Quantification of biomass and litter in agroforestry system with sour orange cultivation in the Brazilian Amazon

The knowledge of the quantity and composition of the deposited biomass is useful to plan the nutrient management of cultivations in agroforestry systems. The objective of this work was to evaluate the production of biomass and litter in two agroforestry systems with organic and conventional cultivations of sour orange. The areas use models of orange production by monoculture and under agroforestry systems: the first agroforestry system is composed of rows of brazilian mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla K.) accompanied by double rows of orange trees (Citrus aurantium L.); the second system is composed of rows of ingá (Ingá edulis Mart.) accompanied by double rows of orange trees. A completely randomized design was used in a 10x2 factorial scheme, with 4 replications. The locations within the management systems were organized as follows: agroforestry system composed of mahogany trees; Ingá trees agroforestry system; conventional sour orange monoculture system. The areas that the biomass and litter were collected in the locations in the systems were: between plants in the row for cultivation of forest species that make up the system; between rows of the forest species row and orange cultivation row; between plants in the orange cultivation row; between rows of the double row of orange cultivation. Two periods were analyzed in the experiment: the months of lowest and highest rainfall. Agroforestry systems promoted greater biomass and litter to the soil compared to monoculture. In this way, they were configured as a beneficial practice for the soil in sour orange crops in the Brazilian Amazon.

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EFFECT OF CHARCOAL -ENRICHED SUBSTRATE ON SEEDLINGS OF RHIZOBIUM-INOCULATED LEGUME TREES

Revista Árvore ◽

10.1590/0100-67622016000600010 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 40 (6) ◽

pp. 1049-1058 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Aroldo Felipe de Freitas ◽

Luiz Augusto Gomes de Souza ◽

Irene Maria Cardoso ◽

Nelson Venturin

Keyword(s):

Water Retention ◽

Clay Soil ◽

Agroforestry Systems ◽

Inga Edulis ◽

Legume Trees ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Dry Biomass ◽

Native Legume ◽

Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT Native legume trees are planted in agroforestry systems for their hardiness and symbiosis with soil bacteria of the genus rhizobium, efficient in N2 fixation. The enrichment of the substrate composition with fine charcoal for seedling production of these trees is interesting for increasing soil porosity, water retention and the proliferation of beneficial microorganisms. Experiments were carried out to analyze the effect of substrate enrichment with charcoal on the quality of Clitoria fairchildiana, Enterolobium schomburgkii and Inga edulis seedlings. The treatments consisted of a 3:2:0.5 (v:v) mixture of clay soil, sand and bovine manure and a 3:2 (v:v) mixture of clay soil and sand combined with charcoal rates of 0, 10, 19 and 29%. After mixing the components, substrate samples were collected and chemically analyzed. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 10 replications. The seedlings were inoculated with homologues rhizobia and growth controlled monthly. The plants were collected to determine the number of nodules and dry biomass of roots, shoots and nodules. Seedling growth was similar on substrates containing charcoal or manure, except for E. schomburkii, which increased by more than 100% on the charcoal-containing substrates. The number and dry biomass of nodules in the charcoal-containing substrates was up to 100% and 300% higher than in the manure-containing treatment, respectively. The results indicated that the substitution of manure by charcoal favors the seedling quality of the studied species.

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Respon Fisiologi Mindi (Melia azedarach L.) dan Kedelai (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) dalam Agroforestri Secara Organik

Journal of Tropical Silviculture ◽

10.29244/j-siltrop.11.1.11-17 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 11-17

Author(s):

Arum Sekar Wulandari ◽

Aditya Wardani ◽

Nurheni Wijayanto

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Uptake ◽

Nutrient Content ◽

Agroforestry System ◽

Agroforestry Systems ◽

Melia Azedarach ◽

Agricultural Crop ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Result Show ◽

Glycine Max L ◽

Root Tree

Mindi is one of commercial tree species for its timber. Sustainable management of mindi community forest can be obtained by inter-planting the trees with agricultural crop such as soybean. This study aimed to analyze physiological respond of mindi and soybean, which were planted in an organic agroforestry system. The research was done in Conservation Unit for Medicinal Plants at Cikabayan, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB). The first study was about the growth of mindi saplings in monoculture and agroforestry systems (with soybean). The experiment used completely randomized design (CRD). The second study was about the growth of soybean in monoculture and agroforestry systems (with mindi), and used split-plot design. The result show that nutrient uptake of N, P, and K in agroforestry system was higher than in monoculture. The increase of nutrient content in agroforestry system led to the higher increase of growth dimensions of mindi tree than the ones in monoculture. The content of soybean chlorophyll planted in agroforestry system was higher than the ones in monoculture. Soybean in agroforestry system had higher nutrient uptake of N, P, and K compared to the ones in monoculture. Soybean productivity in monoculture system showed higher result than the ones in agroforestry. Keywords: chlorophyll, monoculture, root, tree dimension, varieties

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Allelopathic activity of Piptadenia moniliformis Benth. on the physiological potential of seeds of Amburana cearensis Allem.

