scholarly journals Qualitative investigation of athletes’ perceptions of cheating in sport

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (114) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saulius Šukys ◽  
Diana Karanauskienė ◽  
Jolita Šmigelskaitė
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factor ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Rugby League ◽  
Qualitative Investigation ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Purposeful Sampling ◽  
Financial Benefits ◽  
Thematic Data

Background. The aim of the present study was to give voice to elite athletes exploring their perceptions of cheating in sport.Methods. Utilizing a purposeful sampling technique, 11 athletes were interviewed – one woman and 10 men from football (F, n = 6), rugby league (R, n = 2), and three from athletics (A). Athletes’ perceptions related to cheating in sport were explored by individual semi-structured interviews. Interpretive thematic data analysis was conducted in several stages, beginning with the exploration of the recorded materials. Credibility of the results was established by member checking. For data transferability and repeatability, we described the process of data collection, processing and analysis in detail.Results. Analysis of interview data allows to distinguish the following broad themes: the perceived forms of cheating in sport, causes of cheating, initiators of cheating, and ath-letes’ views on the evaluation of cheating, and as a separate theme – athletes’ insights on cheating in children’s sport.Conclusions. The findings offer insights of adult athletes on cheating in sport. Athletes are aware of the prevalence of cheating in all sports, emphasizing that it is an illegal phenomenon and associate it with the potential financial benefits, corruption, match fixing, and the use of doing. The study highlights financial insecurity of athletes as a reason for cheating. When evaluating cheating, athletes are not categorical or tend to cheat themselves, but they would justify it more if it helped a team. As to cheating in children’s sport, adult athletes noted the role of a coach and especially the parents in cheating in order to gain an advantage for their child. Also, the focus on the protective factor of children against cheating was emphasized. Keywords: cheating, athletes’ perceptions, adult sport, children sport.

scholarly journals Potential Causes and Outcomes of Communication Conflicts at the Workplace -A Qualitative Study in Pakistan

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadia Deep ◽  
Hussain Othman ◽  
Berhanuddin Mohd Salleh
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Natural Phenomenon ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Development Organizations ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Purposeful Sampling ◽  
Communication Conflict ◽  
Potential Factors ◽  
And Training

Occurring communication conflict among employees is a natural phenomenon at any workplace. However, for the effective resolution of these conflicts, it is indispensable to know the potential factors triggering these conflicts and making them destructive. This paper intends to investigate the causes, outcomes and the subsequent resolution of communication conflicts among employees at the workplace in the developing sector in Pakistan. The data for this qualitative study has gathered from library research and semi-structured interviews taken from the eighteen employees belonging to the three development organizations from the area of Peshawar and Islamabad in Pakistan. To derive sample for the study, a purposeful sampling technique has used. The analysis and transcription of the interview have made through following thematic techniques. The findings from this study reveal the poor communication, misunderstanding, and lack of other soft skills and traits as the significant causes of the communication conflicts while lacking of trust, stress, resignation and transferring are found to be potential outcomes. Some suggestions such as strong leadership and training of employees are also given for the effective resolution of these conflicts.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Role of Fish Basket Women towards Household Income in Eretan Wetan Village, Indramayu District, West Java

2021 ◽  
pp. 44-51
Author(s):  
Ayodhia Arman ◽  
Zuzy Anna ◽  
Eddy Afrianto ◽  
Atikah Nurhayati
Keyword(s):  
Household Income ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Family Needs ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
West Java ◽  
Her Family

