PROBLEMS OF CLASSIFICATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE OBJECTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-168
Author(s):  
SVETLANA IVANOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Cultural Property ◽  
Cultural Inheritance ◽  
Federal Laws ◽  
Cultural Heritage Objects ◽  
Cultural Monuments

The purpose of the research work is to analyze the norms of Federal laws, as well as the laws of the Russian Federation's constituent entities, devoted to the definitions and classification of the concepts “cultural heritage”, “historical and cultural monuments”, “cultural values”. Conclusions obtained in the course of the research: based on the study of current legislation, it is concluded that the definitions of “cultural values”, “cultural property”, “objects of cultural inheritance” contained in various normative legal acts differ in content. Based on the research, the author proposes the concept of “cultural values”.

Digitalization of customs control of cultural properties in international trad

2021 ◽  
pp. 363-375
Author(s):  
Kristina Aleksandrovna Voishcheva ◽  
Aleksei Valerievich Bondarenko ◽  
Larisa Sergeevna Pritchina ◽  
Valentin Yur’evich Vakhrushev
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Cultural Property ◽  
Art Business ◽  
Art Objects ◽  
Arms Trade ◽  
Cultural Heritage Objects ◽  
Customs Administration

The development of international trade and the growing influence of visual images on the consciousness of modern society have led to a steadily growing demand for art objects. However, the art market is a gold mine for professional thieves. Every month, more than a thousand works of art are stolen in the world. The criminal art business ranks third after drug trafficking and the arms trade. The level of detection of crimes related to the theft of art objects is still negligibly low (only 1.5 % of court cases end in favor of the owners), the amount of money is colossal (according to general estimates, the global value of stolen works is 3.7 billion pounds), and the interest of the internal authorities of different countries in training specialized search personnel is scanty. The relevance of the presented topic lies in the fact that the globalization of international trade in cultural values and the high corruption component require improving customs administration and improving the quality of customs activities. Today, innovative technologies are able to automate the process of control over cultural values, speed up and simplify the process of interaction between foreign trade participants and customs authorities, as well as ensure complete safety of transportation of cultural heritage objects. Objective: to develop proposals for improving customs control over the movement of cultural property, in particular, by creating an information interdepartmental system for monitoring the movement of cultural property using blockchain technologies and the Internet of Things, which can provide greater transparency in the movement of art objects. Object of research: ensuring customs control over the movement of cultural heritage objects. Subject of research: cutting-edge technologies as a means of improving the effectiveness of customs control over the movement of cultural property.

scholarly journals Problems of distinction of articles 243 and 2434 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-103
Author(s):  
Nikolay Seliverstov
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Controversial Issues ◽  
State Register ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Cultural Heritage Objects ◽  
Cultural Monuments

The article is devoted to the study of such elements of crimes as Article 243 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation destruction or damage of cultural heritage objects (historical and cultural monuments) of the peoples of the Russian Federation included in the unified State register of cultural heritage objects (historical and cultural monuments) of the peoples of the Russian Federation, identified cultural heritage objects, natural complexes, objects taken under state protection, or cultural values) (hereinafter Article 243 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation) and art. The article 243.4 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation destruction or damage of military graves, as well as monuments, steles, obelisks, other memorial structures or objects that perpetuate the memory of those who died in the defense of the Fatherland or its interests or dedicated to the days of military glory of Russia (hereinafter Article 243.4 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation). As an article 243.4 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation is a novel in the criminal law of Russia, it was necessary to compare it with other related crimes in order to study possible problems and controversial questions of qualification. The article provides a comparative analysis of crimes against public morality provided for in Articles 243 and 243.4 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The article examines their similarities and differences in such parameters of a socially dangerous act as: subject, object, subjective part and objective pa of the crime, as well as responsibility for the crime committed. The controversial issues of qualification of related crimes are studied and possible ways of their solution are given.

Interpretation of Material Cultural Heritage in the Context of Museum

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3-2) ◽  
pp. 337-351
Author(s):  
Sergey Pilyak ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Main Method ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Cultural Heritage Objects ◽  
Creative Understanding ◽  
Cultural Heritage Preservation

