scholarly journals Clinical-pathological Changes in Reproductive Age Women With Autoimmune Thyroiditis

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 354-359
Author(s):  
N. Mazhitova ◽  
R. Kalmatov ◽  
G. Abdykaimova ◽  
Zh. Abdullaeva
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroiditis ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Kyrgyz Republic ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases ◽  
Autoimmune Pathology

Research relevance: Autoimmune pathology of the thyroid gland is one of the urgent problems of modern endocrinology, and this is due to the lack of clarity of pathogenetic mechanisms and the lack of objective and reliable diagnostic methods, including immunological. The mechanisms of autoimmune thyroid diseases have not yet been fully elucidated, although about a hundred years have passed since the first description of autoimmune thyroiditis. According to world statistics, thyroid disease occurs in almost 30% of the world’s population. According to the latest data, in Kyrgyzstan, they are found in 10–30 percent of the population. Objectives of the study: Clinical and pathological substantiation of ways to optimize the diagnosis of autoimmune thyroiditis in residents of the southern region of the Kyrgyz Republic. Research methods: clinical and immunological (determination of the titer of antibodies to thyroid peroxidase (AT TPO); cytokines); static method; laboratory (content of free thyroxine (T4); thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH); free triiodothyronine (T3); hematological, biochemical blood test; ultrasound of the thyroid gland. Conclusions: Lack of iodine causes irreparable harm to absolutely every person: child and adult, men and women. Iodine deficiency is most common in women who are in late pregnancy.

scholarly journals Immunologic aspects of autoimmune thyroiditis

1994 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
A P Kalinin ◽  
Ye Ye Potemkina ◽  
N V Pesheva ◽  
D S Rafibekov
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroiditis ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Diseases ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Regulatory Function ◽  
T Suppressors ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases ◽  
Thyroid Cells

Autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) is one of the most important and relevant problems of modern endocrinology due to the lack of study of the etiology, lack of clarity of pathogenetic mechanisms, and the absence of objective and reliable diagnostic methods, including immunological ones. The last decade is characterized by the appearance of fundamental works devoted to the immunology of autoimmune thyroid diseases. The data need generalization, a critical analysis, since the conclusions of the authors often differ in inconsistency. AIT takes first place among thyroid diseases. According to V.I. Litvinov, AIT is observed in 20-40% of the adult population, according to foreign authors, in 7.2% of the children. In 90% of cases, hypothyroidism in adults is caused by autoimmune processes, of which 70% is associated with AIT. The prevalence of the disease is primarily associated with a catastrophic environmental degradation. There are separate studies suggesting that factors associated with urbanization can contribute to the emergence of AIT. M. Podleski et al., N.I. Romanyuk, I.D. Levit revealed a greater incidence of AIT in the urban population compared with the rural one. The effect of iodine on the incidence of AIT is widely studied: a deficiency of a trace element helps to reduce it, and an excess increases it. In the occurrence of AIT, the role of radiation is significant. So, in territories affected by radiation as a result of accidents, AIT is registered 2 times more often (19.2% versus 8.8% in uncharged territory). N.V. Romashkan et al. they associate an increase in the incidence of AIT with increasing general allergization of the population, a significant recent prevalence of viral infections that enhance autoimmunization. The function of the thyroid gland, the peripheral phenotype of T cells and their function are affected by smoking. Nicotine can damage thyroid cells and release thyroglobulin into the blood, and also directly affect the function of T-suppressors. To date, there are three hypotheses for the pathogenesis of AIT: antigenic damage to the thyroid gland, a defect in specific T-suppressors, and a violation of the regulatory function of thyroid-stimulating hormone. None of the hypotheses is conclusively confirmed. It is possible that all three mechanisms are involved in the emergence and formation of an autoimmune specific process, clinically manifesting themselves in various stages and forms of the disease.

scholarly journals Transcriptome analysis of the effect of diosgenin on autoimmune thyroiditis in a rat model

