Soil algae and cyanobacteria of Moscow State University educational-scientific station «Satino»

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Marina F. Dorokhova
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Hydrocarbon Fuel ◽  
State University ◽  
Soil Algae ◽  
Podzolic Soils ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Type Of Land Use ◽  
Scientific Station ◽  
Moscow State University

The species composition of soil algae and cyanobacteria in landscapes with different types of land use was studied for the first time on the territory of the Lomonosov Moscow state University educational and scientific station (Kaluga region). 125 species and intraspecific taxa of algae and 35 species of cyanobacteria were found. The specificity of algal-cyanobacterial communities in soils under different types of forest, in clearings of different ages and on arable land was revealed. In a field experiment, the effect of hydrocarbon fuel contamination (gasoline, kerosene, and diesel fuel) on the algal-cyanobacterial communities of sod-podzolic soils was studied. It is shown that with the same primary load of pollutants, their toxicity to algae and cyanobacteria and the rate of recovery of algal-cyanobacterial communities depends on the type of land use of the territory, and with the same type of land use – on the water regime of soils. In the same soil, the specific of the pollutant also affects the recovery of algal-cyanobacterial communities. Data on the composition of algae and cyanobacteria successfully complement information about the biological activity of soils obtained by other methods.

scholarly journals Moscow University’s field station in the Khibiny Mountains, Russian Arctic: A 70-year history to the present day

Polar Record ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Vikulina ◽  
T.V. Vashchalova ◽  
O.V. Tutubalina ◽  
W.G. Rees ◽  
Y.V. Zaika
Keyword(s):  
Focal Point ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Research Station ◽  
State University ◽  
Field Station ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Science And Education ◽  
Student Training ◽  
Scientific Station ◽  
Moscow State University

Abstract The Khibiny Educational and Scientific Station (KESS) of the Faculty of Geography, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), was founded in 1948. It is one of the oldest stations of the MSU Faculty of Geography and the only one located north of the Arctic Circle. It is also one of the oldest continuously operating arctic field stations in the world. For more than 70 years, the research station has fostered scientific and international collaboration. Science and education carried out at the station have always gone hand in hand and the research results have been both theoretical and practical. Many generations of Russian geographers owe their successful careers to the research activities at the Khibiny station. Nowadays, it is one of the two major student training bases for the Faculty of Geography as well as a focal point of many national and international research projects, including the International Network for Terrestrial Research and Monitoring in the Arctic (INTERACT) network.

Preliminary results of the application of two methods for studying soil diatoms

2021 ◽  
pp. 105-109
Author(s):  
Tatiana A. Buevich ◽  
Dmitry A. Chudaev ◽  
Maria A. Gololobova
Keyword(s):  
Additional Data ◽  
Classical Method ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
State University ◽  
Soil Algae ◽  
River Floodplain ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Active Life ◽  
Moscow State University

Preliminary results of applying two methods for isolating diatoms from the soil that were used during the study of soil algae of the Zvenigorod Biological Station of Moscow State University are presented in this paper. The authors compare the classical method of moist chambers with fouling glasses and the method of isolating diatoms from the soil using moist plates with gauze placed on the surface of the soil. The methods were used to isolate diatoms from soil samples taken in two biotopes – in a birch forest and in a river floodplain. It has been shown that the main advantage of the method of fouling glasses is the reception of additional data on the active life of algae in the soil, since many algae form clones on the surface of the glass as a result of cell division. At the same time, with the help of gauze cultures, it is possible to obtain preparations that contain more material of better quality, since the shells of diatoms can be better cleaned from organics using this method. Both methods have their advantages and disadvantages, and to obtain more complete results, the authors recommend using them together.

scholarly journals Differentiating Soils from Arable and Fallow Land Using Spectrometry

Soil Systems ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Pavel Ukrainskiy ◽  
Fedor Lisetskii ◽  
Arseniy Poletaev
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Permutation Test ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Soil System ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Colour Coordinates

