Organizational And Technological Features Of Additional Resource Provision Of Facilities When Producing Works In The Winter

The basis of the formation of capital costs is the resource provision of the construction of the object, which should take into account the features of the applied technologies and methods of construction in different climatic conditions. The article analyzes the normative documents regulating the organizational and technological features of conducting construction works and establishing requirements for additional resource provision, depending on the different climatic conditions of the winter period. On the basis of the evaluation of the initial conditions as well as the complicating factors of production of works included in the estimate rate for the winter rise in price, the additional resourcing production work in the winter, did not take into account in the estimated standards, is substantiated. Additional resource provision when conducting works in winter in areas exposed to winds of more than 10 m/s is considered. The additional costs of temporary heating and accelerated drying (outside the heating period) to eliminate the high humidity of structures or treated surfaces when producing finishing and other special works are justified. The significance of the study conducted is the practical account of the additional necessary resource provision of the enterprises of the construction complex to ensure the quality execution of construction and installation works.

2004 ◽  
Vol 155 (7) ◽  
pp. 284-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pietro Stanga ◽  
Niklaus Zbinden

The retrospective study based on aerial photos (1971–2001) of the Canton Tessin made it possible to measure and analyze the evolution of the vegetation of eleven Alpine zones. The analysis shows a strong expansion of the arborescent vegetation and, at the same time, a decrease in other forms of ground cover (bush, shrub, meadow and unproductive spaces). Analysis of the data gives rise to the conjecture that the strong evolutionary dynamism evidenced by the areas under investigation is a result of the vast clearings carried out in past centuries to create pastures. Following the subsequent decrease in human pressure, nature today is attempting to rebalance the level of the biomass. These processes manifest themselves in different ways and with various intensity, depending on the interaction of numerous factors (e.g. climatic conditions, site fertility, initial conditions, evolution of anthropological pressure, etc.).


Author(s):  
Yuri Chendev ◽  
Maria Lebedeva ◽  
Olga Krymskaya ◽  
Maria Petina

The ongoing climate change requires a quantitative assessment of the impact of weather conditions on the nature and livelihoods of the population. However, to date, the concept of “climate risk” has not been finally defined, and the corresponding terminology is not universally recognized. One manifestation of climate change is an increase in climate variability and extremeness in many regions. At the same time, modern statistics indicate growing worldwide damage from dangerous weather and climate events. The most widely used in climate services is the concept of “Vulnerability index”, which reflects a combination (with or without weighing) of several indicators that indicate the potential damage that climate change can cause to a particular sector of the economy. development of adaptation measures to ensure sustainable development of territories. The main criterion for the vulnerability of the territory from the point of view of meteorological parameters is the extremeness of the basic values: daily air temperature, daily precipitation, maximum wind speed. To fully take into account the possible impacts of extreme climatic conditions on the region’s economy, it is necessary to detail the weather and climate risks taking into account the entire observation network, since significant differences in quantitative assessment are possible. The obtained average regional values of the climate vulnerability indices for the Belgorod Region of the Russian Federation provide 150 points for the winter period, 330 points for the summer season, which indicates the prevalence of extreme weather conditions in the warm season. Most of the territory has a relative influence on climatic phenomena, with the exception of the East and the Southeast Region. Moreover, the eastern part of the region is the most vulnerable in climatic terms.


2021 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 50-59
Author(s):  
V. R. Bashirova ◽  
E. M. Feschenko