The role of the fish basket woman is not only as a housewife but also as a breadwinner, thus the fish basket woman has a dual role in her family. Fish basket women help their husbands work to be able to meet family needs. This study aims to analyze household income as well know the motivation to work of women as fish baskets in increasing working household income and know the factors that affect the income of fish basket women in increasing household income in Eretan Wetan Village, Indramayu Regency, West Java. The research method used in this research is a case study and interviews using a questionnaire. The sampling technique used an accidental sampling method with a total of 50 respondents and collecting data using observation techniques, structured interviews, and documentation techniques. The results showed that the role of women with fish baskets on household income in Eretan Wetan Village, Indramayu Regency, West Java was quite significant by obtaining an average income of IDR 1,676,135 per month. Factors that affect the income of working basket women include helping their husbands, wages that are not appropriate, helping household income and the husband's income is uncertain. The coefficient of determination shown by Nagelkerke R-Square, age, education level, number of family members, husband's permission, and husband's income affect women's interest in working by 100.0%. Women’s interest in working is not influenced by any other factors included in the research mode.

scholarly journals Questionnaire on Mothers’ Cultural Beliefs About Weaning: Development and Psychometric Evaluation

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
Zahra Jannat-Alipoor ◽  
Nasrin Navabi ◽  
Abbas Ebadi ◽  
Fatemeh Ghaffari
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Item Pool ◽  
False Beliefs ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Cronbach’S Alpha ◽  
Cronbach's Alpha

Objectives: This study was designed to investigate the role of cultural beliefs on weaning. Therefore, the obtained results can be used for health policymakers who design strategies to prevent physical and mental damage to mothers and their children. The main objective of this study was to design a questionnaire probing the role of cultural beliefs on weaning. Materials and Methods: The sequential combination exploratory mixed methods design was used to develop the questionnaire format in two sections. The qualitative section was designed to probe the role of cultural beliefs on weaning, which included a literature and related tools review and fieldwork (semi-structured interviews with mothers). Twenty-two studies were examined in the literature review and 14 mothers were selected and interviewed by a purposive sampling technique. The interviews continued up to data saturation as well. In addition, data analyses for both steps were conducted using conventional and textual content analyses. The quantitative section was a methodology study that was accomplished in two parts. Questionnaire items were formed using the data and item pool obtained from the first part. Finally, the psychometric properties of the questionnaire were checked using face, content, and construct validity, followed by probing reliability using Cronbach’s alpha reliability in the second part. Results: Qualitative data analysis results were organized according to the foundational issues regarding the need for weaning, attitude toward weaning, awareness about weaning, society’s culture, health literacy, self-action, others’ experiences, professional help, family members’ support, and the outcomes. The item pool was formed using literature reviews and interviews. A 49-item questionnaire was developed after the completion of the psychometric process. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Index of Sampling Adequacy and Bartlett’s test of sphericity showed good results in this regard. Five components from the exploratory content analysis encompassing contexts, solutions, searching for help, maternal outcomes, and child-related outcomes demonstrated a 62.112% variance. Further, the Cronbach’s alpha was 0.88 and the interclass correlation coefficient was 0.89 based on responses to the items over two administrations of the questionnaire (P < 0.001). Thus, these results showed a high level of tool stability. Conclusions: For this study, a questionnaire was developed for understanding the role of cultural beliefs on weaning. It can be used for educational, research, and treatment purposes as a tool with appropriate validity and reliability, as well as short, easy, and grammatically simple items. Eventually, the questionnaire is useful for examining mothers’ false beliefs about weaning and their educational needs since false beliefs could cause destructive and health-threatening behaviors.

scholarly journals Elderly Women’s Experience of the Role of Hydrotherapy in Health: Content Analysis

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parand Pourghane
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Sampling Strategy ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Purposeful Sampling ◽  
Women's Experience

Living to an old age is considered by many elderly women to bring about a decreased quality of life. Hydrotherapy allows individuals to engage in certain physical activities that cannot be done outside the water. The purpose of this study was to explore elderly women’s experience of the role of hydrotherapy in their health and was conducted in selected pools of Guilan province in Iran in 2015-2016. Twenty-three elderly women were selected using a purposeful sampling strategy. The data was gathered through semi-structured interviews; Researchers used a qualitative design, based on a content analysis approach. Analysis results were identified as 3 main themes and 12 subthemes. Improved physical health: reduced consumption of painkillers, improved balance, pleasant breathing, easy menopause; Moving toward ability: increased independence, role fulfillment, application of efficient strategies, will to health; Psychological and social relief: sense of liveliness, reduced stress, peaceful sleep and re-emergence in society. “Competence development” was identified as the central code. Results indicate that participation in hydrotherapy by elderly women supported the benefit of advising them to participate in hydrotherapy sessions, as well as government’s cooperation with regard to creating proper conditions for improving the health and life quality of this valuable population.