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengfei Zhang ◽  
Lingling Qin ◽  
Boju Sun ◽  
You Wu ◽  
Fengying Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Thyroiditis ◽  
Calcium Binding ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Camp Response Element Binding ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Element Binding Protein

AbstractIn a mouse model of Graves’ disease (GD), diosgenin has been shown to have a therapeutic effect on GD by alleviating goitre. However, research on the effect of diosgenin on autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) is lacking. In this study, transcriptomics was used to comprehensively analyse the protective effect of diosgenin against AIT in rats and the possible mechanism. The results showed that in the diosgenin-intervention group, compared to the model group, the expression of serum triiodothyronine, thyroxine, free triiodothyronine, and free thyroxine was decreased and that of thyroid-stimulating hormone was increased; these changes were accompanied by the downregulation of thyroglobulin, TSH receptor antibody and thyroid peroxidase expression in serum. Furthermore, transcriptome detection, RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry verification revealed that in thyroid tissue, the relative mRNA and protein expression of cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate (cAMP), protein kinase A (PKA) and cAMP response element-binding protein (Creb) were increased and the mRNA expression of S100 calcium-binding protein A9 (S100A9) was decreased in the diosgenin groups. In summary, diosgenin alleviates the development of AIT, possibly via the activation of the cAMP/PKA/Creb pathway and downregulation of S100A9 gene expression.

scholarly journals Hormonal contraception with progestagen desogestrel in women with diffuse non-toxic goiter аnd autoimmune thyroiditis

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
Galina Petrovna Pologoyko ◽  
Maria Igorivna Yarmolinskaya ◽  
Tatyana Mihajlovna Lekareva
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroiditis ◽  
Hormonal Contraception ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Toxic Goiter ◽  
And Function

The article represents influence of gestagen desogestrel on size and function of thyroid gland in women of reproductive age. Into the study we included 70 women who were prescribed gestagen desogestrel in a daily dose of 75 mg for a period of 12 months. All the patients were devided into two groups. The first group consisted of 20 women with diffuse nontoxic goiter, the second consisted of 30 women with autoimmune thyroiditis. Control group consisted of 20 women without thyroid gland pathology. Prior to therapy with desogestrel and after 12 month of treatment, serum levels of free triiodothyronine, free thyroxine and thyrotropin releasing hormone, thyroperoxidase antibodies were determined and thyroid gland sonigraphy was performed in all the patients. Obtained data show that gestagen desogestrel doesn’t influence the size and function of thyroid gland in healthy women and in patients with diffuse non-toxic goiter. In women with autoimmune thyroiditis implication of desogestrel significantly decreases blood levels of thyroperoxidase autoantibodies.

scholarly journals The association of neuropsychiatric disorders and endocrine parameters in hashimoto thyroiditis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 55-68
Author(s):  
Polina A. Sobolevskaia ◽  
Boris V. Andreev ◽  
Anton N. Gvozdetckii ◽  
Anastasia A. Dolina ◽  
Anna M. Stepochkina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroiditis ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Disorders ◽  
Hashimoto Thyroiditis ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Antithyroid Autoantibodies

Hashimoto thyroiditis is the most common thyroid disease. This form of pathology has a diverse clinical picture, including neuropsychiatric disorders. There are frequent cases of comorbidity of autoimmune thyroiditis and psychiatric forms of pathology, along with such a nosological entity as Hashimotos encephalopathy (aka: Steroid-responsive encephalopathy of autoimmune thyroiditis), characterized by an increased level of antithyroid autoantibodies and various mental disorders, with still unclear pathogenesis. The question arises, how to regard patients with psychiatric disorders and Hashimoto thyroiditis either as patients having autoimmune thyroiditis, comorbid with psychiatric forms of pathology, or as patients with Hashimotos encephalopathy? We studied groups of patients with autoimmune thyroiditis free from any psychiatric disorders, autoimmune thyroiditis comorbid with psychiatric forms of pathology, and a group of healthy donors similar as regards to their age and sex. We also studied medical history, clinical manifestations of the disease, instrumental data and the serum levels of thyrotropin, thyroid hormones, various antithyroid autoantibodies, and prolactin. We analyzed the correlation of laboratory and instrumental parameters and clinical data in all groups of patients. Therewas a significant relationship (p 0,05) between various psychiatric symptoms and a decreased level of free thyroxine, an increased level of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), an increased level of prolactin and an increased volume of a thyroid gland. Asignificant relationship (p 0,05) was also found between various symptoms of hypothyroidism and a decreased level of free triiodothyronine (FT3), an increased level of antibodies to thyroglobulin (anti-TG Ab), and an increased level of antibodies to thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO Ab).

