The effect of some chemicals and Bio factors in the growth and sporulation of   Curvularia lunata using culture media

Bacillus megaterium is a beneficial bacterium that is used as a biological control agent (BCA) against the fungi Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium sacchari and Curvularia lunata, which attack rice plants. However, the cost of preparing the bacterium using standard nutrient broth is prohibitively expensive on a large scale. Therefore, a low-cost product (seasoning cube, a common ingredient for cooking) was examined as an alternative nutrient medium. Bacillus megaterium was cultured in either nutrient broth or in dissolved seasoning cube. These cultures were evaluated for their effect on the growth of rice seedlings in the laboratory and to suppress grain discoloration of rice in small-scale field trials. Bacillus megaterium cultured with a seasoning cube was as effective as standard nutrient broth for the growth of rice seedlings in the laboratory. It also suppressed grain discoloration disease of rice in small-scale field trials. Use of a seasoning cube is suitable for culturing B. megaterium and should be recommended to farmers.

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Molecular characterization and vegetative growth of pathogenic seed-borne fungus, Curvularia lunata of tomato and its in vitro control measures

International Journal of Agricultural Research Innovation and Technology ◽

10.3329/ijarit.v11i2.57265 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 124-132

Author(s):

MB Billah ◽

MM Sikder ◽

MRI Mallik ◽

MK Hossain ◽

N Alam

Keyword(s):

Vegetative Growth ◽

Mycelial Growth ◽

Culture Media ◽

Pathogenic Fungus ◽

Molecular Techniques ◽

Control Measures ◽

Curvularia Lunata ◽

Its Sequencing ◽

Fungal Culture

Present studies were conducted to isolate and identify the seed-borne pathogenic fungus from the selected tomato variety through morphological and molecular techniques based on the sequencing of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of 18S rDNA. According to the colony and conidial features, the fungus was identified as Curvularia sp. The obtained ITS sequencing showed above 99% similarity with Curvularia lunata in the NCBI database. The sequence of the fungus was deposited in NCBI GenBank under the accession number: ITS, MH382879.1. Besides, the phylogenetic tree further confirmed the taxonomic position of the studied fungus. Growth characteristics of the fungus on nine different fungal culture media were evaluated, in which Honey peptone agar, Carrot agar, Potato sucrose agar, and Kauffman’s agar were found the most suitable. The maximum vegetative growth of the fungus was recorded at 30°C temperature and pH conditions. The bio-control potential of five different antagonists against the studied fungus was assessed, in which Trichoderma harzianum showed the better performance to restrict mycelial growth. Three ethanolic plant extracts were also evaluated, in which Lowsonia inermis L. exhibited above 60% mycelial growth inhibition of the fungus. Among three tested fungicides, Tilt 250 EC was found as an excellent fungicide to inhibit mycelial growth of C. lunata under in vitro conditions. Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 11(2): 124-132, Dec 2021

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High-pressure freezing of cells in suspension for low-voltage scanning electron microscopy (LVSEM)

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100084624 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 49 ◽

pp. 64-65

Author(s):

Marek Malecki ◽

James Pawley ◽

Hans Ris

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

High Pressure ◽

Low Voltage ◽

Culture Media ◽

Cell Structure ◽

Freeze Substitution ◽

Ice Crystal ◽

High Pressure Freezing ◽

Cell Culture Media ◽

Voltage Scanning

The ultrastructure of cells suspended in physiological fluids or cell culture media can only be studied if the living processes are stopped while the cells remain in suspension. Attachment of living cells to carrier surfaces to facilitate further processing for electron microscopy produces a rapid reorganization of cell structure eradicating most traces of the structures present when the cells were in suspension. The structure of cells in suspension can be immobilized by either chemical fixation or, much faster, by rapid freezing (cryo-immobilization). The fixation speed is particularly important in studies of cell surface reorganization over time. High pressure freezing provides conditions where specimens up to 500μm thick can be frozen in milliseconds without ice crystal damage. This volume is sufficient for cells to remain in suspension until frozen. However, special procedures are needed to assure that the unattached cells are not lost during subsequent processing for LVSEM or HVEM using freeze-substitution or freeze drying. We recently developed such a procedure.