Interpretation of cultural values and cultural heritage is one of the most common types of their development and creative understanding. However, the concept of ‘interpretation’ remains blurred among related processes, usually without getting much mention. In the field of cultural heritage preservation, interpretation is the main method of human development of cultural heritage objects. The process and results of interpretation, as shown by the long history of preservation of cultural heritage, also affect the preservation of cultural heritage. The proposed material is devoted to the consideration of a museum as an example of one of the most consistent built spaces and tools for the interpretation of cultural heritage. The subject of the research is the methods of museum work considered in the context of mechanisms of interpretation of material cultural heritage. Museum as an instrument of interpretation has been known since ancient times. Human interest in ancient artifacts that act as visible symbols of historical and cultural memory of the past, eventually led to the development of collecting, and then, with the publication of collections, to the emergence of museums. Museum and its activities occupy a special place in the methodology of interpretation. The museum space can set its own special rhythm of historical time and create conditions for comfortable perception of the presented artifacts. No other cultural institution has such a task, and if it is necessary to present an artifact, interested persons in one way or another turn to the method tested on museum sites. As a result of the research, the author identified five stages of museum activities, which are generally typical for the mechanism of interpretation of cultural heritage. Therefore, the main goal of museum activities should be recognized as an interpretation of cultural heritage. In accordance with this goal, the museum's tasks are also implemented, including the preservation, publication and promotion of the collection's artifacts. Thus, the role and place of the museum as a specific space created for the purpose of interpreting cultural heritage is proved. These provisions allow us to look at the theory and practice of museum activities in a different way, in the context of interpreting cultural identity.

scholarly journals Directions for preservation and popularization of cultural heritage objects of Crimea peninsula

2020 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 05021
Author(s):  
Victoriia Zhivitsa ◽  
Victoriia Sidorova ◽  
Dmitry Mosyakin
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Protection Zones ◽  
Youth Centers ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Cultural Heritage Objects ◽  
Cultural Monuments ◽  
Crimea Peninsula

“Everyone is obliged to take care of the preservation of historical and cultural heritage, to preserve historical and cultural monuments” (Article 44 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation). The study is aimed at considering the most promising methods of safekeeping, maintenance, popularization and museum presentation of cultural heritage. When working on the study, the methods of theoretical analysis and synthesis and the analogy method were used. The authors have identified and analyzed applied areas of safekeeping, maintenance, popularization and modern use of cultural heritage objects, namely: monuments of archeology, architecture and urban planning. Various techniques for inclusion of such objects in the modern socio-cultural and architectural-urban context were analysed. Criteria are selected for choosing monuments of architecture, urban planning and archeology for museification, as well as for their introduction into the tourist and recreational infrastructure of the region. Also the scenario of attracting the population, in particular youth, to the problem of preservation of cultural heritage objects is considered. The authors propose improvement of territory and construction of modular youth centers, and organization of cultural and entertainment events (festivals, exhibitions, historical quests, thematic fairs, performances) near or in the territory of the monument protection zones.

scholarly journals Preserving and documenting the Cultural Heritage

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deniz Özkut
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cultural Property ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
Implementation Phase ◽  
Emotional Context ◽  
Physical Context ◽  
Effective System ◽  
Definition Of

The phenomenon of preservation may be described as a physical process that depends onconceptual facts. When observed from a conceptual point of view, ‘values’ cause the divergencesin the preservation process, which could be named as the pre-requisites of the construction.Values carry emotional and physical points of view. The emotional context, of course, dependson recognizing and remembering while physical context depends on direction of research. They are indicators of cultural characteristics and historical identity. ‘Cultural values’1, more over, explains the meanings attributed to the cultural property, which meanings will be preserved, and the reasons for their preservation. On behalf of this context, the preservation process may be defined as the preservation of the cultural heritage within an effective system. This effective system isaimed at attaining the total quality as a result of a synthesis of the technology, technique, and material originally deployed with those of the present. Besides, one of the most important inputin the preservation process is the priorities of the intervention to be held, as the latter will determine the decisions and types of intervention during the implementation phase of the preservation project. As a significant paradox, the most important parameter that shapes both a preservationproject and its process appears to be the risks that consist of indefinite input preventing theproject from a proper definition of its context. Since all physical problems and the social statusof the cultural property to be preserved have direct impact upon the design process of thepreservation project, these priorities and the risks should be clarified in the course of pre-assessment phase at the beginning of the preservation process.

scholarly journals The specifics of establishing special conditions for the use of territories adjacent to cultural heritage objects

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
K. V. Tihonova ◽  
◽  
A. O. Kalinichenko ◽  
E. O. Kalinichenko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Legislative Framework ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Cultural Heritage Objects ◽  
Protection Of Cultural Heritage

The procedural mechanism for establishing zones with special conditions for the use of the territory ( ZOUIT), one of the types of which are zones for the protection of cultural heritage objects (OCN), is a complex system that is characterized by both positive and negative aspects that require detailed study, which explains the relevance of this problem. The article deals with the main theoretical aspects of the establishment of security zones. The legally established concepts of the relevant sphere, as well as the regulated classification of the zones under consideration, are given. The multi-purpose nature of the establish-ment of such zones is noted, the main goals of their formation are highlighted. The key problems of legal regulation of relations related to the establishment of the zones under consideration and the definition of their borders are analyzed. In addition, innovations related to the relevant legislative framework are disclosed, and their effectiveness is evaluated.

