scholarly journals Contaminación microbiológica y parasitológica en lechuga (Lactuca sativa L.) comercializada en un municipio de la región semiárida brasileña

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e196985592
Author(s):  
João Inácio Lopes Batista ◽  
Tallyson Nogueira Barbosa ◽  
Juliana Rafaela Granjeiro Rêgo ◽  
Cristina Karine de Oliveira Rebouças ◽  
Taffarel Melo Torres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Brazilian Legislation ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Thermotolerant Coliforms ◽  
Sanitary Conditions ◽  
Open Markets ◽  
The City

The objective of this research was to evaluate the microbial and parasitic contamination in lettuce sold in open markets and supermarkets in the city of Mossoró. For parasitological evaluation, spontaneous sedimentation and flotation methods were applied. For the microbiological part, the Most Probable Number (MPM) of total and thermotolerant coliforms was estimated, as well as the positivity of Salmonella sp. Regarding parasitic analysis it was found that the samples had a total index of 62.5% (45/72) of contamination, 40.3% (29/72) with Ancylostomatidae sp., 29.2% (21/72) with Strongyloides sp., 1.4% (1/72) Ascaris sp., 1.4% (1/72) Entamoeba histolytica/dispar, 1.4% (1/72) Endolemax nana, and 2.8% (2/72) Entamoeba coli. For microbiological analyzes, an index of 100% (12/12) of the samples showed contamination by total coliforms and 25% (3/12) of thermotolerant coliforms, above the maximum value allowed by Brazilian legislation, and absence of Salmonella sp. However, there was no difference in microbial and parasitic contamination between the commercial establishments in this research. Finally, the neglect of the lettuce's hygienic-sanitary conditions by the commercial establishments depicted here is evident, as well as the potential health risk to which the population is exposed.

scholarly journals Microbiological counting in lamb carcasses from an abattoir in São Paulo, Brazil

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 1836-1841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thaís Mioto Martineli ◽  
Oswaldo Durival Rossi Junior ◽  
Natacha Deboni Cereser ◽  
Marita Vedovelli Cardozo ◽  
Cristianne Lino Fontoura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Lamb Meat ◽  
Thermotolerant Coliforms ◽  
Sanitary Conditions

The consumption of lamb meat in Brazil has increased in the last years but little information about the microbiological quality of this product is available. To evaluate the hygienic-sanitary conditions of lamb carcasses, the quantification of microorganism populations indicators (mesophiles and psychrotrophs; total and thermotolerant coliforms; Escherichia coli; moulds and yeasts) and the pathogenic microorganisms indentification (Salmonella sp. and Listeria spp.) were performed. A total of 60 lamb carcasses were sampled from one abattoir in São Paulo. Swab samples were collected from three points (forequarter, back and hindquarter) on the muscle surface after carcasses final washing. Statistical analysis consisted of descriptive evaluation of the results whose counts were grouped by intervals of microorganism populations. Counts ranged from 1.0 x 10¹ to 8.0 x 10(4) colony-forming unit cm-2 (CFU cm-2) for mesophiles; 1.0 x 10(0) to 4.4 x 10(4)CFU cm-2 for psychrotrophs; < 1.0 x 10(0) to 4.4 x 10(4)CFU cm-2 for moulds and yeasts; < 0.3 to > 32.0 most probable number/cm² (MPN cm-2) for total and thermotolerant coliforms and Escherichia coli. Salmonella sp. and Listeria spp. were not found in any of the carcasses. Most carcasses presented low counts for all microorganisms. Overall results may be explained by the small size of the industry where the study was taken. Results suggest that good microbiological quality lamb meat is possible to be obtained, but improvement in hygienic-sanitary conditions is still required.

scholarly journals Hygienic sanitary conditions of vacuum packed beef produced by slaughterhouses qualified for export in the Mato Grosso state, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxsueli Aparecida Moura Machado ◽  
Barbara Müller ◽  
Ricardo César Tavares Carvalho ◽  
Eduardo Eustáquio de Souza Figueiredo
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Risk ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Legal Standards ◽  
Market Expansion ◽  
Thermotolerant Coliforms ◽  
Sanitary Conditions