Scientia Plena ◽

10.14808/sci.plena.2021.731101 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (11) ◽

Author(s):

Joyce Naiara Da Silva ◽

Monalisa Alves Diniz da Silva ◽

Rafael Mateus Alves ◽

Elania Freire Da Silva

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Extract ◽

Native Species ◽

Agroforestry Systems ◽

Allelopathic Effect ◽

Forest Species ◽

Initial Development ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Emergence Percentage ◽

Pharmaceutical Industries ◽

Completely Randomized Design

The adoption of agroforestry systems or reforestation programs contributes to the economy of a region in a sustainable way, since the adopted species can be exploited by the cosmeceutical and pharmaceutical industries. For the establishment of plant species in a given area, studies are needed on the interaction that can develop between them, with emphasis on research on allelopathy. Given the above, the aim of this study was to evaluate the allelopathic effect of the aqueous extract of leaves of the native species Piptadenia moniliformis on the initial development of the forest species Amburana cearensis. The aqueous extract was used at different concentrations. (0 - water, 25, 50, 75 and 100%), adopting a completely randomized design. The following characteristics were evaluated: emergence percentage, emergence speed index, mean emergence time, shoot and root length and total shoot, root and total dry part of normal seedlings. The 100% concentration of the aqueous extract of P. moniliformis leaves reduced the emergence percentage of A. cearensis seedlings. A smaller number of normal seedlings was observed at concentrations of 75 and 100%. The initial development of seedlings was hampered by the increase in extract concentrations. The aqueous extract of fresh leaves of P. moniliformis provides a negative allelopathic effect for both emergence and early development of A. cearensis seedlings, therefore intercropped cultivation among the forest species is not recommended.

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DIMENSI DAN SISTEM PERAKARAN SENTANG (Azadirachta excelsa Jack.) DALAM SISTEM AGROFORESTRI DENGAN MENIRAN (Phyllanthus sp.) Dimension and Rooting System of Sentang (Azadirachta excelsa Jack) in Agroforestry with Meniran (Phyllanthus sp.)

Journal of Tropical Silviculture ◽

10.29244/j-siltrop.9.2.116-119 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 116-119

Author(s):

Nilasari Dewi ◽

Nurheni Wijayanto ◽

Gusmaini .

Keyword(s):

Economic Value ◽

High Growth ◽

Agroforestry System ◽

Agroforestry Systems ◽

Height Growth ◽

Stem Diameter ◽

Conservation Unit ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design

Sentang (Azadirachta excelsa) is one of fast-growing tree species which is resistant to disease and pest. It also has good quality of timber with high economic value. Sentang planting can be integrated with meniran (Phyllanthus sp.). Planting in the agroforestry system will impact positively and negatively to both plants. The aim of this research was to analyze growth of sentang in agroforestry system. This research was conducted in Cultivation for Conservation Unit of Medicinal Plants Biofarmaka, IPB, Dramaga, West Java, Indonesia. The experimental design used was a completely randomized design to analysis sentang growth. The treatment applied was P0= monoculture and P1 = agroforestry. The total height growth and total stem diameter on monoculture are not significantly different with agroforestry. However, the high growth of sentang on the agroforestry was higher than monoculture in the first month, and the stem diameter on the agroforestry system was lower in the second month. Agroforestry systems do not provide any real effect on the growth of the canopy and rooting sentang except in diameter of root.Keywords: agroforestry, Azadirachta excelsa, plant dimension, rooting system

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Growth and yield of orange (Washington Navel 141) grafted on different citrus rootstocks

Agricultural Science and Technology ◽

10.15547/ast.2020.03.039 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Alaa Suhiel Ibrahim

Keyword(s):

Soluble Solids ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Sour Orange ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Experimental Station ◽

