scholarly journals Antibacterial and antifungal activities herbácia Zingiber Officinale in dentistry: a literature review

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e6689109141
Author(s):  
Natália Franco Brum ◽  
Mariana Sobreira Bezerra ◽  
Aline Sobreira Bezerra ◽  
Gabriela Scortegagna de Souza ◽  
Patricia Kolling Marquezan
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Dental Biofilm ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities ◽  
Technological Advances

The pathogenic dental biofilm formed by species presents itself as a serious problem, since it contributes to the development of oral and bodily diseases. In this sense, Dentistry stands out for expanding knowledge about the oral ecosystem and performing procedures aimed at reducing its pathogenicity and improving oral health. Thus, technological advances and indiscriminate application of antibiotics have made bacterial strains resistant, with a great search for safer, more natural and effective methods. Therefore, the use of plants for healthy treatments is an area of great study in Dentistry. In the present literature review, we sought to analyze the species Zingiber officinali with its antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity. For this study, materials were searched at the BIREME, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Embase, Google Schoolar, PubMed, Science Direct, published until August 2020. The search for the articles was carried out in August 2020, of the 3,401 studies were refined in 18. The findings showed that the plant Zingiber officinale has the capacity to inhibit certain bacteria in vitro, such as Bacillus sp., Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus mutans and fungi, like Candida albicans. Thus, studies in the area are still needed in order to prove its effectiveness in vivo, to analyze the toxicity, drug interactions and side effects of the plant.

scholarly journals Treatment of Dental Caries with Diamine Silver Fluoride: Literature Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
Marília Franco Punhagui ◽  
Jaqueline Costa Favaro ◽  
Beatriz Brandão Sacarpelli ◽  
Ricardo Danil Guiraldo ◽  
Murilo Baena Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Caries Prevention ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Silver Diamine Fluoride ◽  
Non Invasive

AbstractBrazilian health care programs recommend the use of cariostatic solutions of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) or sodium fluoride varnishes for children 0 to 3 years old with high or moderate caries activity for the control of caries lesions. SDF is a safe, economical, efficient and non-invasive coadjuvant agent, exerting an antibacterial action capable of reducing superficial mineral loss of the enamel and can be used in the treatment of deciduous and permanent teeth. The objective of this literature review was to gather current information on describing the mechanism of SDF action’ and its clinical application in young children in caries prevention and paralysis. The PubMed / Medline and Cochrane Library databases were accessed by identifying the relevant studies published in English from 1960 to May 2017. The search strategy employed the keywords: “Silver diamine fluoride” and “Children “or “Infant” and “Caries prevention”. Data extraction was performed in: 19 in vitro studies; 10 review articles and 8 in vivo studies. It was possible to conclude that SDF is almost twice as effective compared to fluoride varnish in caries paralysis. However, the contact time of the solution and the optimal frequency of application of the SDF are still undefined, inducing new projects and clinical studies in the search for an adequate clinical protocol of this cariostatic.Keywords: Preventive Dentistry. Children. Dental Caries.Resumo Os programas de assistência à saúde brasileiros recomendam para o controle das lesões de cárie a utilização de soluções cariostáticas de diamino fluoreto de prata - DFP ou vernizes de fluoreto de sódio para crianças de 0 a 3 anos com atividade de cárie alta ou moderada. O DFP é agente coadjuvante seguro, econômico, eficiente e não invasivo, exercendo ação antibacteriana capaz de reduzir a perda mineral superficial do esmalte e, pode ser utilizado no tratamento de dentes decíduos e permanentes. O objetivo desta revisão de literatura foi reunir informações atuais sobre descrever o mecanismo de ação do DFP e sua aplicação clínica em crianças de pouca idade na prevenção e paralisação da cárie. As bases de dados PubMed/Medline e Cochane Library foram acessadas identificando os estudos relevantes publicados em inglês, no período de 1960 a maio de 2017. A estratégia de busca empregou as palavras-chave: “Silver diamine fluoride” and “Children” or “Infant” and “Caries prevention”. A extração dos dados foi realizada em: 19 estudos in vitro; 10 artigos de revisão e 8 estudos in vivo. Foi possível concluir que o DFP apresenta-se quase duas vezes tão eficaz comparado ao verniz fluoretado na paralização de cárie. Porém, o tempo de contato da solução e a frequência ótima de aplicação do DFP ainda estão indefinidos, suscitando novos projetos e estudos clínicos na busca de adequado protocolo clínico deste cariostático.Palavra-chave: Odontologia Preventiva. Criança. Carie Dentária. 

