scholarly journals Assessment of the shaping ability of three systems used in long oval canals

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e349101119593
Author(s):  
Kauhanna Vianna de Oliveira ◽  
Flávia Sens Fagundes Tomazinho ◽  
Vinícius Rodrigues dos Santos ◽  
Wander José da Silva ◽  
Prescila Mota de Oliveira Kublitski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Microcomputed Tomography ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
P Values ◽  
Whitney Test ◽  
Volume Variation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Shaping Ability ◽  
Lower Incisors

The aim of this study was to analyze volume variation, untouched walls, transportation, and centralization in long oval canals prepared with ProTaper Next (PTN), X File (XF) and X Gray (XG) by microcomputed tomography (micro-CT). Forty-five lower incisors were divided into three groups (PTN, XF and XG) with 15 specimens each, according to the micro-CT pre-instrumentation (PI) analysis. After the use of each instrument new exams were performed. Volume variation and untouched walls data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA, and for the first one, Tukey HSD or Games-Howell tests were applied in the sequence; data of transportation and centralization were compared by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney test. The statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Between thirds, higher wear values were found in the cervical (p <0.001). PI and the instrument X3 (30/.07) differed in all systems (p < 0.05). No significant difference concerning the percentage of untouched walls between the systems occurred (p = 0.836), while the degree of transportation and centralization was similar between then, with p values of 0.531 and 0.155, respectively. However, between thirds, significant difference was found (pc = 0.029), with the middle third presenting superior centralization than the apical (p = 0.010). In conclusion, PTN, XF and XG had similar results in the shaping ability, transportation, and centralization of long oval canals.

scholarly journals Analysis of the area and the number of pulmonary alveoli through the normal aging process in CD1 mouse

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Ortega-Martínez ◽  
Esthefania Gutiérrez-Arenas ◽  
Vanessa Gutiérrez-Dávila ◽  
Alberto Niderhauser-García ◽  
Ricardo M Cerda-Flores ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aging Process ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Normal Aging ◽  
P Values ◽  
Pulmonary Alveoli ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Old Mice ◽  
Alveolar Area

During the aging process, the lung exhibits structural changes accompanied by a decline in its function. The related information currently available is still scarce and contradictory. In addition, changes in some pulmonary parameters through aging process are species- and strain- dependent. The aim of this study was the assessment of the area and the number of pulmonary alveoli through the normal aging process in CD1 mouse. Paraffin-embedded sections of lungs from CD1 mice at age of 2, 6, 12, 18, or 24 months were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and examined using a light microscope. Images were captured using a camera linked to an image analysis software to measure areas and count alveoli. There was a significant difference in the alveolar area among the ages analyzed (F=87.53, Sig.=0.000). The alveolar area of the 6-, 12-, 18-, and 24-month-old mice was significantly greater (all p values < 0.001) than in mice at 2 months of age. Also, the alveolar number was significantly different among the ages tested (F=3.21, Sig.=0.023). The number of alveoli in mice at 2 months of age was greater than in mice at all other age groups, reaching statistical significance when compared with the 6-, 12-, and 18-month-old mice ( p values of 0.044, 0.014, and 0.002, respectively). Thus, we observed an increase in alveolar area and a decrease in alveolar number through the aging process. This information might be useful to understand pathologic changes underlying susceptibility of elderly individuals to chronic lower respiratory tract diseases.

scholarly journals Geometric Analysis of Maxillary First Premolar Prepared by Two Nickel-Titanium Rotary Instruments

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dina Al-Sudani ◽  
Majed Almalki ◽  
Saad Al-Shahrani ◽  
Michael Ahlquist
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Geometric Analysis ◽  
Microcomputed Tomography ◽  
Nickel Titanium ◽  
Rotary Instruments ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Canal Transportation ◽  
Shaping Ability

