly assigned to receive (OMN; n = 8) or not (CON; n = 8) Omnigen-AF at 56 g/cow daily (as-fed basis). Cattle received a total-mixed ration during the experimental period (d 0 to 107), and Omnigen-AF was offered daily as a top-dress to OMN. Cattle were shipped on d 107 to a commercial packing facility for slaughter. Cattle BW was recorded and samples of blood and tail-switch hair collected on d 0, 28, 56, 84, and 106. Feed intake was evaluated biweekly from each pen, and feed efficiency calculated according to total feed intake and BW gain of each pen. From d 0 to 7, 28 to 42, and 84 to 98, heifer intravaginal temperature was recorded hourly (iButton temperature loggers DS1922L, Maxim Integrated, San Jose, CA). Environmental temperature humidity index (THI) was also recorded hourly throughout the experiment, and averaged 79.8 ± 0.6. Heifers receiving OMN had less (P &lt; 0.05) vaginal temperature from 1500 to 1900h (39.05 vs. 39.19 °C), when THI ranged from 85.3 to 90.1. No treatment effects were detected (P &gt; 0.20) for BW gain, feed intake, feed efficiency, and carcass traits. No treatment effects were also detected (P &gt; 0.17) for plasma concentrations of cortisol and haptoglobin, and cortisol concentrations in tail-switch hair. Hence, OMN ameliorated hyperthermia in finishing cattle exposed to heat stress conditions, but such benefit was not sufficient to improve productive and physiological responses.

scholarly journals Impact of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus on muscle metabolism of growing pigs1

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (8) ◽  
pp. 3213-3227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma T Helm ◽  
Shelby M Curry ◽  
Carson M De Mille ◽  
Wesley P Schweer ◽  
Eric R Burrough ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Nutrient Restriction ◽  
Viral Challenge ◽  
Prrs Virus ◽  
Ad Libitum

Abstract Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus is one of the most economically significant pig pathogens worldwide. However, the metabolic explanation for reductions in tissue accretion observed in growing pigs remains poorly defined. Additionally, PRRS virus challenge is often accompanied by reduced feed intake, making it difficult to discern which effects are virus vs. feed intake driven. To account for this, a pair-fed model was employed to examine the effects of PRRS challenge and nutrient restriction on skeletal muscle and liver metabolism. Forty-eight pigs were randomly selected (13.1 ± 1.97 kg BW) and allotted to 1 of 3 treatments (n = 16 pigs/treatment): 1) PRRS naïve, ad libitum fed (Ad), 2) PRRS-inoculated, ad libitum fed (PRRS+), and 3) PRRS naïve, pair-fed to the PRRS-inoculated pigs’ daily feed intake (PF). At days postinoculation (dpi) 10 and 17, 8 pigs per treatment were euthanized and tissues collected. Tissues were assayed for markers of proteolysis (LM only), protein synthesis (LM only), oxidative stress (LM only), gluconeogenesis (liver), and glycogen concentrations (LM and liver). Growth performance, feed intake, and feed efficiency were all reduced in both PRRS+ and PF pigs compared with Ad pigs (P < 0.001). Furthermore, growth performance and feed efficiency were additionally reduced in PRRS+ pigs compared with PF pigs (P < 0.05). Activity of most markers of LM proteolysis (μ-calpain, 20S proteasome, and caspase 3/7) was not increased (P > 0.10) in PRRS+ pigs compared with Ad pigs, although activity of m-calpain was increased in PRRS+ pigs compared with Ad pigs (P = 0.025) at dpi 17. Muscle reactive oxygen species production was not increased (P > 0.10) in PRRS+ pigs compared with Ad pigs. However, phosphorylation of protein synthesis markers was decreased in PRRS+ pigs compared with both Ad (P < 0.05) and PF (P < 0.05) pigs. Liver gluconeogenesis was not increased as a result of PRRS; however, liver glycogen was decreased (P < 0.01) in PRRS+ pigs compared with Ad and PF pigs at both time points. Taken together, this work demonstrates the differential impact a viral challenge and nutrient restriction have on metabolism of growing pigs. Although markers of skeletal muscle proteolysis showed limited evidence of increase, markers of skeletal muscle synthesis were reduced during PRRS viral challenge. Furthermore, liver glycogenolysis seems to provide PRRS+ pigs with glucose needed to fuel the immune response during viral challenge.

scholarly journals Performance and carcass quality of Czech Fleckvieh, Charolais and Charolais × Czech Fleckvieh bulls fed diets based on different types of silages

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 269-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Bartoň ◽  
V. Kudrna ◽  
D. Bureš ◽  
R. Zahrádková ◽  
V. Teslík
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Entire Experiment