scholarly journals Mathematical model for the thermal enhancement of radiation response: thermodynamic approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana M. De Mendoza ◽  
Soňa Michlíková ◽  
Johann Berger ◽  
Jens Karschau ◽  
Leoni A. Kunz-Schughart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Denaturation ◽  
Collateral Damage ◽  
Hyperthermia Treatment ◽  
Reversible Process ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Thermal Enhancement ◽  
Main Driver ◽  
Definition Of

AbstractRadiotherapy can effectively kill malignant cells, but the doses required to cure cancer patients may inflict severe collateral damage to adjacent healthy tissues. Recent technological advances in the clinical application has revitalized hyperthermia treatment (HT) as an option to improve radiotherapy (RT) outcomes. Understanding the synergistic effect of simultaneous thermoradiotherapy via mathematical modelling is essential for treatment planning. We here propose a theoretical model in which the thermal enhancement ratio (TER) relates to the cell fraction being radiosensitised by the infliction of sublethal damage through HT. Further damage finally kills the cell or abrogates its proliferative capacity in a non-reversible process. We suggest the TER to be proportional to the energy invested in the sensitisation, which is modelled as a simple rate process. Assuming protein denaturation as the main driver of HT-induced sublethal damage and considering the temperature dependence of the heat capacity of cellular proteins, the sensitisation rates were found to depend exponentially on temperature; in agreement with previous empirical observations. Our findings point towards an improved definition of thermal dose in concordance with the thermodynamics of protein denaturation. Our predictions well reproduce experimental in vitro and in vivo data, explaining the thermal modulation of cellular radioresponse for simultaneous thermoradiotherapy.

scholarly journals Synthesis, characterization, and pharmacological evaluation of thiourea derivatives

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 764-777
Author(s):  
Sumaira Naz ◽  
Muhammad Zahoor ◽  
Muhammad Naveed Umar ◽  
Saad Alghamdi ◽  
Muhammad Umar Khayam Sahibzada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Organosulfur Compounds ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Thiourea Derivatives ◽  
Toxicological Effects ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Hematological And Biochemical Parameters

AbstractThioureas and their derivatives are organosulfur compounds having applications in numerous fields such as organic synthesis and pharmaceutical industries. Symmetric thiourea derivatives were synthesized by the reaction of various anilines with CS2. The synthesized compounds were characterized using the UV-visible and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic techniques. The compounds were screened for in vitro inhibition of α-amylase, α-glucosidase, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) enzymes and for their antibacterial and antioxidant potentials. These compounds were fed to Swiss male albino mice to evaluate their toxicological effects and potential to inhibit glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) inhibition. The antibacterial studies revealed that compound 4 was more active against the selected bacterial strains. Compound 1 was more active against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2’-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) free radicals, AChE, BuChE, and α-glucosidase. Compound 2 was more potent against α-amylase and G6Pase. Toxicity studies showed that compound 4 is safe as it exerted no toxic effect on any of the hematological and biochemical parameters or on liver histology of the experimental animals at any studied dose rate. The synthesized compounds showed promising antibacterial and antioxidant potential and were very active (both in vitro and in vivo) against G6Pase and moderately active against the other selected enzymes used in this study.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy and Dental Plaque: A Systematic Review of the Literature

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. C. Santin ◽  
D. S. B. Oliveira ◽  
R. Galo ◽  
M. C. Borsatto ◽  
S. A. M. Corona
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Dental Biofilm ◽  
Quality Assessments

Background. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review of the literature on the efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (PDTa) on cariogenic dental biofilm.Types of Studies Reviewed. Studiesin vivo,in vitro, andin situwere included. Articles that did not address PDTa, those that did not involve cariogenic biofilm, those that used microorganisms in the plankton phase, and reviews were excluded. Data extraction and quality assessments were performed independently by two raters using a scale.Results. Two hundred forty articles were retrieved; only seventeen of them met the eligibility criteria and were analyzed in the present review. Considerable variability was found regarding the methodologies and application protocols for antimicrobial PDTa. Two articles reported unfavorable results.Practical Implications. The present systematic review does not allow drawing any concrete conclusions regarding the efficacy of antimicrobial PDTa, although this method seems to be a promising option.