The article presents data of agrobiological evaluation (2018-2021) of plum collection samples of Orenburg branch of Federal Horticultural Research Center for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery. The research was aimed at identifying varieties and forms with the best characteristics of winter hardiness, drought resistance, productivity. In the Orenburg Urals, breeding development measures aimed at increasing the adaptability and productivity of plum plantations are appropriate. According to the results of a comprehensive assessment of productivity and adaptability, promising plum varieties have been identified. The best adaptability to adverse weather and climatic conditions of the winter period was characteristic of plum varieties Kuyashskaya and Vega. According to the weight of the fruit, Antonina and Kuyashskaya varieties (24,26 g and 23,19 g) stood out as promising plum varieties. The highest productivity index was found in the plum varieties Svetlana (12,46 kg) and Nadezhda (11,48 kg), the yield of these varieties was 5 and 5,4 t/ha, respectively. The Khabarovsk early and Svetlana varieties were characterized by the greatest accumulation of dry soluble substances –17,93 and 16,72 %. The highest total acidity (1,78 %) and the ascorbic acid content (9,46 mg%) were marked in the Svetlana variety. Characteristics of the water regime were the best in forms 12-7, 11-10 and varieties Antonina, Kuyashskaya. The identified adaptive plum varieties can be recommended for the expansion of the zoned assortment on the territory of the Orenburg Urals.


2018 ◽  
Vol 875 ◽  
pp. 183-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.V. Stefanenko ◽  
Valery N. Azarov ◽  
Katerina A. Trokhimchuk ◽  
Marina V. Trokhimchuk

The paper shows that the fulfillment of construction works influences the level of fine dust content in urban environment. Investigations of fine dust emissions in the zones of earth excavations and soil spoil banks caused by construction works were carried out. The authors conducted an integrated investigation of the physico-chemical processes in the surface layer of the atmosphere in the course of construction works, which was based on the field and computational experiments. With the help of a laboratory wind-tunnel plant, it was revealed that the character of dust emission during the development of dispersive massifs depends on the climatic conditions, in particular on the wind velocity and the physical-and-mechanical properties of the rocks (humidity, porosity, plasticity indices). A specific-purpose GIS application has been designed which allows modelling the dynamics of air flows in the territories with anthropogenic development. The application is based on the methods of mathematical and simulation modelling, the methods of visualization and surface plotting as well as the methods of software applications development.


2004 ◽  
Vol 11 (5/6) ◽  
pp. 589-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Manzoni ◽  
A. Porporato ◽  
P. D'Odorico ◽  
F. Laio ◽  
I. Rodriguez-Iturbe

Abstract. An analytical model for the soil carbon and nitrogen cycles is studied from the dynamical system point of view. Its main nonlinearities and feedbacks are analyzed by considering the steady state solution under deterministic hydro-climatic conditions. It is shown that, changing hydro-climatic conditions, the system undergoes dynamical bifurcations, shifting from a stable focus to a stable node and back to a stable focus when going from dry, to well-watered, and then to saturated conditions, respectively. An alternative degenerate solution is also found in cases when the system can not sustain decomposition under steady external conditions. Different basins of attraction for "normal" and "degenerate" solutions are investigated as a function of the system initial conditions. Although preliminary and limited to the specific form of the model, the present analysis points out the importance of nonlinear dynamics in the soil nutrient cycles and their possible complex response to hydro-climatic forcing.


Climate ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurt Heil ◽  
Anna Lehner ◽  
Urs Schmidhalter

Field experiments were conducted to test different agronomic practices, such as soil cultivation, fertilization, and pest and weed management, in highly controlled plot cultivation. The inter-annual yields and the interpretation of such experiments is highly affected by the variability of climatic conditions and fertilization level. We examined the effect of different climate indices, such as winterkill, late spring frost, early autumn frost, different drought parameters, precipitation-free periods, and heat-related stress, on winter wheat yield. This experiment was conducted in an agricultural area with highly fertile conditions, characterized by a high available water capacity and considerable C and N contents in lower soil depths. Residuals were calculated from long-term yield trends with a validated method (time series autoregressive integrated moving average ARIMA) and these served as base values for the detection of climate-induced, short-term, and inter-annual variations. In a subsequent step, the real yield values were used for their derivations from climate factors. Residuals and real yields were correlated with climate variables in multiple regression of quantitative analyses of the yield sensitivity. The inter-annual variation of yields varied considerably within the observation period. However, the variation was less an effect of the climatic conditions during the main growing time periods, being more of an effect of the prevailing climate conditions in the winter period as well as of the transition periods from winter to the warmer season and vice versa. The high storage capacity of plant available water exerted a remarkable dampening effect on drought-induced effects during the main vegetation periods. Increasing fertilization led to increased susceptibility to drought stress. The results indicate a changed picture of the yield development in these fertile locations.