Section Area ◽

Washington Navel ◽

Orange Trees ◽

Cleopatra Mandarin ◽

Troyer Citrange

Abstract. This investigation was conducted during 2014, 2015 and 2016 in the field of the citrus experimental station in Ciano, the general corps of scientific agricultural researches. The growth and yield of orange trees (Washington navel 141) budded on seven citrus rootstocks (Sour orange, Troyer citrange, Carrizo citrange, Citrumelo 4475, Citrumelo 1452, Macrophylla and Cleopatra mandarin) and farmed since 1989 have been studied. The results for the average of yield showed that the trees grafted on Cleopatra mandarin (58.33 kg. tree-1) were significantly superior to those grafted on Macrophylla (34.17 kg. tree-1). Orange trees grafted on Citrumelo 4475 and Citrumelo 1452 were significantly superior to other treatments in trunk section area of the rootstock (922.41 and 841.02 cm2, respectively). The greatest fruit fresh weight was in trees grafted on Citrumelo 4475 (284.85 g. fruit-1) which were significantly superior to those grafted on Carrizo and Troyer citrange (232.49 and 236.06 g. fruit-1, respectively). The biggest total soluble solids (%) was in trees grafted on Carrizo and Troyer citrange (12.83% for both treatments) which were significantly superior to those grafted on Sour orangе and Macrophylla (11.5% for both treatments), while the greatest total acids (%) was by Sour orange (2.08%) without significant differences.

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ALLELOPATHIC EFFECTS OF ROSE WOOD, GUAVA, EUCALYPTUS, SACRED FIG AND JAMAN LEAF LITTER ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF WHEAT ( Triticum aestivum L.) IN A WHEAT-BASED AGROFORESTRY SYSTEM

Planta Daninha ◽

10.1590/s0100-83582017350100060 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 35 (0) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

J. IQBAL ◽

H.A. RAUF ◽

A.N. SHAH ◽

B. SHAHZAD ◽

M.A Bukhari

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Leaf Litter ◽

Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Agroforestry System ◽

Agroforestry Systems ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Syzygium Cumini ◽

Allelopathic Effects

ABSTRACT Selection of tree species under agroforestry systems is crucial to sustain the productivity of a crop. In present study, allelopathic effects of the leaf litters of 5 trees named Rose wood (Dalbergia sissoo), Guava (Pisidium guajava), Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camaldulensis), Sacred fig (Ficus religiosa) and Jaman (Syzygium cumini) species on wheat growth and yield was examined. Leaf litter of each tress species was mixed in soil with two doses @ 100 and 200 g of leaves of each species per pot. Higher shoot length, shoot dry weight, number of spikelets per spike and biological yield were recorded in 200 g sun dried Jaman (Syzygium cumini) leaves. Total number of tillers per plant and number of ears per plant were higher under the application of Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaves (200 g sun dried) as compared to other treatments. Spike length, grain yield per pot, number of grains per pot and harvest index were maximum in 200 g sun-dried Sacred fig (Ficu sreligiosa) leaves. Majority of the parameters were promoted at lower doses of leaves per pot, however, at higher doses they started inhibiting the growth and grain yield of wheat.

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Growth and yield of mahogany wood in cocoa-based agroforestry systems of two soil types in the Brazilian Amazon

Agroforestry Systems ◽

10.1007/s10457-018-0327-2 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 93 (6) ◽

pp. 2163-2172

Author(s):

Sylvan Martins dos Reis ◽

Edson Talamini ◽

Paulo Júlio da Silva Neto ◽

Sebastião Geraldo Augusto ◽

Antônio Carlos Gesta de Melo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Brazilian Amazon ◽

Agroforestry Systems ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Soil Types

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Phenology of African mahogany plants submitted to irrigation

Comunicata Scientiae ◽

10.14295/cs.v8i2.1301 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 239-246 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Derblai Casaroli ◽

Flávio De Oliveira Rosa ◽

José Alves Júnior ◽

Adão Wagner Pêgo Evangelista

Keyword(s):

Wood Quality ◽

Good Alternative ◽

Stem Diameter ◽

Forest Species ◽

Drought Period ◽

African Mahogany ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

The Times

In the searching of forest species with good wood quality, easy adaptability and high commercial value, the African mahogany (Khaya ivorensis Chev. A.) have been a good alternative. This study aimed evaluate the phenometric responses of African Mahogany submitted to irrigation. The field experiment was carried out in Bonfinópolis-GO, Brazil, with young plants of African mahogany, being 5 irrigated and 5 non-irrigated. The following variables were evaluated: plant height, stem heigh, number of leaves and leaflets, stem diameter and leaf area. A completely randomized design was used in a bi-factorial scheme 2x9 (A: irrigated and non-irrigated; D: 0, 120, 180, 240, 300, 360, 420, 480, 540 days after transplanting). All the variables showed significant differences not only for irrigated and non-irrigated treatments but also for the times of evaluation, except for stem diameter. Irrigation resulted in higher growth of plants and the irrigation of young African mahogany plants should be used mainly in drought period.