ABSTRACT: Brazil is the largest exporter of beef of the world and Mato Grosso State is the highest beef producer in this country. To maintain product competitiveness and market expansion, sanitary hygienic control of the entire process is indispensable to ensure the attainment of harmless beef and quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the hygienic sanitary conditions of vacuum-packed beef produced by establishments qualified for export in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. A total of 60 samples were submitted to coliforms counts at 35°C and at 45°C and E. coli. The mean contamination by at 35°C and coliforms at 45°C were 3,1 x 102MPN/g and 7.7MPN/g respectively. The presence of E. coli was verified in five samples, representing an occurrence of 8.3% (5/60), and Salmonella spp. in 5% (03/60) of the analyzed samples. The MPN (Most Probable Number) average of coliforms at 35°C and 45°C are in accordance to national and international legislation; however, the presence of Samonella spp., E. coli in some sample indicates a low risk of occurrence of salmonellosis and colibacillosis transmitted by the evaluated beef. However, transmission risk of these diseases cannot be ruled out, since the presence of E. coli does not depend on the amount of coliforms and national legal standards established for the group of thermotolerant coliforms.

scholarly journals The Impact of Water Intrusion on Pathogenic Vibrio Species to Inland Brackish Waters of China

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6781
Author(s):  
Qingyao Wang ◽  
Songzhe Fu ◽  
Qian Yang ◽  
Jingwei Hao ◽  
Can Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seawater Intrusion ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Vibrio Species ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Inland River ◽  
Pathogenic Vibrio ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Vibrio Spp

The estuary is the ecological niche of pathogenic Vibrio spp. as it provides abundant organic and inorganic nutrients from seawater and rivers. However, little is known about the ecology of these Vibrio species in the inland brackish water area. In this study, their co-occurrence and relationships to key environmental constraints (salinity and temperature) in the Hun-Tai River of China were examined using the most probable number polymerase chain reaction (MPN-PCR) approach. We hereby report 2-year continuous surveillance based on six water indices of the Hun-Tai River. The results showed that seawater intrusion maximally reached inland as far as 26.5 km for the Hun-Tai River. Pathogenic Vibrio spp. were detected in 21.9% of the water samples. In particular, V. cholerae, V. parahaemolyticus, and V. vulnificus were isolated in 10 (10.4%), 20 (20.8.5%), and 2 (2.08%) samples, respectively. All V. parahaemolyticus strains were tdh gene negative, 10% were positive for the trh gene. Multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) divided V. parahaemolyticus strains into 12 sequence types (STs) for the Hun-Tai River. Five STs were respectively present in various locations along the Hun-Tai River. The PCR assay for detecting six virulence genes and Vibrio seventh pandemic island I and II revealed three genotypes in 12 V. cholerae isolates. The results of our study showed that seawater intrusion and salinity have profound effects on the distribution of pathogenic Vibrio spp. in the inland river, suggesting a potential health risk associated with the waters of the Hun-Tai River used for irrigation and drinking.

Incidence and Behavior of Salmonella and Escherichia coli on Whole and Sliced Zucchini Squash (Cucurbita pepo) Fruit

2010 ◽  
Vol 73 (8) ◽  
pp. 1423-1429 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAVIER CASTRO-ROSAS ◽  
EVA MARÍA SANTOS LÓPEZ ◽  
CARLOS ALBERTO GÓMEZ-ALDAPA ◽  
CESAR ABELARDO GONZÁLEZ RAMÍREZ ◽  
JOSÉ ROBERTO VILLAGOMEZ-IBARRA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Inoculum Level ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Initial Inoculum ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Thermotolerant Coliforms ◽  
Salmonella Serotypes ◽  
And Behavior

The incidence of coliform bacteria (CB), thermotolerant coliforms (TC), Escherichia coli, and Salmonella was determined for zucchini squash fruit. In addition, the behavior of four serotypes of Salmonella and a cocktail of three E. coli strains on whole and sliced zucchini squash at 25 ± 2°C and 3 to 5°C was tested. Squash fruit was collected in the markets of Pachuca city, Hidalgo State, Mexico. CB, TC, E. coli, and Salmonella were detected in 100, 70, 62, and 10% of the produce, respectively. The concentration ranged from 3.8 to 7.4 log CFU per sample for CB, and &lt;3 to 1,100 most probable number per sample for TC and E. coli. On whole fruit stored at 25 ± 2°C or 3 to 5°C, no growth was observed for any of the tested microorganisms or cocktails thereof. After 15 days at 25 ± 2°C, the tested Salmonella serotypes had decreased from an initial inoculum level of 7 log CFU to &lt;1 log, and at 3 to 5°C they decreased to approximately 2 log. Survival of E. coli was significantly greater than for the Salmonella strains at the same times and temperatures; after 15 days, at 25 ± 2°C E. coli cocktail strains had decreased to 3.4 log CFU per fruit and at 3 to 5°C they decreased to 3.6 log CFU per fruit. Both the Salmonella serotypes and E. coli strains grew when inoculated onto sliced squash: after 24 h at 25 ± 2°C, both bacteria had grown to approximately 6.5 log CFU per slice. At 3 to 5°C, the bacterial growth was inhibited. The squash may be an important factor contributing to the endemicity of Salmonella in Mexico.

