Individual

2019 ◽  
pp. 196-263
Author(s):  
James W. Underhill ◽  
Mariarosaria Gianninoto
Keyword(s):  
John Dewey ◽  
William James ◽  
Chinese Economy ◽  
Individual Rights ◽  
Conceptual Problem ◽  
The People ◽  
American Poets ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Way

This chapter treats the individual as a conceptual problem, both a modern ideal and a European characteristic. But the authors set out by considering the European traditions that have warned against excessive individualism, from the Church, from Marxists, and even from those who are now seen today as the champions of individual rights (such as John S. Mill). The enlightened individualism of William James and John Dewey, and the celebration of the individual by American poets such as Walt Whitman, is contrasted with Marxist objections to the keyword. Milan Kundera’s story about Ludvík, in The Joke, shows the way Czech communists mistrusted individualists and considered them to be enemies of the people. The Chinese section treats ‘individual’ as a foreign term, like citizen, that is introduced to Chinese after being borrowed from Japanese. The authors argue that the keywords used to denote the individual in Chinese and other languages have never been neutral. Clearly perceived in negative terms for many decades in China, the authors explore the way citizens began to discuss individual rights and individual obligations when the Chinese economy and the society began to open up after 1978.

Is the assessment under Article 8 ECHR for migrants justifiable?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1023263X2110614
Author(s):  
Jennie Edlund ◽  
Václav Stehlík
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Case Law ◽  
European Convention ◽  
Individual Rights ◽  
Foreign Nationals ◽  
European Court ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Way

The paper analyses the protection granted under Article 8 of the European Convention of Human Rights for different immigration cases. The way the European Court of Human Rights determines compliance with Article 8 for settled migrants differs from the way the Court determines compliance for foreign nationals seeking entry or requesting to regularize their irregular migration status. The paper argues that the European Court of Human Rights application of different principles when determining a States’ positive and negative obligations is contradicting its own case law. It also argues that the absence of justification grounds for the refusal of foreign nationals who are seeking entry lacks legitimacy. By treating all immigration cases under Article 8(2) the paper suggests that the differentiation between cases should be based on how a refusal of entry or an expulsion would impact on the family life. The paper also suggests that more consideration should be given towards the insiders interests when balancing the individual rights against the state's interests. These changes would lead to a more consistent and fair case law and generate a more convergent practice by the states which will increase the precedent value of the Court's judgements.

Migrating Meanings

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. Underhill ◽  
Mariarosaria Gianninoto ◽  
Mariarosaria Gianninoto
Keyword(s):  
Mandarin Chinese ◽  
Historical Narratives ◽  
Individual Rights ◽  
Lingua Franca ◽  
Broad View ◽  
European Languages ◽  
The People ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Historical Accounts

Exploring the roots of four keywords for our times: Europe, the citizen, the individual, and the people, Mariarosaria Gianninoto’s and James Underhill’s Migrating Meanings (2019) takes a broad view of conceptualization by taking on board various forms of English, (Scottish, American, and English), as well as other European languages (German, French, Spanish & Czech), and incorporating in-depth contemporary and historical accounts of Mandarin Chinese. The corpus-based research leads the authors to conclude that the English keywords are European concepts with roots in French and parallel traditions in German. But what happens to Chinese words when they come into contact with migrating meanings from Europe? How are existing concepts like the people transformed? This book goes beyond the cold analysis of concepts to scrutinize the keywords that move people and get them excited about individual rights and personal destinies. With economic, political and cultural globalisation, our world is inseparable from the fates of other nations and peoples. But how far can we trust English to provide us with a reliable lingua franca to speak about our world? If our keywords reflect our cultures and form parts of specific cultural and historical narratives, they may well trace the paths we take together into the future. This book helps us to understand how other languages are adapting to English words, and how their worldviews resist ‘anglo-concepts’ through their own traditions, stories and worldviews.