2020 ◽  
Vol 172 ◽  
pp. 24005
Author(s):  
Nikola Pokorny ◽  
Tomas Matuska ◽  
Vladimir Jirka ◽  
Borivoj Sourek

Testing of two facade modules under outdoor climatic conditions of Central Europe has been performed for more than two years. The paper analyses the results of long-term monitoring and shows potential benefits of prismatic glazing and photovoltaic-thermal (PVT) collectors integrated into one component. The prismatic glazing reflects beam radiation during summer period and transmits it during the winter period. During summer month solar irradiation transmitted through the prismatic glazing can be about 44 % lower compared to conventional triple glazing. Glazed PVT collector generates heat and electricity simultaneously. PVT collector integrated in the façade module can achieve solar yield during summer 58 kWh/m2.month in heat and 6,3 kWh/m2.month in electricity.


2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
Петр Мельник ◽  
Petr Mel'nik ◽  
Юрий Глазунов ◽  
Yuriy Glazunov ◽  
Михаил Мерзленко ◽  
...  

In normative documents defining the principles of reforestation, unconditional preference is given to local or nearby populations. This situation contradicts the data obtained by many authors in various forest growing areas, as well as the results of our research, which were performed in 65-year-old geographical cultures of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in the Serebryanoborsky forestry of the Institute of Forest Science, located in the central part of the Moscow region. Despite the remote origin (the distance from the geographical landings under study was about 900 km to the east), the planting grown from seeds obtained from the Mozhginsky region of the Udmurt Republic was close to the average height with the Moscow region and Vladimir climatypes and significantly exceeded them in average diameter and stock. The distribution of trees by thickness steps in the tree stands under study is close to normal. At the same time, in the Udmurt climatype, a shift towards the predominance of large trunks is noticeable, whereas in the Vladimir climatype, they are lagging behind. Moscow Provision occupies an intermediate position. According to the dependences of relative heights on tree diameters, the most intense competitive relations are characteristic of the Vladimir climate type. In the first place, this reflects the greatest density of the plantings. In the Udmurt climatype, a high H/D value, corresponding in size to that in Moscow and Vladimir climatypes, is characteristic of trees lagging behind in growth, the diameter of which does not exceed 20 cm. Leading trees in the Udmurt clima type are significantly larger than the local provences. . Planting of Udmurt origin not only adapted to the climatic conditions of the study area, but also surpassed local climatypes in terms of the aggregate characteristics of growth and productivity.


2008 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 487-497
Author(s):  
A. Fischer ◽  
G. Schalitz ◽  
A. Behrendt

Abstract. During two successive winter periods the ingestive behaviour of female fallow deer and Skudde mother sheep was observed during the day-light periods of a day in fourteen-day intervals. The animals were grouped together on an extensively used permanent fen pasture area with a stock of 0.5 large-animal units (which corresponds to 250 kg of animal living mass) per hectare. Sufficient quantities of fresh grass and hay were available. The results obtained show that the animals maintained their species-specific ingestive behaviour despite common keeping. As compared to fallow deer, the sheep spent markedly longer time with ingestive activities. There were only rare instances of rivalry and conflict (over grazing positions or hay-feeding points) between the two species. The animals of the two groups of species under examination are well adapted to the prevailing climatic conditions. They proved to be able to respond to extreme weather conditions as cold periods and snow storms. It can be rightfully stated that they are able to spend the winter in the open without harm to their health. Outdoor keeping in the winter period can be regarded as suitable for fallow deer and Skudde sheep in northeast Germany.


Author(s):  
S.E. Manzhilevskaya ◽  

The article analyzes methods for calculating the cost of environmental damage from construction work. Under the damage caused to the national economy by dust emissions from local construction and from other sources, they mean the additional costs necessary to eliminate the effects of air pollution. The analysis of the influence of fine dust particles emitted during repair, construction and decoration works air in the urban environment and the working area. Calculation methods and methods for the economic assessment of the cost of harm caused by construction production to the environment are proposed.


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