scholarly journals Initial Behavior of Additives and Mechanical Properties of Copper Foils on High Current Density

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 304-313
Author(s):  
Tae-Gyu Woo ◽  
Jong-Jae Park ◽  
Il-Song Park
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Crystal Size ◽  
High Current Density ◽  
Additive Group ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
High Current ◽  
Grain Sizes ◽  
Small Crystals ◽  
The Individual

In this study, we studied the surface and mechanical properties of multiple additives as well as the initial plating properties of individual additives. With the individual additive groups, copper crystals tended to converge at a stage above the critical amount of additive. When chloride ions were added, large crystals formed at several places on the surface. Thereafter, small crystals were attached to and grew on the surface of the large crystals. When collagen and JGB (Janes Green B) were added individually, the crystals were more uniformly distributed on the surface as compared with the group with added chloride ions. In addition, starlike crystals were grown depending on the amount of addition. It was necessary to use multiple additives, which is why it is difficult to make a uniform surface layer with individual additives. Large crystals of more than 10 μm formed unevenly on the surface treated with multiple additives of chloride ions and MPSA (3-mercapto-1-propane sulfonic acid). Large crystals disappeared on the surface treated with additional collagen along with multiple additives. However, valley like shapes were observed on this surface, due to the large crystals. But, addition of JGB additives to this reduced the valley and formed a uniform plating layer. MPSA and 20 ppm of collagen were added as multiple additives, grain sizes increased by 93.5% (220 peak) and 172.3% (311 peak) compared with the non-additive group. As a result, tensile strength decreased by 24.5% and elongation increased by 17.8%. The crystal size was reduced 25.0% on average by the addition of 10 ppm JGB, which contributed to a 5.4% increase in tensile strength and a 16.0% decrease in elongation. The grain size and surface properties could be controlled by adding multiple combinations of additives. As a result, It was confirmed that mechanical properties could be controlled by the proper amount and the optimum combination of additives.

scholarly journals Effect of Annealing Process on the Mechanical Properties of X70 Pipeline Steel

2018 ◽  
Vol 186 ◽  
pp. 02001
Author(s):  
Teng-wei Zhu ◽  
Cheng-liang Miao ◽  
Zheng Cheng ◽  
Zhipeng Wang ◽  
Yang Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Pipeline Steel ◽  
Annealing Process ◽  
X70 Pipeline Steel ◽  
Grain Sizes ◽  
Scanning Electron

The influence of the mechanical properties of X70 pipeline steel under different annealing temperature was studied. The corresponding microstructure was investigated by the Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy. The results showed that the yield strength and the tensile strength both experienced from rise to decline with the increase of annealing temperature. The grain sizes were coarse and a large amount of cementite precipitated due to preserving temperature above 550 °, which induced matrix fragmentation and deteriorate the -10 ° DWTT Toughness. There were little changes on the microstructure and mechanical properties when the annealing temperature was under 500 °.

scholarly journals Tensile Strength and Creep Resistance in Nanocrystalline Cu, Pd and Ag

1990 ◽  
Vol 206 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. Nieman ◽  
J. R. Weertman ◽  
R. W. Siegel
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Creep Resistance ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
True Strain ◽  
Constant Load ◽  
Creep Tests ◽  
Grain Sizes

ABSTRACTMeasurements of tensile strength and creep resistance have been made on bulk samples of nanocrystalline Cu, Pd and Ag consolidated from powders by cold compaction. Samples of Cu-Cu2O have also been tested. Yield strength for samples with mean grain sizes of 5–80 nm and bulk densities on the order of 95% of theoretical density are increased 2–5 times over that measured in pure, annealed samples of the same composition with micrometer grain sizes. Ductility in the nanocrystalline Cu has exceeded 6% true strain, however, nanocrystalline Pd samples were much less ductile. Constant load creep tests performed at room temperature at stresses of >100 MPa indicate logarithmic creep. The mechanical properties results are interpreted to be due to grain size-related strengthening and processing flaw-related weakening.

scholarly journals The microstructure evolution and mechanical properties improvement of the AZ61 alloy by adding Sc

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Honggang Zhang ◽  
Jinhui Wang ◽  
Hongbin Ma ◽  
Yuan Yuan ◽  
Yongfeng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Microstructure Evolution ◽  
Secondary Phase ◽  
Grain Sizes ◽  
Az61 Alloy ◽  
Mg17al12 Phase