Shelf life study of handmade and industrially processed Minas frescal cheese

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 1207-1218
Author(s):  
Thamiris Evangelista Silva ◽  
Priscila Alonso dos Santos ◽  
Thamara Evangelista Silva ◽  
Kamilla Soares Silva ◽  
André Luiz Borges Machado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
State Inspection ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Life Study ◽  
Thermotolerant Coliforms ◽  
Milk Pasteurisation

Purpose The purpose of this study is to characterize and compare the results of the inspection mark of handmade and industrially processed Minas frescal cheese. It is one of the most commonly made and consumed cheeses in Brazil, and its production processes range from handmade cheeses produced in small household production sites to cheeses manufactured in large dairy factories subject to federal inspection. Design/methodology/approach The samples were stored for 10 days at 4°C in a biochemical oxygen demand chamber. Cheeses were analyzed using physicochemical analyzes, yield and syneresis indices and microbiological analyses. Findings The cheese A met the criterion of regulatory classification for very high humidity (65.32 g/100 g), while cheese B did not meet the criterion (54.38 g/100 g). Cheeses A (19.01 g/100 g) and B (24 g/100 g) showed average fat contents that did not comply with current legislation. The most probable number per g of thermotolerant coliforms was outside the acceptable range (>24 × 102 MPN/g), and Salmonella spp. were present in the tested samples. The highest yield was observed for handmade cheese (an average of 5.35 L of milk to produce 1 kg of cheese), which had the highest syneresis during the storage period (p = 0.004), reaching 14.26% on the 10th day of storage. Originality/value Municipal and state inspection certificates do not ensure the microbiological quality of Minas frescal cheese, indicating flaws in the good manufacturing practices and/or in the milk pasteurisation stage.

scholarly journals Microbiological quality and safety assessment in the production of moderate and high humidity cheeses

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise da Fontoura Prates ◽  
Simone Rauber Würfel ◽  
Júlia Coswig Goldbeck ◽  
Andreia Saldanha de Lima ◽  
Graciela Volz Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
High Humidity ◽  
Quality And Safety ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Milk Pasteurization ◽  
Thermotolerant Coliforms

ABSTRACT: Moderate and high humidity cheeses are described as important vehicles of pathogens in many foodborne diseases outbreaks. Microbial contamination can occur in raw material or in the different steps of the product processing due to inadequate hygiene practices. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the microbiological quality and safety in the production of moderate and high humidity cheese. Samples from raw milk, handlers’ hands surface, final product were collected in three cheese manufacturing plants located in southern Brazil, with different levels of sanitary control. Effectiveness of milk pasteurization was also evaluated. Thermotolerant coliforms, coagulase-positive staphylococci (CPS), Salmonella spp., and Listeria monocytogenes were evaluated. Raw milk samples showed the highest contamination levels, with enumeration of 1.1x105 most probable number (MPN) mL-1 for thermotolerant coliforms, 4x105 colony-forming units (CFU) mL-1 for CPS and presence of Salmonella spp. CPS were also reported in one sample of handler’s hands surface. However, only one sample of the final product was out of Brazilian regulatory standards, exceeding the limit allowed for CPS. Milk pasteurization process used in cheese preparation was effective, regardless the level of sanitary control of the industries. Results highlighted the need for better hygiene practices, in obtaining the raw milk and in the handling during the cheese manufacturing steps.

scholarly journals Coliform accumulation in Amphibalanus amphitrite (Darwin, 1854) (Cirripedia) and its use as an organic pollution bioindicator in the estuarine area of Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
CMR Farrapeira ◽  
ES Mendes ◽  
J. Dourado ◽  
J Guimarães
Keyword(s):  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Organic Pollution ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Enterobacter Sakazakii ◽  
Organic Contamination ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Sampling Locations ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Ewingella Americana ◽  
Thermotolerant Coliforms

Samples of water and barnacles Amphibalanus amphitrite were collected from Recife, Brazil, to assess if it accumulates total (TC) and thermotolerant coliforms (TTC) related with sewage pollution. The Most Probable Number (MPN) values and the standard procedures for examination of shellfish were used. Comparatively with the water samples, the highest coliform values came from the barnacles, with TC values ranging from < 3.0 × 10³ to > 2.4 × 10(6) MPN.g-1, and TTC ranging from > 2.4 × 10³ to 2.9 × 10(5) MPN.g-1. Barnacles accumulate the TC Ewingella americana, and the TTC Escherichia coli, Enterobacter gergoviae, Enterobacter aerogenes, and Enterobacter sakazakii. The results provided an indication of the level of organic contamination at the sampling locations and that this species could be a good organic pollution bioindicator.

scholarly journals Bacteriological quality of potable water sources supplying Morogoro municipality and its outskirts: a case study in Tanzania.

