Exogenous phytase for better utilization of parboiled rice polish based diet on the growth and meat yield of Japanese quail

A total of 60 day old straight run pekin ducklings were fed ad libitum on 6 diets viz, D1- 15% parboiled rice polish (PRP) based diet, D2- D1 + Mixed enzyme (Carbohydrase 120 ppm/kg + phytase 1000FYT/kg), D3- 25% parboiled rice polish (PRP) based diet, D4 - D3 + Mixed enzyme ( Carbohydrase 120 ppm/kg + phytase 1000FYT/kg), D5-35% parboiled rice polish (PRP) based diet, D6 - D5+ Mixed enzyme ( Carbohydrase 120 ppm/kg + phytase 1000FYT/kg) for 84 days. Diets were supplied two stages containing 22.5, 22.5, 22.8% CP for starter and 16.4, 16.9, 17% CP for finisher. Increasing PRP levels without enzyme decreased live weight, feed intake and feed conversion but increase profitability without affecting livability. Addition of mixed enzyme promoted growth, feed conversion significantly (P<0.01), but did not alter livability. The rate of improvement in performance for enzyme supplementation increased with increasing level of dietary PRP. Therefore, it was concluded that it is possible to reduce costly grain by using PRP in duck ration and supplementation of phytase and carbohydrase in PRP diet may be beneficial to improve performance of ducks. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v10i1.12100 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 10(1): 101106, 2012

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Shrimp waste and marine waste as substitutes of fish meal in broiler diet

Bangladesh Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.3329/bjas.v40i1-2.10785 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 40 (1-2) ◽

pp. 18-22 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

M Aktar ◽

M Rashid ◽

MG Azam ◽

MAR Howlider ◽

MA Hoque

Keyword(s):

Fish Meal ◽

Control Diet ◽

Live Weight ◽

Shrimp Waste ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Meat Yield ◽

Complete Replacement ◽

Feed Cost ◽

Ad Libitum ◽

Marine Waste

A total of 192, 14 days old as hatched broilers were fed ad libitum up to 56 days of age, on a control diet with 12% fish meal (FM) and 3 test diets; shrimp waste (SW) and/or marine waste (MW) and equal mixture of SW and MW completely replace dietary FM to have their effects on performance. Live weight and feed conversion improved and feed intake depleted on test diets than that on control. The test diets did not affect survivability of broilers. Complete replacement of FM by SW and/or MW reduced feed cost and production cost with increased profitability of raising broilers. Meat yield decreased on test SM and MW diets, but equal mixture of SM and MW, gave similar meat yield to that on control. It was concluded that equal mixture of SM and MW might be better, economic and efficient substitute of FM.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v40i1-2.10785Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2011. 40 (1-2): 18-22

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THE EFFECT OF FEED RESTRICTION AT THE STARTER PHASE ON PERFORMANCE OF BROILER CHICKENS

Nigerian Journal of Animal Production ◽

10.51791/njap.v34i1.2430 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 34 (1) ◽

pp. 69-76

Author(s):

M Tion ◽

M. T. Orga ◽

I. A. Adeka

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Mortality Rate ◽

Feed Intake ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Live Weight ◽

Feed Restriction ◽

Control Group ◽

Broiler Chicks ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Ad Libitum

Two hundred and twenty five day old straight run broiler chicks were utilized in completely randomized design to test the effect of restricting feed intake of four groups of chicks to 92.5% 85.0%, 77.5% and 70.0% of the unrestricted (control) group in the starter phase and following adlibitum feeding for all groups in the finisher phase. The treatments were simply designated as A, B, C, D and E. The starter phase in which the restriction was carried out lasted 28 days and the finisher phase 42 days. Parameters evaluated during the starter and finisher phases included; growth rate, feed conversion ration and mortality rate. Results show gain in weight among all groups while the group fed diet B and the control had comparable weight gain at the starter phase. The percentage weight difference between the control and each of the other dietary groups was: 4.4%, 8.4%, 8.6% and 10.4% for the treatments B, C, D and E respectively. Feed gain ration improved as the level of restriction became stricter. Following ad-libitum feeding of all grops at the finisher phase, the feed restricted groups at the starter phase voraciously increased their feed intake, thus, producing comparable performance values with the unrestricted (control) group in weight gain in the 8th week of the study. Although birds in all groups averaged more than 2000g final live weight in 10weeks, significant differences exist between groups that were fed diets C, D, and E that were restricted at the starter phase, an indication that complete compensatory growth was not obtainable. Feed gain ration improved for restricted groups. Mortality rate did not show any trend attributable to levels of feed restriction. This study shows that broiler chicks fed restricted levels of balanced diet at the starter phase but later fed ad-libitum at the finisher phase could attain a finished weight of about 2000g or more at a market age of 10 weeks (70 days) with an improvement in feed gain ration.