Abstract The improvement of mechanical properties and the microstructure evolution through adding Sc to AZ61magnesium alloy were studied. The results indicated that the Mg17Al12 phase in the extruded AZ61 alloy was mainly distributed around the sub-structured and fine deformed grains, resulting in the nonuniform microstructure. The addition of Sc could effectively suppress the band-like precipitation of Mg17Al12 phase and improve the uniformity of microstructure. The grain sizes of the extruded alloys showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing with the increase of Sc, which was mainly attributed to the secondary phase. The AZ61-0.5Sc alloy exhibited the best mechanical properties, its ultimate tensile strength and yield strength were 14.8MPa and 40.8MPa higher than those of the extruded AZ61 alloy, respectively, which was ascribed to the fine grains and abundant secondary phase in the alloy.

Investigation of mechanical and tribological properties of different grain size iron scale reinforced polymer composite

2020 ◽  
pp. 096739112098276
Author(s):  
Bilal Kursuncu ◽  
Azmi Erdogan ◽  
M Sabri Gok ◽  
Bilal Demirel
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Polymer Material ◽  
Wear Mechanism ◽  
Steel Production ◽  
Production Plant ◽  
Grain Sizes ◽  
Iron Scale

In this study, the change of mechanical properties by adding iron scales of different sizes into polypropylene (PP) was investigated. The iron scale was obtained from a steel production plant and adjusted to 30, 50, 90, 120, and 150 µm grain sizes. These iron scales were then added to the polymer material at a rate of 5% by weight. Wear and tensile strength tests were applied to the samples, which were formed in two different types. According to the results obtained, the wear and tensile strength of polymer material in all grain sizes were improved with an added iron scale. It was observed that the wear resistance of the composite material formed with the addition of fine-grained reinforcing element was the highest. Although grain size increased with increasing tensile strength, wear resistance did not increase. Besides, the friction coefficient was measured to be lower at increasing load. While the effective wear mechanism in pure polymer material is plastic deformation, this wear mechanism has not been found in composite materials with different grain sizes. In this study, it has been shown that iron scales have a positive effect on the mechanical properties of polymer composites.

Effect of the electropulsing on mechanical properties and microstructure of an ECAPed AZ31 Mg alloy

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 1570-1577 ◽  
Author(s):  
X.N. Du ◽  
S.M. Yin ◽  
S.C. Liu ◽  
B.Q. Wang ◽  
J.D. Guo
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Az31 Alloy ◽  
Mg Alloy ◽  
Microstructure Development ◽  
Grain Sizes ◽  
Angular Pressing ◽  
Az31 Mg Alloy ◽  
Structures And Properties ◽  
Elongation To Failure

The mechanical properties and corresponding microstructure development of the AZ31 Mg alloy after treatment with equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) and subsequent electropulsing (ECP) was investigated. Comparing the ECAP+ECP-treated AZ31 alloy with the ECAP-treated alloy, the elongation to failure was improved significantly, while the yield stress and the ultimate tensile strength were not decreased, the grain sizes were slightly increased and more homogeneous, and the texture was barely changed. The main mechanism for the evolution of the structures and properties might be ascribed to the increased nucleation rate on recrystallization and the decreased dislocation density during the ECP treatment. It was reasonable to expect that the ECAP+ECP treatment would provide a promising approach for enhancing the mechanical properties of the Mg alloys.

Mechanical Properties of Single and Double-Layered PVA Nanofibers

2013 ◽  
Vol 586 ◽  
pp. 261-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Tesárek ◽  
Pavla Ryparová ◽  
Zuzana Rácová ◽  
Vlastimil Králík ◽  
Jiří Němeček ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Number Of Layers ◽  
Average Tensile Strength ◽  
The Individual

Multi-layered nanofiber textiles can be utilized in many applications. In such case the individual layers are laid in more stages and the question arises whether the connection is perfect. Two kinds of samples of PVA nanotextiles having the weight of 1.3 g/m2 (single-layered, AI) and 2.8 g/m2 (double-layered, AII), respectively. It was shown that mechanical properties, in particular the average tensile strength (24 N/mm for AI and 51 N/mm for AII) and stiffness (950 N/mm for AI and 1600 N/mm for AII), are independent of the number of layers, only their weight per unit area matters. This indicates that the bond between the individual layers is perfect.

scholarly journals Enhanced Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Accumulative Roll-Bonded Co/Pb Nanocomposite