Politics, Power, and the Role of the Village Priest in Paraguay

1967 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederic Hicks
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Rural People ◽  
The People ◽  
Church Hierarchy ◽  
Personal Qualities ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Village ◽  
Latin American Countries ◽  
The Church

The parochial priests in small Paraguayan towns are generally reputed, in Paraguay, to exercise an extraordinary amount of power and influence over the people of their parishes—to a greater extent, it would seem, than in most other Latin American countries. This is, moreover, despite the fact that the church, as an institution, is considerably weaker, economically and politically, than in all but a handful of such countries. Therefore, what power the individual priest may have can not be viewed as simply an extension of the power of the church. Most urban Paraguayans, including at least some members of the church hierarchy, are inclined to attribute this situation to the alleged superstitious or credulous nature of the Paraguayan peasants. The rural people themselves, on the other hand, are apt to explain the influence of their own local priest, at least, as due to his personal qualities or strength of character, as did the Services when referring to the prestige of the local priest of Tobati.

Unity, Uniformity and Diversity: the Anglican Liturgy in England and the United States, 1900-1940

1996 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 465-475
Author(s):  
Martin Dudley
Keyword(s):  
Church Of England ◽  
The United States ◽  
Book Of Common Prayer ◽  
Queen Victoria ◽  
The People ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
Charles Ii ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Common Prayer ◽  
The Church

‘Uniformity’, declared Sir John Nicholl, one of the greatest of Anglican ecclesiastical lawyers, ‘is one of the leading and distinguishing principles of the Church of England - nothing is left to the discretion and fancy of the individual.’ At the Reformation the English Church was distinguished not by the decisions of councils, confessional statements, or the writings of particular leaders, but by one uniform liturgy. This liturgy, ‘containing nothing contrary to the Word of God, or to sound Doctrine’ and consonant with the practice of the early Church, was intended to ‘preserve Peace and Unity in the Church’ and to edify the people. It was also opposed to the ‘great diversity in saying and singing in Churches within this Realm’ and, abolishing the liturgical uses of Salisbury, Hereford, Bangor, York, and Lincoln, it established that ‘now from henceforth all the whole Realm shall have but one Use’. This principle of liturgical uniformity was enshrined in the several Acts of Uniformity from that of the second year of King Edward VI to that of the fourteenth year of Charles II, amended, but not abolished, in the reign of Queen Victoria. It was a principle conveyed to the churches in the colonies so that, even if they revised or abandoned the Book of Common Prayer in use in England, as the Americans did in 1789, what was substituted was called ‘The Book of Common Prayer and declared to be ‘the Liturgy of this Church’ to be ‘received as such by all members of the same’. The principle of uniformity was modified during the Anglican Communion’s missionary expansion. The Lambeth Conference of 1920 considered that liturgical uniformity throughout the Churches of the Anglican Communion was not a necessity, but the 1930 Conference held that the Book of Common Prayer, as authorized in the several Churches of the Communion, was the place where faith and order were set forth, and so implied a degree of uniformity maintained by the use of a single book.

scholarly journals Mariologiczno-eklezjologiczna interpretacja obrazu Niewiasty z Ap 12

Sympozjum ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1 (40)) ◽  
pp. 11-23
Author(s):  
Danuta Piekarz
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
The Sun ◽  
People Of God ◽  
The People ◽  
Average Reader ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Church

Mariological and ecclesiological interpretation of the image of the Woman from Apocalypse 12 In chapter 12 of the Apocalypse, key to the whole work, there appears the mysterious figure of a Woman clothed with the sun. Throughout history, this figure has been interpreted in many different ways. The average reader spontaneously associates her with Mary, as artists often portray the Mother of Christ according to the apocalyptic description; however, the oldest commentators saw in the Woman the People of God of the Old and New Testaments. Later on, the Marian-ecclesiological interpretation became widespread – and is often accepted in our Times – which perceives the Woman as both Mary and the Church. Certain elements of the description of the Woman are more suited to Mary, others – to the Church, and many can be interpreted in both senses. This is shown in the second part of the article, which discusses the individual symbolic elements of the image of the Woman, emphasizing the references to the texts of the Old Testament. Abstrakt W rozdziale 12. Apokalipsy św. Jana, kluczowym dla całości dzieła, pojawia się tajemnicza postać Niewiasty obleczonej w słońce. Na przestrzeni dziejów bardzo różnie interpretowano tę postać. Przeciętny czytelnik spontanicznie kojarzy ją z Maryją, gdyż artyści często przedstawiają Matkę Chrystusa zgodnie z apokaliptycznym opisem; jednak najstarsi komentatorzy widzieli w Niewieście Lud Boży Starego i Nowego Testamentu. Później rozpowszechniła się – i jest często akceptowana w naszych czasach – interpretacja maryjno-eklezjologiczna, dopatrująca się w Niewieście zarówno Maryi, jak i Kościoła. Pewne elementy opisu Niewiasty bardziej pasują bowiem do Maryi, inne – do Kościoła, a wiele można interpretować w obu znaczeniach. Ukazuje to druga część artykułu, w której omówiono poszczególne elementy symboliczne obrazu Niewiasty, podkreślając nawiązania do tekstów Starego Testamentu.