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Performance and haematological parameters of Kano brown bucks fed diet containing graded levels of cottonseed cake

Nigerian Journal of Animal Production ◽

10.51791/njap.v45i1.353 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 45 (1) ◽

pp. 351-359

Author(s):

H. I. Finangwai ◽

C. J. Orisakwe ◽

P. Joshua ◽

E. D. Udoh ◽

B. S. Dafur

Keyword(s):

Feed Intake ◽

Crop Residues ◽

Live Weight ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Haematological Parameters ◽

Protein Supplement ◽

Cottonseed Cake ◽

Weight Changes ◽

Feed Cost ◽

Ad Libitum

A 60 day study was carried out to determine the effect of protein supplement in Kano brown bucks. Twenty four bucks with initial weight of 10.25-12.33 kg were grouped into three of eight bucks each and were randomly assigned to the three treatment diets in a completely randomized design. Prior to this, concentrate diets were formulated to contain 15%, 30% and 45% cottonseed cake (CSC) as the protein supplement in the dietary treatments. Crop residues formed the basal diet and were fed ad libitum. Alongside, fresh clean water was provided to goats ad libitum. Parameters determined during the experiment were feed intake, daily weight changes, Feed cost and and haematological parameters. Result showed that protein, EE, lysine, methionine and fibre contents increased with increasing levels of CSC in diet, whereas ME in kcal/kg reduced as CSC in diet increased. Feed intake significantly (P<0.05) decreased with increasing levels of CSC in diet across treatment. Final weight gain, average daily live weight and feed to gain ratio significantly (P<0.05) increased when CSC in diet increased from 15% to 45%. Feed cost (N/kg) increased with increased in CSC. However, cost of concentrate intake and feed cost/gain were better for animal fed 45%. Although, varying levels of CSC in diet significantly (P<0.05) influenced the haematological values of WBC, PVC and were within acceptable regions. The distribution of neutrophils, lymptrocytes, monocytes, basophils and eosinophils reduced with increasing levels of CSC in diet, though were not significantly (P>0.05) affected by variation of levels of CSC in diets. It is concluded that including protein supplement such as cottonseed cake in buck diets at 45% can be beneficial to Kano brown bucks.

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Influence of timing and duration of feed restriction on growth and economic performance of finisher broiler chickens

African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development ◽

10.18697/ajfand.55.11650 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 12 (55) ◽

pp. 6976-6986

Author(s):

OA Makinde ◽

Keyword(s):

Feed Intake ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Live Weight ◽

Feed Restriction ◽

Meat Production ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Final Body Weight ◽

Ad Libitum ◽

Cost Of Production

The study investigated different feed restriction programs during an 8-week broiler chicken growing cycle as a management strategy for reducing cost of production. Initially, 90 Hubbard day-old chicks fed ad libitum a commercial starter feed supplying 24% crude protein and 3000 kcal of ME/kg for 4 weeks. Thereafter, they were randomly allotted to five different feed restriction programs (R0, R5, R56, R67 and R57) utilizing finisher diets supplying 19% crude protein and 2850 kcal of ME/kg from 5-8 weeks. Each program had three replicates and six birds per replicate. Unrestricted (R0) was the control where birds fed ad libitum. In R5, birds were restricted the 5th week; R56, 5th and 6th weeks; R67, 6th and 7th weeks, and R57, 5th and 7th weeks. However, all the feed-restricted birds fed ad libitum in the 8th week. Feed restriction involved feeding one-third feed intake of R0 birds starting from 14.00 to 18.00 h daily and performance parameters recorded. Feed restriction negatively affected growth performance as the severity of restriction increased. Final body weight, carcass weight, average daily gain and average daily feed intake were similar (P>0.05) for R0 and R5 but higher than R56, R67 and R57. However, feed restriction did not significantly affect (P>0.05) carcass and breast yields or feed conversion ratio except for R67, the least (P<0.05) feed efficient. Feed cost, cost of production and revenue declined as the period of restriction increased. However, profit or profit/kg live weight, economic efficiency (EE) of feed and relative EE of feed were highest for R0 followed by R5, R56, R57 and R67 in that order. Generally, birds restricted for 1 week performed better than those restricted for 2 weeks and birds restricted continuously for 2 weeks before the last week of re-alimentation and slaughter were inferior to others. These results suggest that the duration and timing of feed restriction can reduce cost in broiler meat production without seriously affecting performance or economics of production depending on the restriction program applied.