The Role of Departmental Heads in the Procurement of Teaching and Learning Resources to Enhance Learner Performance

2021 ◽  
pp. 112-126
Author(s):  
Sizwe Blessing Mahlambi ◽  
Ailwei Solomon Mawela
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Transformative Learning ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Learning Resources ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Learner Performance

This chapter introduces transformative learning as a helpful theory to consider the role of departmental heads in the procurement of teaching and learning resources in selected secondary schools in Alexandra Township, South Africa. South Africa felt the effects of the pandemic as the country was ill-prepared for the devastation the pandemic brought to its learning systems. The Department of Basic Education tried to implement various strategies to ensure that teaching and learning continue to save the academic year. In this qualitative study, the interpretive paradigm and a purposive convenient sampling technique were employed to sample five mathematics DH from five secondary schools. The thematic data analysis was used to interpret and discuss data obtained from the document and semi-structured interviews. It was found that the schools did not have teaching and learning resources that could allow remote learning. Moreover, there is a need to improve retrieval practices as resources loaned to learners remain unaccounted for.

scholarly journals Papel del orientador/a educativo como asesor/a: funciones y estrategias de apoyo

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Víctor Hernández Rivero ◽  
Yénifer Mederos Santana
Keyword(s):  
School Counselors ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Academic Education ◽  
Qualitative Investigation ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Intervention Models

RESUMENEn este artículo se analiza la función asesora del orientador/a educativo y su labor de apoyo al profesorado, es decir, se indaga sobre las características del papel que desempeña en su trabajo cotidiano con los docentes para identificar las funciones y actividades, así como los modelos y estrategias de asesoramiento que emplea. Para ello se desarrolla una investigación de corte cualitativo y se elige, entre los posibles diseños, el estudio de casos porque permite aproximarse al contexto real de los centros educativos en los que cobra importancia la figura de los orientadores. Se han analizado tres casos, cada uno de ellos con un perfil y características distintivas, adoptando criterios como la formación académica, las características del centro, la antigüedad en el puesto y el modelo de trabajo. A través de entrevistas semiestructuradas (individuales a los orientadores y grupales al profesorado), se lleva a cabo un proceso de análisis de contenido. Los resultados evidencian que estos profesionales asumen cada vez con mayor intensidad funciones de asesoramiento aunque complementariamente con funciones más arraigadas, como la valoración psicopedagógica. Otros resultados apuntan a que existe heterogeneidad de demandas y actuaciones en los casos estudiados y que los estilos o modelos de intervención son diversos. Las conclusiones inciden en que la identidad del rol del orientador y las características contextuales determinan, en gran medida, el estilo o modelo de trabajo, que puede ser de tipo intervencionista, facilitador o colaborativo.ABSTRACTThis article analyzes the advisory function of school counselors and their task of supporting teacher counseling. In other words, it looks into the characteristics of the role they carry out in their daily routine together with teachers, in order to identify the specific functions and activities, as well as the models and advising strategies used.  For this purpose, a qualitative investigation is developed, choosing case study among other possible designs, since it allows an approximation to the real context of the educational centers, in which school counselors play an important role. Three cases have been analyzed, each one with its own profile and distinctive features, by adopting criterion such as academic education, features of the center, seniority and model of work. By using semi-structured interviews (individual ones for counselors and group ones for the teaching staff), a content analysis is carried out. The results show that these professionals increasingly assume more counseling functions, although complementary to other functions of a more deep-rooted nature, such as psycho-pedagogical assessment. Other results reflect the existing heterogeneity of demands and performances in the studied cases and that the styles or intervention models are diverse. The conclusions affect the identity of the role of school counselors and, to a large extent, the contextual features determine the style or model of work, which may be interventionist, facilitator or collaborative.