In this study, we analyse soil system responses—in particular, the colours of soils resulting from different types of land use (arable land and residential areas) caused by the construction of an ancient boundary rampart near a multilayer monument dating from between prehistory and the Middle Ages within the boundaries of the Bosporus Kingdom (Eastern Crimea)—in an area of modern and ancient (4th–2nd centuries BC) land use (Northwestern Crimea). These differences are of interest because they offer the chance to decipher different types of ancient land use and systems of land surveying, incorporating data from colour aerial photographs obtained with the help of unmanned aerial vehicles. Soil samples displaying different types of anthropogenic transformation were taken from the ancient boundary ramparts and adjacent land. The soil colour coordinates in the CIE L*a*b system were measured with the help of an AvaSpec-2048 spectrometer. Differences in colour coordinates were analysed using analysis of variance (NPMANOVA) based on the permutation test, the Kruskal–Wallis test, and the Mann–Whitney test, corrected according to multiple comparisons carried out as per the Bonferroni method. The results of this statistical analysis show that there are statistically significant differences in soil colour coordinates between samples collected on the ramparts and under various other types of land use. These differences are more pronounced in the samples characterised by the agrogenic transformation of soil. This makes it possible to use remote sensing data to detect traces of ancient boundary ramparts, even if the ramparts are partially destroyed by ploughing.

Hinged Brick Facade Systems for Seismic Regions of Russia

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-39
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Dynamic Loads ◽  
Seismic Stability ◽  
State University ◽  
Dynamic Tests ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Hydraulic Cylinders ◽  
Structural Solutions ◽  
Moscow State University

The results of experimental studies on the assessment of seismic resistance of various structural solutions of hinged facade systems with a facing layer of brickwork under the action of dynamic loads on the structure, simulating seismic effects in earthquakes of 7-9 points on the scale of MSK-64 are presented. Dynamic tests were carried out with the use of an installation developed at Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, which included a metal stand with special movable supports, hydraulic cylinders (Actuator) and modern measuring equipment. This equipment made it possible to evaluate during testing the force effects on the stand, accelerations, displacements and deformations in any element of the stand and the hinged facade system. Two design variants of the hinged facade system, in which different types of masonry fastening to the supporting substructures are applied, are considered. The factors affecting the seismic stability of the facing layer under the action of dynamic loads and excluding its destruction and the appearance of cracks in it are established. During the tests, accelerations and deformations of the structures of the hinged facade system at the specified points were obtained. On the example of the analysis of the results of experimental dynamic studies of the system of the ATS-450 type of "U-kon" Company of, the effectiveness of the use of special measures that ensure the monolithic masonry and, accordingly, its reliability under seismic influences is shown.

Conceptual approaches to finding effective treatment for a new coronavirus infection at different stages

2021 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
Armais A. Kamalov ◽  
Viacheslav Y. Mareev ◽  
Iana A. Orlova
Keyword(s):  
Medical Research ◽  
Effective Treatment ◽  
State University ◽  
Thromboembolic Complications ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Pathogenetic Therapy ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Research And Education ◽  
Published Research ◽  
Moscow State University

The article attempts to analyze the change in philosophy in approaches to the treatment of COVID-19 that have occurred in recent months, based on published research and their own experience in the treatment of a new coronavirus infection at the medical research and education center of Moscow state University. Emphasis is placed on the rationale for the phased use of different types of therapy. The reasons for using spironolactone in patients with COVID-19 as a drug for etiotropic and pathogenetic therapy are discussed in detail. The authors conclude that the use of antiviral drugs in combination with drugs that prevent the entry of the SARS-CoV-2 virus into cells from the first days of the disease should be supplemented with pre-emptive anti-inflammatory therapy that interrupts the progression of the disease. The parallel use of anticoagulants that reduce the risk of thrombotic and thromboembolic complications.

scholarly journals Olga Rzhannikova’s Seminars on Literary Translation from Bulgarian into Russian

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 206-226
Author(s):  
Mariya M. Gromova ◽  
◽  
Antonina B. Tveritskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Associate Professor ◽  
Literary Translation ◽  
State University ◽  
Language History ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Approach To Teaching ◽  
Moscow State University