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Performance of broiler with feeding different levels of palm oil

Bangladesh Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.3329/bjas.v43i1.19384 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 43 (1) ◽

pp. 45-51

Author(s):

GB Das ◽

ME Hossain ◽

MA Akbar

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Palm Oil ◽

Feed Intake ◽

Live Weight ◽

Heart Weight ◽

Free Access ◽

Broiler Chicks ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Different Levels

Six hundred day-old unsexed broiler chicks were used in a 42-day trial to compare the effects of different levels of palm oil supplementation on feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion and carcass quality of broilers. The chicks were randomly distributed following a completely randomized design in four treatment groups having three replications per treatment. Each treatment had 150 broilers with 50 broilers per replicate. Four diets were formulated using locally available ingredients as diet without oil, diets containing 2.5%, 3.0% and 3.5% palm oil. All broilers had free access to ad libitum feeding. Results indicated that, supplementation of diets with different levels of palm oil significantly (p<0.05) influenced feed intake of broiler only at the age of 6th week. It was observed that as the level of supplementation increased, feed intake gradually decreased up to 6th week. Supplementation of diets with different levels of palm oil increased live weight gain of broilers. Differences (p<0.01) were observed at the end of 4th, 5th and 6th weeks of age only. Use of different levels of palm oil significantly (p<0.05) changed blood weight, heart weight and dressed weight. Survivability of broilers was higher in the supplemented group compared with without oil group. It was concluded that, supplementation of palm oil at 3.5% level in the diet of broilers resulted higher weight gain, better feed conversion and improved carcass characteristics comparing other levels. It may be concluded that supplementation of palm oil at 3.5% level in the diet of broilers resulted significantly (p>0.05) higher feed conversion ratio compared to 2.5% and 3.0% levels.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v43i1.19384 Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2014. 43 (1): 45-51

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Performance and haematological parameters of Kano brown bucks fed diet containing graded levels of cottonseed cake

Nigerian Journal of Animal Production ◽

10.51791/njap.v45i1.356 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 45 (1) ◽

pp. 89-98

Author(s):

H. I. Finangwai ◽

C. J. Orisakwe ◽

P. Joshua ◽

E. D. Udoh ◽

B. S. Dafur

Keyword(s):

Feed Intake ◽

Crop Residues ◽

Live Weight ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Haematological Parameters ◽

Protein Supplement ◽

Cottonseed Cake ◽

Weight Changes ◽

Feed Cost ◽

Ad Libitum

A 60 day study was carried out to determine the effect of protein supplement in Kano brown bucks. Twenty four bucks with initial weight of 10.25-12.33 kg were grouped into three of eight bucks each and were randomly assigned to the three treatment diets in a completely randomized design. Prior to this, concentrate diets were formulated to contain 15%, 30% and 45% cottonseed cake (CSC) as the protein supplement in the dietary treatments. Crop residues formed the basal diet and were fed ad libitum. Alongside, fresh clean water was provided to goats ad libitum. Parameters determined during the experiment were feed intake, daily weight changes, Feed cost and and haematological parameters. Result showed that protein, EE, lysine, methionine and fibre contents increased with increasing levels of CSC in diet, whereas ME in kcal/kg reduced as CSC in diet increased. Feed intake significantly (P<0.05) decreased with increasing levels of CSC in diet across treatment. Final weight gain, average daily live weight and feed to gain ratio significantly (P<0.05) increased when CSC in diet increased from 15% to 45%. Feed cost (N/kg) increased with increased in CSC. However, cost of concentrate intake and feed cost/gain were better for animal fed 45%. Although, varying levels of CSC in diet significantly (P<0.05) influenced the haematological values of WBC, PVC and were within acceptable regions. The distribution of neutrophils, lymptrocytes, monocytes, basophils and eosinophils reduced with increasing levels of CSC in diet, though were not significantly (P>0.05) affected by variation of levels of CSC in diets. It is concluded that including protein supplement such as cottonseed cake in buck diets at 45% can be beneficial to Kano brown bucks.

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An appraisal of performance of broiler birds fed with different commercial feed in Kano State, Nigeria

Journal of Agricultural Research and Development ◽

10.4314/jard.v18i1.7 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 57-62

Author(s):

Mubarak Haladu ◽

Ahmed Abubakar

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Feed Intake ◽

Live Weight ◽

Conversion Ratio ◽

Feed Conversion Ratio ◽

Broiler Chicks ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Live Weight Gain ◽