Anti-giardial therapeutic potential of dichloromethane extracts of Zingiber officinale and Curcuma longa in vitro and in vivo

2016 ◽  
Vol 115 (7) ◽  
pp. 2637-2645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad K. Dyab ◽  
Doaa A. Yones ◽  
Zedan Z. Ibraheim ◽  
Tasneem M. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Zingiber Officinale

scholarly journals Function-adaptive clustered nanoparticles reverse Streptococcus mutans dental biofilm and maintain microbiota balance

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Ostadhossein ◽  
Parikshit Moitra ◽  
Esra Altun ◽  
Debapriya Dutta ◽  
Dinabandhu Sar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Generation ◽  
Biofilm Inhibition ◽  
16S Rrna Analysis ◽  
Dental Biofilm ◽  
Dental Plaques

AbstractDental plaques are biofilms that cause dental caries by demineralization with acidogenic bacteria. These bacteria reside inside a protective sheath which makes any curative treatment challenging. We propose an antibiotic-free strategy to disrupt the biofilm by engineered clustered carbon dot nanoparticles that function in the acidic environment of the biofilms. In vitro and ex vivo studies on the mature biofilms of Streptococcus mutans revealed >90% biofilm inhibition associated with the contact-mediated interaction of nanoparticles with the bacterial membrane, excessive reactive oxygen species generation, and DNA fragmentation. An in vivo examination showed that these nanoparticles could effectively suppress the growth of S. mutans. Importantly, 16S rRNA analysis of the dental microbiota showed that the diversity and richness of bacterial species did not substantially change with nanoparticle treatment. Overall, this study presents a safe and effective approach to decrease the dental biofilm formation without disrupting the ecological balance of the oral cavity.

The in vitro efficacy of neutral electrolysed water and povidone-iodine against CRS-associated biofilms

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
C.A. Lux ◽  
K. Biswas ◽  
M.W. Taylor ◽  
R.G. Douglas
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Povidone Iodine ◽  
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatment ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Bacterial Biofilms ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity

Background: Despite best medical and surgical practice, some cases of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) can remain recalcitrant. Bacterial biofilms have been associated with the recalcitrance of sinonasal inflammation. Biofilms are highly resistant to commonly prescribed antibiotics. Accordingly, more effective antimicrobial treatment options are needed to treat refractory CRS. The aim of this study was to determine the in vitro efficacy of neutral electrolysed water (NEW) and povidone-iodine (PVI) against CRS-associated Staphylococcus aureus biofilms. Methods: Mature S. aureus biofilms were grown in a Centre for Disease Control (CDC) biofilm reactor. The antimicrobial activity of NEW, PVI and doxycycline was determined for both planktonic and biofilm cultures of a clinical S. aureus isolate using minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) assays. Results: MICs and MBCs were determined for all antimicrobials. MBC values were similar to MICs for both antiseptics, but doxycycline MBCs were significantly higher than the associated MICs. Biofilms were highly resistant to NEW and doxycycline. The MBEC for doxycycline was between 500 and 1000 µg/mL. NEW was ineffective against biofilms and no MBEC could be determined. In contrast, a concentration of 10% of the commercial PVI solution (10 mg/mL PVI) led to effective eradication of mature biofilms. Conclusion: In this study, only PVI showed promising antibiofilm activity at physiological concentrations. The in vivo efficacy of PVI warrants further investigation of its potential as a treatment for recalcitrant CRS.

In-vitro and in vivo studies of traditionally prepared Zingiber officinale juice for Antimitotic and Lethality activity

2021 ◽  
pp. 4652-4656
Author(s):  
Nadar Sowmya ◽  
Chouhan Raghavendra Singh ◽  
Kosha Patel ◽  
Harshil Patel ◽  
Tanvi Dodiya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Inhibition Assay ◽  
Lc50 Value ◽  
Antimitotic Activity ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Traditionally Prepared

According to the literature survey most of the studies done on Adarak (Zingiber officinale rhizome) were performed on alcoholic extracts or isolated entities of ginger but no profound work has been done on the traditionally prepared or commonly consumed way of ginger. So, in this current study, fresh ginger rhizomes were traditionally pounded to make Adarak juice. The different concentration (0.05%, 0.5%, 1%, 2.5%, 5%, 10%) were taken as sample to perform onion root tip inhibition assay and brine shrimp lethality bioassay. It showed antimitotic inhibition in the range of 0.05-10% concentration with an IC50 value of 0.37 % on number of rootlets was 0.08 % on length of rootlets. The traditionally prepared Adarak juice showed cytotoxicity in the range of 0.05-2.5% concentration with LC50 value of 1.59%. The traditionally prepared Adarak juice possesses cytotoxic and antimitotic activity.

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