scholarly journals Antithyroid autoantibodies in extrathyroid autoimmune diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 234-240
Author(s):  
T.V. Sorokman ◽  
M.G. Gingulyak ◽  
O.V. Makarova
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid ◽  
Antithyroid Antibodies ◽  
Autoimmune Pathology ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Immunological Diseases ◽  
Antithyroid Autoantibodies

This review summarizes data on the incidence of autoimmune diseases and examines the prevalence of antithyroid antibodies in extrathyroid autoimmune diseases. In the world, about 5–7 % of the population suffers from one or another type of autoimmune diseases. Among the six most common autoimmune diseases, thyroid and associated diseases predominate. The high prevalence of autoimmune thyroid diseases raises questions about the potential role of antithyroid antibodies in the course of extrathyroid autoimmune diseases. It is believed that autoimmune di­seases are the result of interactions between triggers, autoantigens, genetic predisposition, impaired tolerance of autoantigens and mechanisms of apoptosis. Among the currently known antithyroid autoantibodies, antibodies to thyroglobulin (TgAb), thyroid peroxi­dase (TPO), as well as bispecific autoantibodies to thyroglobulin and thyroid peroxidase are of particular importance. Categories of functionally significant autoantibodies that mimic hormone function and provoke the development of autoimmune pathology as a result of binding to the receptor and subsequent stimulation of thyrocytes include antibodies to thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (rTSH-Ab). Circulating antibodies against thyroid antigens are not limited to autoimmune diseases of the thyroid gland, but are also found in other autoimmune diseases, most often in rheumatoid arthritis, type 1 diabetes mellitus and celiac disease. The association with other immune pathologies further confirms that TPO antibodies were also detected in 15 % of patients with asthma, in 10–29 % of those with idiopathic purpura and vitiligo. The prevalence of TPO antibodies is slightly higher than TgAb, and rTSH-Ab are rarely registered in non-thyroid immunological diseases.

Hormonal contraception in women with diffuse nontoxic goiter and autoimmune thyroiditis

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
Galina Petrovna Pologoyko
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroiditis ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Combined Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Nontoxic Goiter ◽  
And Function

The article considers the influence of combined oral contraceptives on size and function of thyroid gland in women of reproductive age. We examined 215 women, taking low dose and microdose combined oral contraceptives for 12 months as monotherapy or in combination with potassium iodide. The first group consisted of 75 women with diffuse nontoxic goiter, second – of 70 women with autoimmune thyroiditis. Control group consisted of 70 women without pathology of thyroid gland. Prior to therapy with combined contraceptives and after 12 months of treatment, we determined serum levels of free triiodothyronine, free thyroxine, and thyrotropin releasing hormone, antibodies to thyroid peroxidase and antibodies to thyroglobulin (ELISA) and performed sonography of thyroid gland. Results of our study suggest that combined oral contraceptives may increase the size of thyroid gland among women with diffuse nontoxic goiter without changing its function. In women with autoimmune thyroiditis, application of combined oral contraceptive significantly decreases blood levels of autoantibodies to thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin. Application of combined oral contraceptives in healthy women doesn’t influence the size and function of thyroid gland.

scholarly journals Treatment with Myo-Inositol and Selenium Ensures Euthyroidism in Patients with Autoimmune Thyroiditis