1991 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. F. H. Jiwa ◽  
J. K. Mugula ◽  
M. J. Msangi
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Faecal Coliforms ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Bacteriological Quality

Bacteriological quality of potable water supplying Morogoro municipality and its outskirts (population 135000 people) was assessed by the determination of the most probable number (MPN) of faecal coliforms, Escherichia coli, faecal streptococci andClostridium perfringensfor a period of 6 months. River water and chlorinated pipeborne water were found contaminated with microorganisms in the order of 3·8 x 101to 4·95 x 103; 3·2 x 101to 4·5 x 103; 101to 6·4 x 101and 1·2 x 101to 2·5 x 102/100 ml of water respectively. Injured coliforms in treated water averaged 87 %. Pollution of river water by organic matter was much above acceptable standard. These findings indicate that there is a need for further treatment of water before consumption in order to avoid potential health hazards.

scholarly journals Bacteriological assessment of water from an Eastern Amazon river: challenges in ensuring basic sanitary coverage in riverside communities

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e439101119658
Author(s):  
Vinicius Pacheco da Silva ◽  
Elizandra Baía Carneiro ◽  
Laura Marcela Teotônio Magalhães ◽  
Adria Caroliny Vieira Mendonça ◽  
Milena Machado de Matos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Cronobacter Sakazakii ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Surveillance Studies ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Basic Sanitation ◽  
Shigella Spp ◽  
Thermotolerant Coliforms

This study aimed to analyze the water quality of a river in the Eastern Amazon and relate the results obtained with the lack of basic sanitation in the region. Two samples were collected from strategic points of the river and were submitted to the collimetry technique with multiple tubes to calculate the most probable number (MPN) of thermotolerant coliforms present in the water. The samples were then seeded on CLED and Hektoen agar and analyzed in a mass spectrophotometer for final identification of microorganisms. A high number of thermotolerant coliforms was detected, in addition to bacteria of clinical importance, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Shigella spp. and Cronobacter sakazakii. The lack of basic sanitation in the community surrounding the river is the main cause for the significant number of thermotolerant coliforms, demonstrated by the discrepancy in the MPN between samples 1 and 2. The difficulties in guaranteeing basic sanitation in the Amazon are highlighted and the need to implement public policies and carry out health surveillance studies in these populations is reinforced.

scholarly journals Determination of Microbiological Quality and Chlorophyll Levels Lettuce Grown Hydroponically With Wastewater

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 220
Author(s):  
J. de F. Xavier ◽  
C. A. V. de Azevedo ◽  
M. R. de Q. A. Azevedo ◽  
V. L. A. Lima ◽  
J. Dantas Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Well Water ◽  
State University ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Thermotolerant Coliforms

The study aimed to determine the microbiological quality for coliform in three lettuce cultivars grown hydroponically with optimized solutions. The study was conducted in a protected environment and driven in a hydroponic system adopting the technique of laminar flow nutrientes-NFT, on the premises of the State University of Para&iacute;ba-Campus II in Lagoa Seca, PB having the following coordinates: 7&deg;10&prime;15&Prime;S; 35&deg;51&prime;14&Prime;W. The experimental design was a randomized block with a split-plot treatment in 7 &times; 3 factorial, with three replicates whose factors were 7 hydroponic solutions with three lettuce cultivars. The optimized solutions were formulated taking as reference the nutrient solution Furlani. The plot was constituted by nutrient solution (S). S1 = Furlani solution; S2 = domestic wastewater; S3 = optimized domestic wastewater; S4 = well water; S5 = optimized well water; S6 = wastewater from the UASB reactor and S7 = optimized wastewater from the UASB reactor and as for the subplot the three lettuce cultivars (Thais, Vanda and Veronica). In none of the samples of the three lettuce cultivars in the first experiment did the microbiological quality increase at 45&deg;C, by the Most Probable Number (MPN) table, when the tube combination was 0-0-0, that is, without growth in none of the tubes, it is assumed that the MPN is less than 1.8 &mu;g. ll samples were considered acceptable for the microbiological standard of thermotolerant coliforms at 45 &deg;C/g. The leaf chlorophyll content is positively correlated with the N content in the plant.

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