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High organic inputs explain shallow and deep SOC storage in a long-term agroforestry system – Combining experimental and modeling approaches

10.5194/bg-2017-125 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rémi Cardinael ◽

Bertrand Guenet ◽

Tiphaine Chevallier ◽

Christian Dupraz ◽

Thomas Cozzi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Priming Effect ◽

Crop Residues ◽

Triticum Turgidum ◽

Juglans Regia ◽

Farming System ◽

Agroforestry System ◽

Agroforestry Systems ◽

Root Senescence ◽

Soc Stocks

Abstract. Agroforestry is an increasingly popular farming system enabling agricultural diversification and providing several ecosystem services. In agroforestry systems, soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks are generally increased, but it is difficult to disentangle the different factors responsible for this storage. Organic carbon (OC) inputs to the soil may be larger, but SOC decomposition rates may be modified owing to microclimate, physical protection, or priming effect from roots, especially at depth. We used an 18-year-old silvoarable system associating hybrid walnut trees (Juglans regia × nigra) and durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum), and an adjacent agricultural control plot to quantify all OC inputs to the soil – leaf litter, tree fine root senescence, crop residues, and tree row herbaceous vegetation –, and measure SOC stocks down 2 m depth at varying distances from the trees. We then proposed a model that simulates SOC dynamics in agroforestry accounting for both the whole soil profile and the lateral spatial heterogeneity. OC inputs to soil were increased by about 40 % (&plus;1.11 t C ha−1 yr−1) down to 2 m depth in the agroforestry plot compared to the control, resulting in an additional SOC stock of 6.3 t C ha−1 down to 1 m depth. The model described properly the measured SOC stocks and distribution with depth. It showed that the increased inputs of fresh biomass to soil explained the observed additional SOC storage in the agroforestry plot. Moreover, modeling revealed a strong priming effect that would reduce the potential SOC storage due to higher organic inputs in the agroforestry system by 75 to 90 %. This result questions the potential of soils to store large amounts of carbon, especially at depth. Deep-rooted trees modify OC inputs to soil, a process that deserves further studies given its potential effects on SOC dynamics.

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GROWTH AND NUTRITION OF Paratecoma peroba SEEDLINGS IN DIFFERENT TUBE VOLUMES AND CONTROLLED-RELEASE FERTILIZERS

FLORESTA ◽

10.5380/rf.v50i3.65120 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 50 (3) ◽

pp. 1613

Author(s):

Thais Arão Feletti ◽

Emanuel França Araújo ◽

Elzimar De Oliveira Gonçalves ◽

Thamara Arão Feletti ◽

Aline Ramalho Dos Santos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Controlled Release ◽

Nutrient Balance ◽

Mineral Fertilizer ◽

Integrated System ◽

Native Forest ◽

Forest Species ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Growth And Nutrition ◽

Nutritional Balance ◽

Balance Index

Paratecoma peroba is a native forest species of great economic and ecological interest, currently at risk of extinction from selective and illegal exploitation; however, there are no established parameters for the production of seedlings of this species. The objective of this study was to analyze the growth and nutritional balance of P. peroba seedlings grown in polypropylene tubes of different sizes with variable doses of controlled-release fertilizer (CRF). Three volumes of tubes (120, 180, and 280 cm3), four CRF doses (0, 2.5, 5, and 7.5 kg m-3), and a conventional mineral fertilizer (CF) were tested as indicated in the literature for native forest species: arranged in a completely randomized design in a 3 × 5 factorial scheme, with four replicates composed of 16 seedlings. After 180 days, the percentage of survival, growth variables, indices of the diagnosis and recommendation integrated system, and the average nutrient balance index of the seedlings were analyzed. Based on the total dry matter and the mean nutritional balance index, the combination of a 280 cm³ tube with a 7.5 kg m-3 CRF dose was the most effective in the production of P. peroba seedlings.

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