ABSTRACT Aim The present study was conducted with the aim of evaluating and comparing the shaping ability of two Nickel-titanium rotary instruments, with two disparate design features, on root canal geometry of extracted human maxillary first premolars using microcomputed tomography. Study design Twenty four bifurcated maxillary first premolars were divided into two groups and embedded in a rubber-based impression material. Both groups were submitted to microcomputed tomography before and after canal preparation (buccal and palatal) with either ProFile Vortex or Revo-S rotary instruments. Images were reconstructed and cross-sections corresponding to a distance 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 mm from the anatomical apex were selected for canal transportation analysis. Volume changes were also measured. Results The degree and direction of canal transportation were non-significant for both instruments. Statistically significant differences were observed only between levels in the buccal canal in both groups. There was no significant difference between the two rotary systems in regards to the volume of dentin removed. Conclusion Our findings showed that ProFile Vortex and Revo-S instruments respected the original root canal anatomy and behaved similarly. ProFile Vortex rotary systems produced with innovative process were concluded to shape the upper maxillary premolar by leading minimal canal transportation, similar to Revo-S, rotary systems produced from traditional process. How to cite this article Al-Sudani D, Almalki M, Al-Shahrani S, Ahlquist M. Geometric Analysis of Maxillary First Premolar Prepared by Two Nickel-Titanium Rotary Instruments. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(2):174-180.

scholarly journals Comparison of Intralesional Meglumine Antimonite along withoral Itraconazole to Intralesional Meglumine Antimonitein the treatment of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Uzma Bashir ◽  
Moizza Tahir ◽  
Muhammad Irfan Anwar ◽  
Faisal Manzoor
Keyword(s):  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Clinical Cure ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
P Values ◽  
Meglumine Antimoniate ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Oral Itraconazole ◽  
Group B

Background & Objective: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is endemic in developing countries like Pakistan. Pentavalent antimonials are still drug of choice, despite being toxic and intolerable for patients. Second line treatments have been extensively studied but the results of their efficacy are conflicting. This, to our knowledge, will be the first study in this regard. Our objective was to  determine if combination of oral itraconazole with intralesional (IL) meglumine antimoniate (MA) reduces the duration of treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis, as compared to intralesional MA alone. Methods: A randomized controlled trial (single blinded) was carried out from August 2017 till December 2017 on 69 patients who fulfilled inclusion criteria. They were assigned to Group-A or B by lottery method. Group-A patients received IL MA once a week while Group-B received oral itraconazole 200mg, once daily, for six weeks along with similar regimen of IL MA as Group-A. The patients were assessed every three weeks by the blinded assessor till clinical cure was achieved. A follow up visit, two months after clinical cure was done to look for relapse of the disease. Results: Thirty patients in Group-A and 35 patients in Group-B completed the study. At 3, 6, 9 and 12 weeks the patients were assessed for: no, partial or complete response and results of the two groups were compared for statistical significance. The p-values of 0.20, 0.57 and 0.11 at 3, 6 and 9 weeks, respectively, depict that there was no significant difference at any step of assessment between the two groups in terms of healing. The p values of each t test was >0.05 refuting the hypothesis. Conclusion: Combination of oral itraconazole with intralesional MA offered no benefit over intralesional MA alone in the management of cutaneous leishmaniasis in terms of duration of therapy.  Abbreviations Used: IL = Intralesional,  MA = Meglumine Antimoniate, LD = Leishmania Donovan, CL = Cutaneous leishmaniasis, CMH = Combined Military Hospital. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.363 How to cite this:Bashir U, Tahir M, Anwar MI, Manzoor F. Comparison of Intralesional Meglumine Antimonite along with oral Itraconazole to Intralesional Meglumine Antimonite in the treatment of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(6):1669-1673.   doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.363 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals Electronic cigarettes

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jackie Sham ◽  
BCIT School of Health Sciences, Environmental Health ◽  
Vanessa Karakilic ◽  
Kevin Soulsbury ◽  
Fred Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Null Hypothesis ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Electronic Cigarette ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Inferential Statistics ◽  
P Values ◽  
Nicotine Content ◽  
Nicotine Concentration ◽  
Significant Difference