scholarly journals MENGEMBANGKAN TEOLOGI SIBER DI INDONESIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 245
Author(s):  
Sefrianus Juhani
Keyword(s):  
Communication Technology ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Logical Thinking ◽  
The People ◽  
Cyber Culture ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Way

<p><strong>Abstract:</strong> Does the internet change the way of thinking from the people and members of the Church in Indonesia? I give a “yes” answer to this question. This answer was born from the reality that digital technology is not limited as a means or instrument that helps humans to achieve a better life. More than that, the internet has become a space of life that determines and gives meaning to human existence and the existence of the Indonesian Church. The internet also creates a culture called cyber culture. If the internet breeds new logical thinking and culture, and its existence has seized the attention of members of the Catholic Church, so the internet can become locus theologicus. The existence of the internet as a locus of theology is confirmed by the Popes.<br />Seeing this reality, the Indonesian Catholic Church through the theologians need to develop a new theology, namely cyber theology. Through this cyber theology, the members of the Church find that the sophisticated communication technology reflects Christianism which is fundamentally a communicative event.</p><p><br /><strong>Keywords:</strong> Cyber theology, internet, Indonesian Church, cyber culture</p>

scholarly journals Implikasi Nilai Manusia dalam Praksis Kepemimpinan Menurut Kejadian 1:26-27

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-61
Author(s):  
Yakub Hendrawan Perangin Angin ◽  
Tri Astuti Yeniretnowati ◽  
Yonatan Alex Arifianto
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Leadership Practices ◽  
Human Values ◽  
The People ◽  
Great Leader ◽  
Genesis 1 ◽  
Book Of Genesis ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Way

The implementation of human values in leadership praxis based on the Book of Genesis 1: 26-27 is raised because of various phenomena that have occurred in which many people are treated inhumanely. The analysis was carried out by means of a literature review, by analyzing the leadership practices that occur both in general and Christian circles. The main sources of analysis are several relevant sources, including research results contained in journals and books. All of these sources were analyzed by looking at the relationship and compatibility with the title of this paper. So it can be concluded that his leadership can describe how the leader's view of humans, "whole" or partial. In another sense, whether leaders treat humans only as limited as "resources" or not, of course, will appear in the way leaders treat "anyone" around the scope of their leadership. Whether to behave and act exploitatively or not, of course, depends on the way the leadership treats "anyone" around the sphere of leadership. In the sphere of the church, the pastor as a leader in leading the church organizationally and at the same time as an organism, the people who are in the leadership line develop their understanding of it does not necessarily lie in the way they perceive humans. Our Lord Jesus, the Great Leader, has provided an extraordinary example where He who is the Lord and Savior of mankind is willing to sacrifice his life, give His life and wash the feet of His followers. This is perfect leadership, thank God that humans have a Leader profile who becomes a role model.AbstrakImplementasi nilai manusia dalam praksis kepemimpinan berdasarkan Kejadian 1:26-27 diangkat karena berbagai fenomena yang telah terjadi dimana manuasia banyak diperlakukan dengan tidak manusiawi. Analisis dilakukan dengan tinjauan pustaka, dengan menganalisis terkait prakis kepemimpinan yang terjadi baik di lingkungan umum maupun kekristenan. Adapun sumber utama dari analisis adalah beberapa sumber yang relevan, meliputi hasil penelitian yang terdapat pada jurnal dan buku. Semua sumber ini dianalisis dengan cara mencermati hubungan dan kecocokan dengan judul penulisan ini. Sehingga didapatkan kesimpulan bahwa kepemimpinannya dapat menggambarkan bagaimana  pandangan pemimpin terhadap manusia, ”utuh” atau parsial. Dengan pengertian lain, apakah pemimpin memperlakukan manusia hanya sebatas ”resources” atau tidak, tentu akan nampak dalam cara pemimpin memperlakukan ”siapa saja” disekitar lingkup kepemimpinanya. Apakah akan bersikap dan bertindak eksploitatif atau tidak, sama tentunya bergantung pada cara pemimpinan memperlakukan ”siapa saja” disekitar lingkup kepemimpinannya. Di lingkup gereja, gembala sebagai pemimpin dalam memimpin gereja secara organisatoris dan sekaligus sebagai organisme, orang-orang yang ada di lini kepemimpinan berkembang pemahamannya ataukah tidak tentunya terletak pada cara pandangnya terhadap manusia. Tuhan Yesus Sang Pemimpin Agung kita sudah memberikan keteladanan yang luar biasa dimana Ia yang adalah Tuhan dan Juru Selamat umat manusia rela untuk mengorbankan nyawanya, memberi hidup-Nya dan membasuh kaki pengikut-Nya inilah kepemimpinan yang sempurna, syukur bahwa manusia memiliki profil Pemimpin yang menjadi panutan.