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Nordio ◽  
Sabrina Basciani
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Thyroiditis ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Hyperthyroid Patient ◽  
Normal Thyroid Function ◽  
Complete Restoration

Clinical evidences have highlighted the efficacy of myo-inositol and selenium in the treatment of autoimmune thyroiditis. Aim of this study was to further analyze the role of myo-inositol plus selenium (Myo-Ins-Se) in restoring a normal thyroid function of Hashimoto’s patients with subclinical hypothyroidism. Eighty-six patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis having thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels between 3 and 6 mIU/L, elevated serum antithyroid peroxidase (TPOAb) and/or antithyroglobulin (TgAb), and normal free thyroxine (fT4) and free triiodothyronine (fT3) levels were enrolled in the study: one hyperthyroid subject with TSH about 0.14 μU/ml was included in this trial as a single case. Patients were assigned to receive Myo-Ins-Se. TSH, TPOAb, and TgAb levels were significantly decreased in patients treated with combined Myo-Ins-Se after 6 months of treatment. In addition, a significant fT3and fT4increase, along with an amelioration of their quality of life, was observed. Remarkably, TSH values of the hyperthyroid patient increased from 0.14 μU/ml up to 1.02 μU/ml, showing a complete restoration of TSH values at a normal range. In conclusion, the administration of Myo-Ins-Se is significantly effective in decreasing TSH, TPOAb, and TgAb levels, as well as enhancing thyroid hormones and personal wellbeing, therefore restoring euthyroidism in patients diagnosed with autoimmune thyroiditis.

scholarly journals Thyroid Functions in Bamboo-Shoots Consuming Children of Tripura, North-east India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indrajit Ray ◽  
A. K. Chandra ◽  
Saru Kumar Debbarma ◽  
Sekhar Kumar Mookerjee ◽  
Ajoy Datta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Iodine ◽  
Thyroid Volume ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
North East ◽  
Bamboo Shoots ◽  
The Village

Abstract PurposeInformation on thyroid functions in populations consuming potent antithyroidal bamboo-shoots (BS) was found scanty. Therefore, to assess thyroid function in BS consuming children was found relevant.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 127 children from 3 villages. Thyroid volume (TV), free thyroxine (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroglobulin antibody (Tg-Ab), thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO-Ab), urinary iodine (UI), urinary thiocyanate (USCN), salt iodine (SI), water iodine (WI), and BS consumption pattern were assessed. ResultsVariable-wise overall mean±SDs/medians/interquartile ranges (IQR) were - age: 8.69±1.69/8.77/7.22-9.74 y, TVol: 0.82±0.27/0.82/0.67-0.96 ml, FT4: 19.5+5.6/20.1/16.9-22.0 pmol/L, FT3: 4.27+1.24/4.22/3.35-4.96 pmol/L, TSH: 2.44+1.39/2.33/1.60-3.15 mIU/L, Tg-Ab: 15.2+10.0/12.5/11.1-14.5 IU/ml, TPO-Ab: 5.58+12.25/3.89/2.90-5.11 IU/ml, UI: 117.4±58.5/108/73-160.5 µg/L, USCN: 0.99+0.67/0.8/0.5-1.2 mg/dl, WI: 4 .69±4.56/3.0/1.35–7µg/L, and BS consumption: 153.8±01.4/119/71.4–214.3 g/person/day respectively. Only 80.3% salt samples had ≥15 ppm iodine. Thyroid dysfunction prevalence was 6.3%. There were positive correlations between TV and FT4 (r=0.2466, p=0.005), UI and TSH (r=0.2633, p=0.003), TSH and FT4 (r=0.2135, p=0.016), TSH and FT3 (r=0.1898, p=0.033), USCN and FT4 (r=0.2477, p=0.005), Tg-Ab and TPO-Ab (r=0.3768, p=<0.001), and negative correlations between Tg-Ab and TSH (r=-0.2024, p=0.023), Tg-Ab and FT4 (r=-0.1869, p=0.035). In boys, USCN had a positive correlation with TPO-Ab (r=0.3069, p=0.018). The village having highest levels of BS consumption (p=0.037) and median UI showed higher TSH levels (p=0.037) and higher FT3 level (p=0.001) compared to the village of lowest BS consumption.ConclusionsThe BS consuming children appear at risk of developing hypothyroidism by Tg-Ab, which may partly be diminished by reducing BS consumption.