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Kalinin: A new epithelial basement membrane adhesion molecule

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100085198 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 49 ◽

pp. 178-179

Author(s):

Douglas R. Keene ◽

Gregory P. Lunstrum ◽

Patricia Rousselle ◽

Robert E. Burgeson

Keyword(s):

Basement Membrane ◽

Culture Media ◽

Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Human Keratinocytes ◽

Positive Staining ◽

Human Amnion ◽

Epithelial Basement Membrane ◽

Type Vii Collagen ◽

Keratinocyte Cell ◽

Epithelial Basement

A mouse monoclonal antibody produced from collagenase digests of human amnion was used by LM and TEM to study the distribution and ultrastructural features of an antigen present in epithelial tissues and in cultured human keratinocytes, and by immunoaffinity chromatography to partially purify the antigen from keratinocyte cell culture media.By immunofluorescence microscopy, the antigen displays a tissue distribution similar to type VII collagen; positive staining of the epithelial basement membrane is seen in skin, oral mucosa, trachea, esophagus, cornea, amnion and lung. Images from rotary shadowed preparations isolated by affinity chromatography demonstrate a population of rod-like molecules 107 nm in length, having pronounced globular domains at each end. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis suggests that the size of this molecule is approximately 440kDa, and that it is composed of three nonidentical chains disulfide bonded together.

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Structural integrity after cold storage of human epidermal model in hypothermosol: A correlative ultrastructural and fluorescent assay

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100169080 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 52 ◽

pp. 270-271

Author(s):

Henry H. Eichelberger ◽

John G. Baust ◽

Robert G. Van Buskirk

Keyword(s):

Cold Storage ◽

Structural Integrity ◽

Culture Media ◽

Cell Structure ◽

Natural State ◽

Sodium Cacodylate ◽

Ruthenium Tetroxide ◽

Cacodylate Buffer ◽

Before And After

For research in cell differentiation and in vitro toxicology it is essential to provide a natural state of cell structure as a benchmark for interpreting results. Hypothermosol (Cryomedical Sciences, Rockville, MD) has proven useful in insuring the viability of synthetic human epidermis during cold-storage and in maintaining the epidermis’ ability to continue to differentiate following warming.Human epidermal equivalent, EpiDerm (MatTek Corporation, Ashland, MA) consisting of fully differentiated stratified human epidermal cells were grown on a microporous membrane. EpiDerm samples were fixed before and after cold-storage (4°C) for 5 days in Hypothermosol or skin culture media (MatTek Corporation) and allowed to recover for 7 days at 37°C. EpiDerm samples were fixed 1 hour in 2.5% glutaraldehyde in sodium cacodylate buffer (pH 7.2). A secondary fixation with 0.2% ruthenium tetroxide (Polysciences, Inc., Warrington, PA) in sodium cacodylate was carried out for 3 hours at 4°C. Other samples were similarly fixed, but with 1% Osmium tetroxide in place of ruthenium tetroxide. Samples were dehydrated through a graded acetone series, infiltrated with Spurrs resin (Polysciences Inc.) and polymerized at 70°C.

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Preparation and control of culture media

Cowan and Steel's Manual for the Identification of Medical Bacteria ◽

10.1017/cbo9780511527104.018 ◽

1993 ◽

pp. 188-213 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Keyword(s):

Culture Media ◽

And Control

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Inhibition of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Secretion by Select Antioxidants in Human Coronary Artery Endothelial Cells

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000520 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 90 (1-2) ◽

pp. 103-112 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Michael J. Haas ◽

Marilu Jurado-Flores ◽

Ramadan Hammoud ◽

Victoria Feng ◽

Krista Gonzales ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Endothelial Cells ◽

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Inflammatory Cytokines ◽

Inflammatory Cytokine ◽

Culture Media ◽

Cytokine Secretion ◽

Human Coronary Artery ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Abstract. Inflammatory and oxidative stress in endothelial cells are implicated in the pathogenesis of premature atherosclerosis in diabetes. To determine whether high-dextrose concentrations induce the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAEC) were exposed to either 5.5 or 27.5 mM dextrose for 24-hours and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF α) levels were measured by enzyme immunoassays. To determine the effect of antioxidants on inflammatory cytokine secretion, cells were also treated with α-tocopherol, ascorbic acid, and the glutathione peroxidase mimetic ebselen. Only the concentration of IL-1β in culture media from cells exposed to 27.5 mM dextrose increased relative to cells maintained in 5.5 mM dextrose. Treatment with α-tocopherol (10, 100, and 1,000 μM) and ascorbic acid (15, 150, and 1,500 μM) at the same time that the dextrose was added reduced IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 levels in culture media from cells maintained at 5.5 mM dextrose but had no effect on IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 levels in cells exposed to 27.5 mM dextrose. However, ebselen treatment reduced IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 levels in cells maintained in either 5.5 or 27.5 mM dextrose. IL-2 and TNF α concentrations in culture media were below the limit of detection under all experimental conditions studied suggesting that these cells may not synthesize detectable quantities of these cytokines. These results suggest that dextrose at certain concentrations may increase IL-1β levels and that antioxidants have differential effects on suppressing the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines in HCAEC.

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