Feed Cost ◽

Commercial Feed

The experiment was carried out to determine the overall performance and economic analysis of broiler chickens fed different commercial diets marketed in Kano metropolis. A total of 112 day-old Zertek strain of broiler chicks were randomly allotted to four dietary treatments coded as A, B, C and Din a completely randomized design. Each group was replicated 4 times with seven birds per replicate. Birds were weighed at the onset of the experiment and weekly thereafter. Feed intake and live weight gain were measured, recorded and used to determine the feed conversion ratio. The chicks were managed on a deep litter system and the experiment lasted for six weeks. Feed and water were supplied ad libitum throughout the feeding trial. Results revealed that feed intake of birds ranged from 78.5-87.3 (g/b/d), live weight gain ranged from 49.3 – 53.9 (g/b/d) while feed conversion ratio ranged between 1.59 and 1.64. There were no significant (P > 0.05) differences in feed intake and feed conversion ratio. However, significant (P < 0.05) difference was observed in live weight gain where birds on treatments B, C, and D were superior to birds on treatment A. The market costs of the feeds at the time of the experiment were used to calculate the feed cost (₦ / kg), total feed cost (₦), feed cost (₦ /kg gain). Feed cost ₦/kg gain was best in treatment A. Keywords: Appraisal, Performance, Broiler birds, Commercial feed, Kano state.

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Effect of incorporating rice bran or parboiled rice polish with or without exogenous phytase in the diet on growth of Jinding ducklings

Research in Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries ◽

10.3329/ralf.v2i3.26167 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 445-451

Author(s):

Nebash Chandra Pal ◽

Syed Mohammad Bulbul ◽

Zannatul Mawa ◽

Muslah Uddin Ahammad

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Rice Bran ◽

Feed Intake ◽

Feed Efficiency ◽

Low Cost ◽

Live Weight ◽

Experimental Period ◽

Parboiled Rice ◽

Feed Cost ◽

Biological Performance

A total of 48 straight-run day old ducklings (DOD) of Jinding were fed ad libitum on four (4) iso-nitrogenous and iso-caloric diets (3000 Kcal ME/kg and 22% CP) having 3 replicates each. The diets were formulated using 20% rice bran (RB) or parboiled rice polish (PRP) with or without exogenous phytase (10g/kg). Ducklings were fed up to 28 days of age to observe the effect of RB and PRP based diet on the growth performance. Feeding of PRP based diet with enzyme resulted in increased live weight gain and feed efficiency. There was no difference in feed intake on both diets (p>0.05). However, the formulating cost of PRP based diet was higher than that of RB based diet. Addition of enzyme promoted growth and feed efficiency but did not affect feed intake significantly during the experimental period and increased feed cost. Therefore, it appeared that the biological performance of PRP based diet with or without enzyme was better than that of RB based diet. However, the feed cost was less in RB based diet with or without phytase. Therefore, to formulate low cost diet, RB seemed to be superior over PRP, but for better growth performance PRP can be used in the diet of ducklings. In conclusion, the findings demonstrated that the PRP based diets with or without phytase was superior to RB based diets with or without phytase in terms of growth performance, but RB based diet was superior in terms of feed cost. Therefore, it appeared that increased growth performance cannot be a basis of using RB and PRP. Rather, costeffectiveness of feeding ducklings on RB and PRP based diet must be taken into account.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.2(3): 445-451, December 2015

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Effects of chito-oligosaccharides and L-carnitine supplementation in diets for Japanese quails on performance, carcass traits and some blood parameters

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia ◽

10.1590/1678-7507 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 67 (1) ◽

pp. 283-289 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

T. Tufan ◽

C. Arslan ◽

Ö. Durna ◽

K. Önk ◽

M. Sari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carcass Traits ◽

Live Weight ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Blood Parameters ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Carnitine Supplementation ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Feeding Trial ◽

Japanese Quails ◽

Old Japanese

The aim of this study was to determine effects of dietary supplementation with chitosanoligosaccharides (COS) and L-carnitine, individually or dually, on growth performance, carcass traits and some blood serum parameters in quails. A total of 192, four days old, Japanese quail chicks were allotted four groups, each of which included four replicates (12 birds per replicate). The groups received the same basal diet supplemented with 0 (Control), 150mg/kg chitosanoligosaccharides (COS), 150mg/kg L-carnitine (Carnitine), and 150 mg/kg chitosanoligosaccharides+150 mg/kg L-carnitine (COS+Car.) during the starter (1 to 21 days) and a grower (22 to 42 days) period. The feeding trial shoved that COS, L-carnitine and COS+L-carnitine had no significant effect on live weight, live weight gain, feed consumption and feed conversion. Supplementation with COS+L-carnitine induced higher leg ratio from than that of the Control. There were no differences on serum albumin, total protein, glucose and total cholesterol concentrations. It is concluded that due to the obtained higher leg ratio from COS+Car. group, after analysis of the profit and loss, if is economically profitable, chitosanoligosaccharides+L-carnitine could be added quail diets.

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