scholarly journals CONDUCTING GEODETIC PRACTICAL EXERCISES IN THE CONDITIONS OF DISTANCE LEARNING

2021 ◽  
pp. 146-152
Author(s):  
Anton V. Nikonov
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Educational Practice ◽  
Computer Programs ◽  
Topographic Maps

The article discusses the features of conducting practical geodetic, where topographic maps, computer programs for processing spatial information and geodetic devices are studied in a distant form. The experience of conducting educational practice distantly is described. It is noted that the use of distance learning forms is justified during pandemic and is more suitable for conducting refresher courses.

scholarly journals Transformation of the landscape of pre-industrial space in the multimedia depiction

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Dariusz Lorek
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Topographic Maps ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Industrial Landscape ◽  
Level Of Economic Development ◽  
Landscape Types ◽  
The Town

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The issue touched upon in the research is connected with the interdisciplinary attitude towards the study of the constantly changing landscape in the nineteenth century Central Europe. Such interdisciplinarity results from the combination of the historical approach with the geographical attitude towards the examination of the past presented by unique cartographic materials.</p><p>The aim of the research was to work out the method of employing cartographic sources and adapting other sources of spatial information for the study and presentation of the landscape transformations in the nineteenth century that occurred as a result of the industrialization process in Europe.</p><p>Prussian manuscript topographic maps at 1&amp;thinsp;:&amp;thinsp;25&amp;thinsp;000 scale along with early nineteenth-century maps depicting the pre-industrial landscape constitute a significant cartographic source of knowledge. Apart from city plans and other maps, also space descriptions, preserved statistical data, documents, inventories and archives were utilized as sources of spatial information. Photographs, postcards and prints depicting the nineteenth-century landscape were another relevant source of information. Moreover, the data collected during field work, e.g. pictures and short videos made in selected research areas, were also highly useful. The research was conducted, for example, in towns of Greater Poland of different level of economic development. A few types of settlement units were selected, i.e. the village, the town with a mansion (palace), the ‘Olęder’ settlement and the town.</p><p>On the basis of maps and archives collected for the research area the multimedia method of presentation of landscape types and their transformations, with the employment of geoinformation tools, was suggested. That methodology of multimedia integration of historical materials allowed one to demonstrate consecutive stages of the transformation characteristic of the nineteenth-century landscape.</p><p>As a result, it became possible to define landscape types for the areas of different level of transformation and preserve the pre-industrial state. Short videos consisting of several sequences that demonstrated the changing form of specific topographic objects, elements of the landscape from the nineteenth century till this day, were the effect of the work. On the basis of the nineteenth-century topographic maps that employed the hatching method for the demonstration of the relief the models of the terrain were generated, which allowed one to create the transition from the parallel perspective to the bird’s eye view that was employed to depict the pre-industrial landscape.</p>

scholarly journals Grid overlays reduce bias in mental representations of topographic maps

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Lars Kuchinke ◽  
Julian Keil ◽  
Dennis Edler ◽  
Anne-Kathrin Bestgen ◽  
Frank Dickmann
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Information ◽  
Mental Representations ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Topographic Maps ◽  
Object Location Memory ◽  
Object Locations ◽  
Gaze Patterns ◽  
Map Design ◽  
Cognitive Principles ◽  
Hexagonal Grids

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Reading spatial information from topographic maps to form mental representations that guide spatial orientation and navigation is a rather complex cognitive process. Perceptual and knowledge-driven processes interact to support the map reader in building these mental representations. The resulting cognitive maps are not one-to-one mappings of the spatial information and known to be distorted systematically. It is assumed that spatial information is hierarchically organized in these mental models. We are interested in how map design based on cognitive principles supports memory formation and leads to less distorted mental representations.</p><p>Based on the results of empirical studies we are able to show that overlaid grids in these maps address the hierarchical nature of these mental representations of map space. When map users are asked to learn object locations in a map the availability of overlaid grid layers improve object location memory. This effect is independent of the shape of these grid patterns (square grids or hexagonal grids) and, moreover, can be shown to be effective even in situations where the grids are interrupted by other maps layers (i.e. so-called illusory grids).</p><p>These results seem best explained by the formation of less distorted mental representations based on the availability of superordinate hierarchical information and the application of Gestalt principles by the map user. Thus again, point to the interaction between perceptual and knowledge-driven processes in the formation of these mental representations of map space. This assumption receives further support by eye-tracking data that reveal that grids do not only attract attention towards their own location but also seem to structure the gaze patterns in relation to the relevant object locations that are not necessarily located close to a grid line.</p>

scholarly journals THE DEVELOPMENT OF TOPOGRAPHIC MAPPING OF UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
pp. 74-78
Author(s):  
R. Sossa
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Information ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Geospatial Data ◽  
Topographic Maps ◽  
Topographic Mapping ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Ussr Council ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Military

The basic principles and current state of topographic mapping of the territory of Ukraine are considered. Prior to the proclamation of Ukraine's independence, its territory was covered by topographic maps in the scale of 1:10 000 to 1: 1 000 000, created by the Main Department of Geodesy and Cartography under the USSR Council of Ministers and the Military Topographic Service of the USSR Armed Forces. The interaction of these departments in topographic mapping is highlighted. The topographic study of Ukrainian territory as of 1991 is analyzed in detail. Today the content of most topographic maps of scales from 1:10 000 to 1: 200 000 is characterized by "aging" of information and does not correspond to the current state of the area. The unsatisfactory state of topographic study of the territory led to the unclaimed topographic maps with much outdated information for consumers, and for the military it very difficult to perform combat tasks. The needs of current topographic information users require a significant improvement in topographic maps content. Since the mid-1990s, the creation of national geospatial data infrastructures has become crucial for providing spatial information to the state and society. The basic principles and general requirements for the creation and updating of state topographic maps are now defined by the "Procedure for national topographic and thematic mapping" (2013). The adoption of the Law of Ukraine "On the National Infrastructure of Geospatial Data", giving a powerful impetus to topographic mapping, poses a responsible task of organizational and regulatory and technical support of this process. The issue of obtaining topographic maps from the topographic database requires scientific and technical elaboration, development of appropriate normative and technical documents (guides, principles, instructions, symbols, etc.).