A total of thirty-four Czech Fleckvieh (CF), Charolais (CH) and Charolais × Czech Fleckvieh (CH × CF) bulls with an average weight of 284 kg were included in the experiment and fed ad libitum two mixed diets: MS (based on maize silage) and LCS (based on legume-cereal and lucerne silages) with different concentrations of dietary energy until slaughter at the target live weight of 600 kg. The CF bulls consumed more dry matter (DM) of feed daily than the CH bulls (<i>P</i> < 0.05) and gained weight less efficiently than the CH × CF and CH animals (<i>P</i> < 0.01) during the entire experiment. The killing-out percentage was lower in the CF than in the CH × CF and CH (<i>P</i> < 0.05). The CH bulls received a higher score for carcass conformation and a lower score for carcass fatness (<i>P</i> < 0.01) than the CF bulls, had lower proportions of kidney and cod fat (<i>P</i> < 0.01) than the CH × CF and CF bulls, and produced the highest percentage of high-priced meat (<i>P</i> < 0.05) and the lowest percentage of separable fat (<i>P</i> < 0.001). The bulls on the MS diet were younger than the others at the end of the experiment (<i>P</i> < 0.01), gained weight more rapidly (<i>P</i> < 0.001), consumed less DM (<i>P</i> < 0.001) daily, utilized nutrients more efficiently over the entire experimental period (<i>P</i> < 0.001), and had a higher proportion of internal fat than the LCS bulls. It can be concluded that purebred CH bulls were superior to the other breed groups in most of the traits observed. The intensive diet based on maize silage increased average daily gains, reduced the time needed to achieve the target slaughter weight, and improved the feed efficiency of bulls.

scholarly journals Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility and Carcass Characteristics of Pigs Fed Diets Containing Amarula (Sclerocarya Birrea A. Rich) Nut Cake as Replacement To Soybean Meal

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maggy Palesa Mabena ◽  
Moses Ratsaka ◽  
Thobela Nkukwana ◽  
Ingrid Malebana ◽  
Douglas Nkosi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Large White ◽  
Sclerocarya Birrea

Abstract This experiment evaluated varying levels of Amarula (Sclerocarya birrea A. Rich) nut cake (ANC) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and carcass characteristics in pigs. Thirty Large White × Landrace (LW × LR) pigs were stratified by weight (average live weight of 20 ± 5 kg) and randomly allocated to the five experimental diets that contained 0 (control), 50, 100, 150 and 200 g ANC/kg DM. Each pig served as a replicate unit, housed individually. Bodyweight, feed intake, average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were recorded weekly throughout the trial period. On completion of the growth trial, following a 3-day adaptation, a nutrient digestibility study was conducted over 5 days. Thereafter, pigs were fasted for twelve hours, weighed, slaughtered, and carcass samples were collected for analysis. Feed intake was not affected by dietary treatment, but ADGs were reduced at ANC levels > 15%, resulting in poor FCR. Protein digestibility was reduced at ANC levels > 15%, while ether extract and fibre levels increased. Warm and cold carcass weights were lower at ANC levels > 15, with improved meat redness and lightness. It was concluded that ANC could replace SBM in the diet of growing pigs at less than 15% inclusion level.

scholarly journals EFISIENSI PRODUKSI SAPI POTONG PADA PETERNAKAN RAKYAT PADA MUSIM KEMARAU DI DAERAH PERTANIAN LAHAN KERING KABUPATEN GUNUNGKIDUL

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eka Handayanta ◽  
Lutojo Lutojo ◽  
Kurniasih Nurdiati
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Smallholder Farmer ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Daily Gain

<p><em>This research was conducted to know the production efficiency of beef cattle in smallholder farmer in a dry farming area at dry season. Research has been started on June and finished on September (dry season) at smallholder farmer in the village Kemejing, Semin subdistrict, district Gunungkidul, DIY. The research materials are 28 heads of beef cattle from 17 farmers, which consist of 10 heads of PO breed, 10 heads of a Simpo breed, and 8 heads of Limpo breed with 292.25 kg of initial body weight. This research was using Participatory Rural Appraisal method which is a collecting data process that an active teamwork between data collector and farmer. Collected parameter are feed intake, average daily gain (ADG), feed efficiency, feed cost per gain (FC/G), and income over feed cost (IOFC). Data resulting from this research are 8.42 kg/head/day of feed intake, 0.19 kg/head/day of ADG, 0.021 of feed efficiency, Rp 46.166,62 of feed cost per gain, and Rp 3.985,55 of income over feed cost. It can be concluded that the efficient production of beef cattle in smallholder farmer at the dry area is low because average daily gain, feed cost per gain and income over feed cost produced are extremely small so if the calculated economic result is less favorable.</em></p>

scholarly journals Feeding value of raw and boiled pigeon pea seed meal on the growth performance of local pullet chicks

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. U. Amaefule ◽  
C. O. Okereke
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feeding Value ◽  
Pea Seed

A total of 324 local pullet chicks (1- 8 weeks) were used for the research project to evaluate the feeding value of raw and boiled pigeon pea seed meal (PSM) on their growth performance. Nine iso-caloric and isonitrogenous diets were formulated, with raw and boiled pigeon pea seed meal at inclusion levels of 0%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30%, respectively. There were 36 chicks per treatment replicated into 3 at 12 chicks per replicate. There were significant interactions between form and PSM levels on the final live weight, daily feed intake and daily protein intake. Final live weight of pullets fed both raw and boiled PSM followed the same trend, pullets fed control (0%) and 15% raw PSM 128.10 and 132.33g respectively performed better than the rest of the treatment levels but statistically similar at all levels. Daily feed intake and daily protein intake showed significant interaction among the treatments. Pullets fed control (8.95g) and raw diets (8.79g) consumed more feed than pullets fed boiled PSM II (105.05g), III (117.77g) IV (91.27g) and V (112.80g) diets. Daily weight gain, feed conversion ratio and protein efficiency ratio had no significant (P>0.05) interaction between form and treatment groups for the pullets. 30% PSM raw or boiled can be fed to local pullet chicks without any deleterious effect on the growth performance.

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