  Background and Purpose: Electronic cigarettes are gaining vast popularity because the perceived impression about electronic cigarettes is they are a safer alternative to conventional smoking (Belluz, 2015). As a result, more teenagers are switching to electronic cigarettes either as a smoking cessation tool, or for recreational use. However, it is supported by the evidence review that there is nicotine mislabeling between what the manufacturer has labeled and the actual nicotine content in the liquids (Goniewicz et al., 2012). This is a critical health concern for teenagers and recreational users because they are exposed to nicotine, which is a neurotoxin that creates the addiction for smoking. As a result, over a period of time, recreational electronic cigarette users have a higher chance of switching to conventional smoking (Bach, 2015). Hence, the purpose of this research is to determine whether nicotine can be found in nicotine free electronic cigarette liquids Methods: The nicotine content in the electronic cigarette liquids will be determined using Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry. Inferential statistics such as a one tailed t-test will be done using Microsoft Excel and SAS to see if nicotine can be detected in nicotine-free electronic cigarette liquids and if there is a statistically significant difference. Results: The two p-values from the parametric test were 0.2811 and 0.2953. The p-value to reject the null hypothesis was set at 0.05. Because the p-values from the inferential statistics were greater than 0.05, the null hypothesis was not rejected and the actual nicotine content is equal to what the manufacturer had labeled as nicotine free. Discussion: Although the inferential statistics indicated that there was no statistical significance in nicotine concentration, two out of the ten nicotine free electronic cigarette liquids measured nicotine levels above 0 ppm. Conclusion: There was not a significant difference in nicotine concentration found in the electronic cigarette liquids and the actual nicotine concentration is equal to the labeled concentration. However, because the sample size of only ten is too small, there is a potential for type 2 error. Also, the samples came from only two manufacturers. Therefore, the results from this research are not representative for all the electronic cigarette liquids. More research should be conducted to provide scientific evidence to stop recreational electronic cigarette users from the exposure of electronic cigarettes as these could act as a stepping-stone towards smoking conventional cigarettes. Teenagers who start smoking at an early age will be more  

Volumetric Cuspal Deflection of Premolars Restored With Different Paste-like Bulk-fill Resin Composites Evaluated by Microcomputed Tomography

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-150
Author(s):  
G Demirel ◽  
IH Baltacioglu ◽  
ME Kolsuz ◽  
M Ocak ◽  
B Bilecenoglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resin Composite ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Multiple Comparisons ◽  
Microcomputed Tomography ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Cavity Depth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ct System

SUMMARY Objectives: The aim of this study was to measure the volumetric cuspal deflection of premolars restored with different paste-like bulk-fill resin composites using microcomputed tomography (micro-CT). Methods and Materials: A total of 35 freshly extracted human maxillary second premolars were selected for this study. Standardized large MOD cavities were prepared in each premolar with a bucco-lingual width of 4 mm and a cavity depth of 4 mm measured from the palatal cusp tip. After cavity preparation, all samples were scanned immediately using a micro-CT system. After the initial micro-CT scanning, restorative procedures were performed. Four groups received different paste-like bulk-fill composites—Beautifil-Bulk Restorative (BBR), Admira Fusion x-tra (AFX), x-tra fill, and Sonic Fill—and the control group received a conventional universal composite and Clearfil Majesty Esthetic (CME). Immediately after the restorative procedure, each tooth was scanned by micro-CT in the same manner as the initial scanning. The buccal and palatal regions of each restoration were evaluated separately in terms of cuspal deflection. One-way analysis of variance was used to compare the effect of the composite resin, and multiple comparisons were performed by the Tukey test with a level of significance of α = 0.05. Results and Discussion: Multiple comparisons showed that teeth restored with the conventional paste-like composite and CME (control) had significantly different cuspal deflection from those filled with paste-like bulk-fill composites (p&lt;0.05). Among the bulk-fill composites, a significant difference was observed between BBR and AFX (p&lt;0.05). Conclusions: Paste-like bulk-fill resin composites had significantly lower cuspal deflection than the conventional paste-like resin composite tested.