scholarly journals Exploring The Role of Advanced Clinical Practitioners (ACPs) and Their Contribution To Health Services in England.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Mann ◽  
Stephen Timmons ◽  
Catrin Evans ◽  
Ruth Pearce ◽  
Charlotte Overton Research ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Workforce Development ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Barriers And Facilitators ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
National Implementation

Abstract Background An extended role being explored globally is that of the advanced clinical practitioner (ACP). In England this is an extended role for allied health professions, nurses and midwives. ACP education is organised by Health Education England (HEE) who organise an accredited training programme for ACPs alongside a multi-professional framework. This paper draws on research commissioned to evaluate the national implementation of the ACP role to inform the development of a Centre for Advancing Practice in the UK but has implications for others considering their ACP provision. This paper focuses on three key research questions: 1) What is the role of ACPs in England? 2) What are the barriers and facilitators to implementing the role? and 3) What is the contribution of ACPs to health services in England? Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted in 2020 with 63 participants across a range of stakeholder groups and clinical areas. A purposive snowball sampling technique was used to identify participants meeting the inclusion criteria. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim, anonymised and thematically analysed. Results We report on three aspects as highlighted from the data (1) The role of ACPs, (2) Barriers to and facilitators of the ACP role implementation (3) Contribution of ACPs to health services in England. The ACP role in England was undertaken in a broad range of clinical contexts. ACPs worked towards being an autonomous practitioner and most were independent prescribers. In England ‘advanced clinical practitioner’ was not a protected title. There were high levels of variability and ambiguity of understanding and deployment of the ACP role in England. Conclusions This study outlines the contribution that ACPs make to health services and contributing factors to the success of the ACP role in England. We demonstrated the range in which the role is successful in England. We identified key barriers and facilitators to implementing this role. Finally, the work showed the positive contribution that ACPs can make to service redesign and workforce development as well as patient outcomes, whilst accepting that there is much work to do to ensure protected status and parity across all professions and clinical contexts.

scholarly journals Koping Religius Remaja ODHA di Kota Bandung

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Popy Siti Aisyah ◽  
Anggriyana Tri Widianti ◽  
Eli Lusiani
Keyword(s):  
Religious Coping ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Religious Faith ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Major Life ◽  
Qualitative Phenomenology ◽  
Purposeful Sampling ◽  
Coping Patterns ◽  
Hiv Aids