scholarly journals International legal foundations of responsibility for international crimes against cultural heritage in conditions of armed conflicts

Legal Ukraine ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Bazov
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
International Community ◽  
Criminal Court ◽  
Cultural Property ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
International Crimes ◽  
The Hague

The article is devoted to the analysis of issues of international legal provision of responsibility for international crimes in the field of protection of cultural values. The main international legal acts and case law in this area are analyzed. Proposals for improving international and domestic legal acts are provided. According to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the ideal of a free human person free from fear and need can only be realized if conditions are created in which everyone can enjoy their economic, social, cultural and political rights. Understanding the systemic nature of these rights implies the creation of appropriate conditions for their implementation at both national and international levels, including in the field of judicial protection. As the realization of economic, social, political and cultural rights is complex, systemic, the issues of preservation and protection of cultural values have recently become especially important, as it applies not only to the state in which they are located, but also to all peoples of the world. Thus, the preservation and protection of cultural heritage sites, especially in armed conflicts, is a matter not only of an individual state, but of the entire international community. As you know, issues of protection of cultural values are constantly in the field of view of the international community. In particular, these issues were reflected in the Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907, especially in the Hague Regulations of 1907. The most important international legal act on the preservation and treatment of cultural heritage sites in armed conflict is the Hague Convention of 14 May 1954 on the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict and its Additional Protocols of 1954 and 1999, respectively, which is perceived as a universally recognized universal set of norms in the field of protection of cultural values. Key words: international criminal court, cultural values, cultural heritage, international crimes.

scholarly journals Problems of restitution and preservation of historical and cultural values

2013 ◽  
pp. 124-127
Author(s):  
Anatolii M. Kolodnyi
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Religious Studies ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
Cultural Environment ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Cultural Heritage Objects ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The Department of Religious Studies of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine is among the institutions of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, which must develop proposals aimed at preservation, reproduction and protection of the historical and cultural environment in Kyiv, in particular, measures to promote the preservation of cultural heritage objects, including and those who are in the possession or use of religious communities.

scholarly journals Activities of Local Historians on Conservation Historical and Cultural Heritage of the Kursk Province during the Civil War

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-388
Author(s):  
Kirill A. Listopad
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Local History ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Heritage ◽  
Soviet Russia ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Cultural Heritage Objects

Introduction. The local history movement, which was formed on a voluntary basis in the Russian Empire, was placed in difficult conditions during the Civil War: a fratricidal war, which did not spare human lives, also destroyed the country’s historical and cultural values. This served as an impetus for the activation of the activity of local historians in the center, and especially in the localities. In the center are active figures of local lore S. F. Oldenburg and V. P. Semenov-Tian-Shansky called on the intelligentsia to make efforts to preserve cultural values maximumly; the All-Russian Collegium for Museums and the Preservation of Antiquities was created as part of the People’s Commissariat of the RSFSR, which included, inter alia, the famous artists I. E. Grabar, A. V. Grishchenko, K. S. Malevich. In the provinces, local historians united into the Academic Archival Commissions. They fought against the robbery of noble estates, collected and preserved cultural and historical values, and organized educational conversations. Methods. The solution of the research problems was provided by a set of interconnected theoretical (analysis of scientific literature, comparative analysis, comparison, generalization, systematization) and empirical (study and generalization of sources, hermeneutic) methods. Results. The local history movement in the Soviet Russia was placed under the control of the state authorities. During the Civil War local historians performed the function of preserving the cultural and historical heritage, organized another area of work – the history of studying the activities of the Bolshevik party on the fieldwork. Conclusion. The dedicated work of members of local history organizations in extreme conditions helped to save many cultural heritage objects from destruction: in the Kursk province, for example, the noble estates of the Nelidovs, Baryatinsky, Yusupovs and others. They managed to maintain the personnel of the organizations. Their budget even existed, which indicates a high organization of their work.

scholarly journals Technological and Legal Aspect in Digitalization of Movable Cultural Assets. Copyright and Intellectual Property Rights

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-45
Author(s):  
Kalina Sotirova-Valkova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
Legal Aspect ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Technological Aspect ◽  
Cultural Assets ◽  
Cultural Heritage Objects

The article presents the cycle of digitization of cultural heritage objects (movable cultural values stored in museums and galleries) with its three main stages: preparation, conversion and access. The focus is on the technological aspect, the preparation of the museum team and the standards used. In parallel, the legal framework of digitization is viewed as a serious, nationally specific and rarely presented topic related to copyright and intellectual property over the original and its digital derivative Keywords: digitization, cultural heritage, authorship and copyright, intellectual property rights, standards

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