Calcifediol Concentration vs Circulating Thyrotropin and Free Thyroxine in Human Blood of Postmenopausal Women

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 2089-2091
Author(s):  
Mihaela Popescu ◽  
Mara Carsote ◽  
Adina Ghemigian ◽  
Nina Ionovici ◽  
Veronica Calborean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Human Blood ◽  
Bone Turnover Markers ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
P Value ◽  
P Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Turnover Markers ◽  
Thyroperoxidase Antibodies

A total of 55 patients were: G1 of 9 patients, G2 of 23 subjects, and G3 of 23 patients. Similar age and years since menopause was found between the groups. There was no statistical significant difference between the groups regarding these aspects: p-value G1-G2 of 0.67, p-value G1-G3 of 0.72, p-value G2-G3 of 0.47. Similar results were obtained when TSH, FT4 and anti-thyroperoxidase antibodies were analysed between the groups. No TSH-25-OHD correlation reached the statistical significance, neither FT4-25-OHD, TPO-25-OD. P-values between G1 and G2 for TSH, FT4, TPO were 0.23, 0.38, respective 0.7, between G2 and G3 were 0.19, 0.1, 0.35, between G1 and G3 were 0.48, 0.84, respective 0.75. Bone profile analyze based on 25-OHD levels did not identify any statistical significance difference between the mentioned groups (including bone turnover markers).

Comparison of Various Root Canal Filling Materials and Obturation Techniques for Primary Teeth Using Microcomputed Tomography

2021 ◽  
pp. 232020682110361
Author(s):  
Gulce Ozturk ◽  
Mustafa Aydinbelge ◽  
Husniye Gumus
Keyword(s):  
Local Anesthesia ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Microcomputed Tomography ◽  
The Other ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Root Canal Filling ◽  
Filling Materials ◽  
Significant Difference

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of different filling materials and obturation techniques for root canal obturation in primary teeth. Materials and Methods: Eighty maxillary primary incisors were included in this in vitro study. After biomechanical preparation, all samples were scanned using microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) and root canal volumes were calculated. Samples were grouped according to filling materials and obturation techniques, with ten samples in each group. The samples were filled with zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE) and Vitapex using four different obturation techniques (local anesthesia syringe, lentulo spiral, pastinject, and lentulo spiral–ultrasonic activation). After filling, samples were scanned a second time using micro-CT and root canal volumes were calculated. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 24.0. Data were analyzed by Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U tests. Results: When the ZOE and Vitapex were compared, it was observed that there were no significant differences between their postobturated volumes, percentage obturated volume (POV), internal void (IV), and percentage of internal void volume (PIV) ( P > .05). The local anesthesia syringe group had a significantly lower postobturated volume and POV, and a significantly higher IV and PIV for both filling materials than that by the other groups ( P < .05). There was no significant difference between the other obturation techniques ( P > .05). For the local anesthesia syringe group, postobturated volume and POV were significantly higher and IV and PIV were significantly lower with Vitapex than with ZOE ( P < .05). There was no significant difference between the other obturation techniques filled either with ZOE or Vitapex ( P > .05). Conclusion: Except for the syringe technique, no difference was observed between the ZOE and Vitapex materials. The syringe technique used in the primary root canal filling was less effective than the other techniques, which had similar efficacy, and in this technique, more effective canal filling was achieved with Vitapex.

scholarly journals Shaping ability of 2Shape and NeoNiTi rotary instruments in preparation of curved canals using micro-computed tomography

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Faisal ◽  
Rajab Saif ◽  
Mona Alsulaiman ◽  
Zuhair S. Natto
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Canal Transportation ◽  
Shaping Ability ◽  
Curved Root Canals