Dreams and purposes: an analysis of dream narratives in an independent African Church

Africa ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Charsley
Keyword(s):  
Apparent Location ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Previous Account ◽  
Dream Narratives ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Opening Paragraph ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Way

Opening ParagraphSampling provided the rationale of my previous account of ‘Dreams in an Independent African Church’ (1973). I took a set of ninety-five dream reports, and a handful of visions, as individual events which could be summed and categorised in a variety of ways. I had been able to garner these over a period of five months' study, from the services of this ‘Independent African Church’ (IAC). Beyond considering in general terms the part played by dream-telling and its accompaniments in the services of the Church and in its life more generally, in that article I worked out patterns, categorising the individual dreams in relation to their tellers, to the way they might implicate other named people, to whether they depicted IAC activities, to their apparent location, and so on. I sought to explain the patterns in terms of leadership and its interests, and of the idea that dream-telling was a kind of ‘bidding’, ‘to contribute valuably to the life of the group, and through this for status within it’ (op. cit.: 256). This article moves on from that analysis.

scholarly journals Vernuwing in gemeenskapsbelewing binne die Gereformeerde Kerke in Suid-Afrika

1996 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Vorster
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Western Culture ◽  
Societal Factors ◽  
Simultaneous Process ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Way

Experiencing true koinonia is one of the major problems of the church today. This problem is a remnant of the modernist period in Western culture with its emphasis on rationalism. Because of the simultaneous process of urbanisation with its subculture of individualism, privatisation and alienation, modern man is not capable forming firm and lasting spiritual relations. The modern generation is a "me-generation" with the emphasis on the rights of the individual. This article explores the way in which Reformed ministry in South Africa can be renewed to address the quest for community in a post-modern environment. Attention is paid to societal factors preventing the experience of true koinonia in the contemporary church. Various proposals aimed at enhancing the true experience of koinonia are suggested - practical suggestions concerning everyday ministry and the role of the believer.

scholarly journals Die vraag na die noodsaaklikheid van 'n eietydse belydenis: Nuwe Testamenties en hermeneuties beoordeel

1999 ◽  
Vol 55 (2/3) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M.M. Pelser
Keyword(s):  
New Testament ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Biblical Text ◽  
Life Situation ◽  
Community Of Faith ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Way

The question regarding the need for a contemporary creed: Argued from a New Testament and hermeneutieal perspective. As indicated in the title of this study, what is in essence at issue here is the quesion as to whether there is a need for a creed to be contemporaneous with the day and age the church finds itself in. It is argued that to produce a creed in accordance with current hermeneutieal insights is much more difficult than the way in which the existing creeds were created. It is therefore further argued that, for a creed to junction as it ought to, it should in the first place be the result of an interpretation of the Biblical text(s) on the basis of current hermeneutieal theory and practice, and in the second place be a means for expressing one's faith in a meaningful way in every life situation or faith experience. To this end a creed should be contemporaneous with each and every situation encountered by the individual believer or community of faith.

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