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1190
Author(s):  
Maryam Karbasi ◽  
Eskandar Keshavarz Alamdari ◽  
Elahe Amirkhani Dehkordi ◽  
Zulfiqar A. Khan ◽  
Fariborz Tavangarian
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Severe Plastic Deformation ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Uniform Structure ◽  
Roll Bonding ◽  
Grain Sizes ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Lead composites have been used as anodes in the electrowinning process to produce metals such as copper and zinc. Manufacturing stable lead anodes with appropriate mechanical and chemical properties is required to improve the performance of the electrowinning process. In this study, an accumulative roll bonding (ARB) method was used to fabricate a Co/Pb nanocomposite. Utilizing the ARB method can help us to achieve a uniform structure with enhanced mechanical properties via severe plastic deformation. The results showed that suitable tensile properties were obtained in Pb–0.5%Co–10pass samples. The tensile strength and strain of these samples were 2.51 times higher and 83.7% lower than that of as-cast pure Pb. They also showed creep resistance and hardness up to 1.8 and 2.5 times more than that of as-cast pure Pb. The ARB technique uniformly distributed Co particles in the Pb matrix. The enhanced strength of Pb samples was observed in the composite including grain sizes of less than 50 nm as a result of hindering the recovery phenomenon. The particle size of the Co distributed in the Pb matrix was 353 ± 259 nm. Compared to conventional methods, the ARB process improved the mechanical properties of Co/Pb composites and can open a new horizon to fabricating this composite in metal industries.

scholarly journals Characterization and Properties of Mg-xGd-1.5Nd-0.5Zn-0.5Zr Alloys for Biodegradation Applications

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenzhen Gui ◽  
Junyi Zhang ◽  
Zhixin Kang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Phase Distribution ◽  
Microstructural Characteristics ◽  
Electrochemical Tests ◽  
Galvanic Couple ◽  
Grain Sizes ◽  
Solution Treated ◽  
Mechanical Properties And Corrosion

The differences in microstructural characteristics, mechanical properties, and corrosion behavior of the as-cast and solution-treated Mg-xGd-1.5Nd-0.5Zn-0.5Zr alloys (Mg-xGd, x = 1, 3, and 5) were studied and discussed. The as-cast Mg-xGd alloys mainly consisted of an α-Mg and island-like eutectic (Mg,Zn)3RE phase, a few cuboidal phases (REH2), and a ZnZr phase. With the increase of Gd content, the grain sizes of the as-cast Mg-xGd alloys decreased. Compared to the microstructure of the as-cast Mg-xGd alloys, the eutectic (Mg,Zn)3RE phase disappeared and the cuboidal REH2 phases existed in the solution-treated Mg-xGd alloys. A large amount of ZnZrx phase was precipitated from α-Mg in the Mg-3Gd alloy and demonstrates a flower-like distribution. The ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and yield strength (YS) of the solution-treated Mg-xGd alloys increased with an increasing Gd content, with the UTS and YS of the Mg-5Gd alloys reaching 217.5 and 125.2 MPa, respectively. Immersion and electrochemical tests showed that the as-cast Mg-3Gd alloy presented the best corrosion resistance with a corrosion rate of 0.285 mm/yr. The corrosion resistance of the solution-treated Mg-3Gd alloy attained the lowest value (0.973 mm/yr), due to the large quantities of ZnZrx with a flower-like phase distribution, forming series of galvanic couple groups with the α-Mg.

scholarly journals The stabilization and protection of shorelines using the broadleaf cattail and reed sweet grass

2013 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-70
Author(s):  
Weronika Kowalik ◽  
Kinga Pachuta ◽  
Jerzy Jeznach
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Typha Latifolia ◽  
Strength Testing ◽  
Tensile Forces ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
The Individual

Abstract The stabilization and protection of shorelines using the broadleaf cattail and reed sweet grass. The article presents the results of studies on the mechanical properties of the broadleaf cattail Typha latifolia and reed sweet grass Glyceria maxima. The necessary study samples were collected from Lake Urszulewskie near Sierpc, Poland. The experiment was conducted using an Instron 5966 universal tensile strength testing machine. Tensile forces and the tensile strength of the individual parts of both plant species, i.e. below-ground stems (rhizomes), base of the stem and above-ground stems, were determined and compared with each other. The STATISTICA program was used for analysis. The calculated tensile strength values were compared to data of selected tree, shrub and plant species provided by other authors.

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