This article is dedicated to the seminars on literary translation from Bulgarian into Russian held regularly over the course of several years for students of the Department of Slavic Philology at Lomonosov Moscow State University by associate professor Olga Rzhannikova (1955–2014). The article discusses Rzhannikova’s approach to teaching Bulgar- ian and the role of different types of translation in training future linguists. The learning process at the translation seminars is described through the eyes of its participants: students of the Slavic and Russian departments at the MSU Faculty of Philology who studied Bulgarian as their primary foreign language. Notable features of the seminars included the active participation of each student as well as the detailed discussion and analysis of all translation options. Seminar participants translated works by famous Bulgarian writers, which allowed them to not only practice their translation skills but also to familiarize themselves with contemporary Bulgarian literature. Several participants went into translation professionally and are currently successfully working in this field. After the death of Olga Rzhannikova in 2014, some of her former seminar participants continued her work teaching translation from Bulgarian to anyone interested. This continued for several more semesters, for as long as there were people still interested in taking the course. The purpose of this article is to preserve the memory of Olga Rzhannikova not only as a professor of Bulgarian language, history, and dialectology but also as a professor of translation, as well as to highlight and preserve the tradition of translating Bulgarian literature into Russian. The article outlines some of the accomplishments of the seminars: translations of short stories by Georgi Gospodinov, Deyan Enev, Peter Chukhov, and Yordan Radichkov.

scholarly journals Mikhail Kondratyev: When There is Only a Name on a Card

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 554-562
Author(s):  
Marianna E. Sachkova ◽  
Nikita V. Kochetkov
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Educational Psychology ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
State University ◽  
Outstanding Scientist ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Moscow State University ◽  
Power And Authority

The article is dedicated to the memory of an outstanding scientist, founder and dean of the Faculty of Social Psychology at the Moscow State University of Psychology and Education (MSUPE). Mikhail Yurievich Kondratyev was a well-known researcher and practitioner in the field of social psychology, including the problems of closed social groups, status structuring of communities of different types, relations of interpersonal significance, phenomena of power and authority, to mention just a few. He was also the author of over 300 educational, scientific and methodological publications on social, penitentiary, developmental and educational psychology.

scholarly journals The Diversity Distribution Pattern of Ruderal Community under the Rapid Urbanization in Hangzhou, East China

Diversity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Mingli Zhang ◽  
Kun Song ◽  
Liangjun Da
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
High Plasticity ◽  
Master Planning ◽  
Major City ◽  
Human Disturbances ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Type Of Land Use ◽  
Community Types

The process of rapid urbanization has affected the composition and diversity of urban vegetation species. The process of urbanization from 2000 was analyzed in the area of "one major city with three vice cities and six groups", according to the urban master planning of Hangzhou from 2001 to 2020. The results show that dramatic changes have occurred for land use types during the ten years from 2000 to 2010 in Hangzhou, of which urban land has become the main type of land use and the area of arable land has presented serious loss. This study found that the Gramineae and Compositae species were the main groups of ruderals in 1665 quadrats, which reflected the characteristics of a few large families. The number of Monotypic and Oligotypic family/genera accounted for 67.3% of the total number of families and 97.5% of the total number of genera. The ruderals were dominated by annual life forms with strong adaptability and high plasticity. The ruderal communities in the study areas were divided into 125 community types based on clustering analysis of the dominance of ruderal species. The proportion of summer annual ruderals in the dominant species of ruderal communities gradually decreased along the group-vice city-major city gradient. The percentage of winter annual ruderals was the highest and the percentage of perennials was the lowest in the groups. The number of ruderal community types showed a nonlinear decreasing trend along the urbanization gradient of the group-vice city-major city. The number of ruderal communities in the vice cities and the groups was similar, which was higher than that in the major city. Only species that are highly tolerant to urban habitats can be distributed under frequent and high-intensity human disturbances in the major city. Therefore, the number of ruderal communities in the major city was minimal and it had low diversity.

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