scholarly journals THYROID STATUS OF ATHLETES IN VARIOUS DISCIPLINES

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (S1) ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
R Radzhabkadiev ◽  
K Vybornaya ◽  
C Lavrinenko ◽  
A Vasilev
Keyword(s):  
Female Athletes ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Thyroid Status ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Normal Limits

Aim. The article deals with the assessment of the thyroid status of athletes engaged in physical activity of varying intensity. Materials ant methods. 146 elite athletes involved in bobsleigh, biathlon, shooting and snowboarding participated in the study. We determined the serum concentration of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (f.T3), free thyroxin (f.T4) and thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPO-ab) with the COBAS e411 immunochemistry analyzer (Roche, Germany). The integral thyroid index ((f.T3 + f.T4)/TSH) was used for the assessment of the level of function of the thyroid proper. The conversion index of thyroxin to triiodothyronine (f.T4/ f.T3) was also studied. Results. 40 % of the bobsleigh athletes examined and 29 % of the snowboarders had high serum f.T3. The concentration of f.T4 in all examined athletes both male and female was within normal limits. Approximately 25 % of the male athletes examined had low II values. Among female athletes, 25 % of shooters and 33 % of bobsleigh athletes had low II values. In male biathletes and bobsleigh athletes, TPO-ab was 56 % higher than in shooters and snowboarders. In 43 % of bobsleigh athletes, 19 % of shooters, 10 % of biathletes and snowboarders, the content of TSH in males exceeded the reference intervals. Among females, TSH was high in 25 % of shooters and bobsleigh athletes. Conclusion. There were no statistically significant differences in the content of thyroid hormones in the compared sports groups, which can probably be explained by the activity of deiodinases at the local, intracellular level. At the same time, in a large number of respondents surveyed, the indicators of II and TPO-ab were outside the physiological norm.

scholarly journals Relationship between Different Psoriasis Types and Thyroid Dysfunction: A Retrospective Analysis

Scanning ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Juan Du ◽  
Chunyue Ma ◽  
Runnan Wang ◽  
Lanmei Lin ◽  
Luhui Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psoriatic Arthritis ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Thyroid Function Tests ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Total Thyroxine

Objective. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between different psoriasis types and thyroid dysfunction. Methods. The data of patients diagnosed with psoriasis between January 2013 and October 2018 who underwent thyroid function tests were collected. Free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), total triiodothyronine (TT3), total thyroxine (TT4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroglobulin antibody (TGAb), and thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) were measured. The thyroid function of patients with psoriasis vulgaris, pustular psoriasis, erythrodermic psoriasis, and psoriatic arthritis was evaluated, and the differences in hormone levels and antibodies in the pituitary-thyroid axis with psoriasis type were analyzed. Results. The data of a total of 468 patients were analyzed in this study. The proportion of normal hormone levels was higher among vulgaris patients ( P < 0.001 ), while the erythrodermic patients were more likely to have decreased FT3 or FT4 but normal TSH ( P < 0.001 ). FT3 levels were lower in pustular patients ( P < 0.05 ), FT4 levels were lower in erythrodermic patients ( P < 0.05 ), and TSH levels were higher in patients with psoriatic arthritis ( P < 0.05 ). TPOAb levels were higher than normal in all patients, but there was no significant difference in the levels of TPOAb and TGAb among 4 types of the patients. Conclusion. Psoriasis is related to thyroid dysfunction, especially in patients with atypical psoriasis types. The possibility of complications should be considered in erythrodermic patients.

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