Nail fold capillaroscopy: A diagnostic tool for early detection of microvascular complication in diabetics without retinopathy

Massive elimination efforts have been done to control the malaria disease caused by the emergence of the fifth human malaria parasite known as Plasmodium knowlesi. Early detection of the parasite is important in treating malaria infection. Microscopic examination of Giemsa-stained thick and thin blood films is the gold standard for laboratory malaria diagnosis, while rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs), polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) are significant diagnostic techniques to detect acute infection. However, these methods have several limitations in which it could delay the treatment. The potential of lab-on-chip (LOC) as a point-of-care diagnostic tool for malaria fulfils the requirement of limitations where it is able to produce early detection of malaria infection. This review discusses advantages and disadvantages of malaria diagnostic methods as well as new approaches that could be used for high speed, sensitive and reliable malaria detection to prevent the disease from causing severe complications and even fatal if left untreated.

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Saliva: A Miraculous Biofluid for Early Detection of Disease

Journal of Oral Health and Community Dentistry ◽

10.5005/johcd-7-1-64 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 64-68 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

NS Yadav ◽

A Singh ◽

V Saxena ◽

V Juneja ◽

V Tiwari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Early Detection ◽

Early Diagnosis ◽

Sensitivity And Specificity ◽

Diagnostic Tool ◽

General Health ◽

Oral Fluid ◽

Clinical Applications ◽

Early Detection Of Disease ◽

Health And Disease ◽

Salivary Diagnostics

ABSTRACT Saliva, a multi constituent oral fluid has high potential for the surveillance of general health and disease. To reach the above goal through saliva based diagnostics, two requisites must be fulfilled as discovering biomarker for different diseases among the complicated components of saliva and advancing sensitivity and specificity of biomarkers through persistent development of technologies with collective efforts over several years. Saliva has been demonstrated to be a promising bodily fluid for early diagnosis of disease and salivary diagnostics has exhibited tremendous potential in clinical applications. This review presents an impression of the value of saliva as a credible diagnostic tool, the innovation of salivary biomarkers and development of salivary diagnostics in the future.

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Clinical Application of Forced Oscillation Technique (FOT) in Early Detection of Airway Changes in Smokers

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm9092778 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 2778

Author(s):

Prem Bhattarai ◽

Stephen Myers ◽

Collin Chia ◽

Heinrich C. Weber ◽

Sally Young ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Early Detection ◽

Diagnostic Tool ◽

Forced Oscillation ◽

Diagnostic Technique ◽

Forced Oscillation Technique ◽

Airway Function ◽

Published Evidence ◽

First Choice ◽

Invasive Method ◽

Induced Changes

The forced oscillation technique (FOT) is a non-invasive method to assess airway function by emitting oscillatory signals into the respiratory tract during tidal ventilation. This opinion piece discusses the current use, trialled modification and future directions in utilizing FOT as a novel diagnostic tool for early detection of small airway changes in smokers. The published evidence to date has shown that FOT parameters could be a sensitive diagnostic tool to detect early respiratory changes in smokers. Multiple frequencies and the frequency dependence of resistance and reactance can provide the most valuable and early information regarding smoking induced changes in airways. Considering its non-invasiveness, lower level of discomfort to patients than spirometry, feasibility, and cost effectiveness, it could be the first-choice diagnostic technique for detection of early respiratory changes in smokers. The finding of FOT could further be supported and correlated with inflammatory markers.

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