Abstract Background Various systems of nickel-titanium (NiTi) instrument have long been commercially available. However, the preparation of narrow and curved root canals has always been challenging. The purpose of this study was to compare the shaping ability of two NiTi systems (2Shape and NeoNiTi) in severely curved root canals with different morphological patterns using micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT). Methods A total of 22 human extracted permanent teeth of mandibular first molars, with the exact mesial angle of curvature of 25 and 35 degrees, according to Schneider’s technique, were distributed randomly into two groups (group I: 2Shape, group II: NeoNiTi) based on the rotary system used (n = 22). The groups were subdivided into two subgroups corresponding to the angle of canal curvature (25° and 35°) (n = 11). Canals were scanned using Micro-CT pre- and post-preparation to assess the volume of dentin removed; canal transportation; and canal centering ratio at 3, 6, and 9 mm from the apex. The Mann–Whitney U test was utilized to determine any significant differences between the two systems. The level of statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results There was no significant difference between the two groups in volume of dentin removed; canal transportation; and centering ability for 25° and 35° canal curvatures at 3, 6, and 9 mm from the apex (coronal, middle, and apical) thirds (p > 0.05). At the middle third, the NeoNiTi group demonstrated a statistically significant increase in volume of dentin removed for 35° canal curvatures compared to the 2Shape group. Conclusion Within the limitation of our in vitro study, 2Shape and NeoNiTi systems with severely curved canals were confirmed to be relatively safe in preparation and to respect original canal anatomy. Nevertheless, NeoNiTi instruments produced more centered preparation and minimal canal deviation compared to the 2Shape system.

scholarly journals Comparison of Shaping Ability of Different Single-File Systems Using Microcomputed Tomography

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (01) ◽  
pp. 070-076 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Mohamed Elashiry ◽  
Shehab Eldin Saber ◽  
Salma Hasan Elashry
Keyword(s):  
File Systems ◽  
Middle Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Apical Level ◽  
Single File ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Canal Transportation ◽  
Shaping Ability

Abstract Objectives To evaluate the shaping ability of four different single-file systems using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Materials and Methods Eighty mesiobuccal and mesiolingual canals of permanent mandibular molars were randomly assigned to four groups according to the file used; WaveOne Gold, RECIPROC Blue, HyFlex EDM, and One Shape (n = 20). The samples were scanned using micro-CT for the preinstrumentation record; then the canals were instrumented and scanned for the postinstrumentation records. Statistical Analysis The data were then analyzed statistically using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with the level of significance set at α = 0.05. Results The results of canal centering ratio and canal transportation showed that no significant difference was found among the four file groups at the middle and the coronal levels. However, a significant difference was found at the apical level (p < 0.05), where WaveOne Gold showed the best centering ratio and the least amount of canal transportation. The change in the canal volume was significant at the coronal level (p < 0.05), whereas the change in the canal volume was higher for the HyFlex EDM group than the other groups. No significant difference was found between the other groups at the apical level, middle level, or in the total percentage of canal volume. Conclusion WaveOne Gold produced a more centralized canal preparation with a lesser amount of transportation at the apical level. HyFlex EDM showed the highest canal volumetric change at the coronal level. The interim design of the endodontic files has a high impact on the behavior of the file inside the root canal.

Marginal Leakage of Class V Composite Restorations Assessed Using Microcomputed Tomography and Scanning Electron Microscope

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 440-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Rengo ◽  
C Goracci ◽  
G Ametrano ◽  
N Chieffi ◽  
G Spagnuolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Microcomputed Tomography ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Class V ◽  
Composite Restorations ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Scanning Electron

SUMMARY Objective The aim of the study was to compare in Class V composite restorations marginal leakage measurements obtained with microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations. Methods Class V cavities were prepared on 10 human molars and restored using Optibond FL (Kerr, Orange, CA, USA) and Premise Flowable (Kerr). Sealing ability was evaluated by assessing silver-nitrate penetration depth along enamel and dentin margins. Leakage was quantified using a scoring system. Micro-CT analysis provided 502 cross-sectional images for each tooth. Microleakage evaluation was performed first on three cross-sections corresponding to the sections examined by SEM, then on all 502 of the obtained micro-CT images. SEM observations were performed first at 20× magnification, then, if showing a zero score, at 80× magnification. Enamel and dentin microleakage scores assigned to corresponding sections through micro-CT and SEM (20×) were compared (Wilcoxon signed-rank test, α=0.05). Results No statistically significant difference in leakage scores emerged between micro-CT and 20×-magnification SEM. Eight tooth sections that were given a zero score under SEM at 20× magnification showed to be infiltrated at the higher magnification (80×). For five teeth a higher score was assigned following scanning of 502 cross-sections than based on the observation of three sections. Conclusions Micro-CT presents as a valid, nondestructive in vitro method to quantitatively evaluate marginal leakage of adhesive restorations.

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