ABSTRAKRemaja dengan HIV AIDS merupakan kelompok minoritas yang berkebutuhan khusus yang harus ditingkatkan kualitas hidupnya . Aspek spiritual sangat berperan penting dalam kehidupan remaja dimana bisa menjadi bagian perlindungan diri terhadap status kesehatan yang buruk.  Keyakinan religius akan mempunyai peran  penting dalam pengambilan keputusan yang besar dalam hidupnya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengekplorasi koping religius remaja dengan HIV AIDS. Penelitian dilakukan  di Rumah Cemara Bandung. Penelitian ini menggunakan  pendekatan kualitatif  fenomenologi dengan metode deskriptif eksploratif. Tehnik pengambilan sampling menggunakan purposeful sampling. Pengambilan data dilakukan terhadap 5 orang partisipan remaja ODHA dengan teknik semi-indepth interview. Pengolahan data menggunakan pendekatan Empirical Phenomenological Psychological untuk mendapatkan tema – tema yang sesuai dengan tujuan penelitian. Adapun tema-tema yang ditemukan dalam penelitian adalah penyakit yang dialami sebagai hukuman dari tuhan, koping religius pasif, religisiusitas yang rendah,self directing koping. Hal ini menunjukkan adanya kecenderungan remaja ODHA menggunakan pola koping religius negatif. Berdasarkan penelitian diatas diperlukan suatu upaya integrasi asuhan keperawatan dengan pendekatan spiritual pada remaja HIV khususnya kelompok LSL. ABSTRACTHIV infected adolescent are a minority group with special needs who must improve their quality of life. Spiritual aspect is important to adolescents, is usually considered a protective factor against a host of negative health outcomes. Religious faith have role in making major life decisions. The purpose of this study was to explore the religious coping of adolescents who are diagnosed with HIV AIDS. The study was conducted at Rumah Cemara Bandung. This research is a qualitative phenomenology design with decriptive explorative. The sampling technique used purposeful sampling. The data collection from five participants with semi in depth interviewed. Data analysis were used the empirical phenomenological  Psychological method. The themes found in this study are illness was experienced as punishment from God, passive religious coping, low religiousity, self directing coping. This showed HIV infected adolescent with homosexual behaviour tended negative religious coping patterns. The result suggest that spiritual care is important for adolescent are diagnosed with HIV with homosexuality.

scholarly journals Exploring the Role of Culture in Communication Conflicts: A Qualitative Study

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadia Deep ◽  
Berhannudin Salleh ◽  
Hussain Othman
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Descriptive Phenomenology ◽  
The Past ◽  
Development Organizations ◽  
Research Article ◽  
Purposeful Sampling ◽  
Diverse Cultures

This research article as a part of larger study intends to explore the role of culture in triggering communication conflicts among employees at the workplace. It also explores the role of Problem-based learning in resolving these culture based conflicts. Being a part of human life, conflict is a pervasive aspect of the socio-cultural and professional environment, especially at the workplace. The role of culture has one of the aspects that have played a pivotal role in initiating conflicts in the past. Using a qualitative research approach, this descriptive phenomenology study gathered data from semi-structured interviews from eighteen selected employees belonging to three development organizations in Pakistan. The research used a purposeful sampling to derive sample for the study. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed through thematic content analysis. The findings from this study reveal that different aspects of culture have a significant role in triggering communication conflicts among employees. The respondents, however, suggested that culture-based conflict could be reduced and tackled effectively through the training of employees on PBL approach which bring together people of diverse cultures on one table.

scholarly journals Sporting Resilience During COVID-19: What Is the Nature of This Adversity and How Are Competitive Elite Athletes Adapting?

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahen Gupta ◽  
Paul Joseph McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Psychological Resilience ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Minimal Impact ◽  
Positive Adaptation ◽  
Global Health Issue

The COVID-19 pandemic is a global health issue which has severely disrupted and deferred several landmark international sporting competitions. Like the general population, athletes have faced direct psychological consequences from COVID-19 in addition to cancelation of events, loss of support, lack of training, loss of earnings, hypervigilance, and anxiety among others. The aim of the present research was to identify the adversity experiences of athletes caused by COVID-19 (study 1) and explore the process of resilience used by competitive elite athletes for positive adaptation (study 2). Research has indicated psychological resilience to be a protective factor against similar adversities in the sporting context. The study uses an across-cases qualitative design comparing the real-time lived experiences of athletes during COVID-19 using narrative analysis. Data were collected from 10 competitive elite athletes from various countries, as part of a larger doctoral dissertation study during the lockdown period, using in-depth experiential interviews. Study 1 presents detailed narratives on the loss and incongruence, which were the two major adversities experienced. Study 2 outlines the process of resilience as narrated by the participants through the emergent and minimal-impact resilience trajectories. We discuss recommendations for interventions and the role of sports psychologists, coaches, and sporting organizations in ensuring athletes’ mental health and their rehabilitation into post-COVID sports life.

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