scholarly journals Line separation from topographic maps using regional color and spatial information

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengfei Xu ◽  
Qiguang Miao ◽  
Tiange Liu ◽  
Xiaojiang Chen ◽  
Dingyi Fang
Keyword(s):  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Line Element ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Spatial Relations ◽  
Topographic Maps ◽  
Gaussian Kernel ◽  
Color Information ◽  
Line Separation

The lines in topographic maps are difficult to be separated from each other because of their confusing colors. To solve this problem, we propose a novel line separation method using their regional color and spatial information. Firstly, we divide the lines into lots of circular regions with a certain diameter, and consider these regions as the basic processing units. Then based on a new concept of regional color confusion, we classify all the divided circular regions into two kinds of regions by whether the color is pure or mixed. Further, for pure color regions, a fuzzy clustering algorithm with Gaussian kernel can be used to cluster them into different lines based on their color information. Meanwhile, we determine the memberships of the mixed color regions according to their spatial relations with the clustered pure color regions. The concept of regional color confusion is proposed to reduce the influences of the confusing colors to line separation, and the spatial relations are utilized to solve the problems of the membership determination of the mixed color regions. The experimental results demonstrate that our method can achieve higher accuracy compare with other two state-of-the-art methods, which provides a novel idea for line element segmentation from scanned topographic maps.

scholarly journals THE DIGITALIZATION OF THE LEARNING PROCESS IN SERBIA DURING THE COVID-19 CRISIS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Branislav Ranđelović ◽  
◽  
Elizabeta Karalić ◽  
Danijela Đukić ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Distance Learning ◽  
Educational System ◽  
Educational Practice ◽  
Learning Activities ◽  
Public Television ◽  
State Of Emergency ◽  
Teaching Process ◽  
Television Service ◽  
The Subject

The COVID-19 crisis significantly disturbed the teaching process in Serbia. The subject of this research is the reaction and response of Serbian educational system during this crisis. The aim of this paper is the analysis of modifications of the teaching process and distance learning activities in primary and secondary schools, and teaching using the national public television service. The use of the method of content analysis, legal acts in the field of education adopted during the state of emergency in Serbia, decisions and instructions for the implementation of teaching, the manner of implementation of teaching, as well as the results of research on distance learning were investigated. Measures and activities for improving the digital alternative for future educational practice are proposed.

Open and Distance Learning: An Unavoidable Pillar in the Building of a Knowledge Society

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (1 & 2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Perienen Appavoo
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Knowledge Society ◽  
Educational Practice ◽  
Traditional Classrooms ◽  
Future Thinking ◽  
Learning Paradigm ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Open And Distance Learning ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Thinking Tools

Knowledge societies can only be built when the education pillar is strong enough to support them. Open and distance learning (ODL) is revolutionising the ways learning takes place and emancipating educational practice from the confined walls of traditional classrooms to make learning accessible to anyone, anywhere and at any time. The pervasiveness of technology and the much acclaimed pedagogical worth it carries will undoubtedly shape the ODL learning paradigm in unprecedented ways. This research paper has looked into some key aspects of ODL in Mauritius and assessed its role as a vital pillar in the creation of a knowledge society. Using future thinking tools, a Futures Wheel was developed to portray the different trends and signals that will define the future of ODL in Mauritius. The findings of this paper show that Mauritius can offer high quality courses at affordable costs by maximising the tenets of technology.

scholarly journals EXTRACTION OF BUILDING BOUNDARY LINES FROM AIRBORNE LIDAR POINT CLOUDS

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B3 ◽  
pp. 957-962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Hsing Tseng ◽  
Hsiao-Chu Hung
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Information ◽  
Tall Buildings ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Airborne Lidar ◽  
Topographic Maps ◽  
Lidar Data ◽  
Boundary Line ◽  
Boundary Points ◽  
Line Features ◽  
Boundary Lines

Building boundary lines are important spatial features that characterize the topographic maps and three-dimensional (3D) city models. Airborne LiDAR Point clouds provide adequate 3D spatial information for building boundary mapping. However, information of boundary features contained in point clouds is implicit. This study focuses on developing an automatic algorithm of building boundary line extraction from airborne LiDAR data. In an airborne LiDAR dataset, top surfaces of buildings, such as roofs, tend to have densely distributed points, but vertical surfaces, such as walls, usually have sparsely distributed points or even no points. The intersection lines of roof and wall planes are, therefore, not clearly defined in point clouds. This paper proposes a novel method to extract those boundary lines of building edges. The extracted line features can be used as fundamental data to generate topographic maps of 3D city model for an urban area. The proposed method includes two major process steps. The first step is to extract building boundary points from point clouds. Then the second step is followed to form building boundary line features based on the extracted boundary points. In this step, a line fitting algorithm is developed to improve the edge extraction from LiDAR data. Eight test objects, including 4 simple low buildings and 4 complicated tall buildings, were selected from the buildings in NCKU campus. The test results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method in extracting complicate building boundary lines. Some results which are not as good as expected suggest the need of further improvement of the method.

scholarly journals Automatic tactile thematic map generation: research agenda and possible solutions

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Jakub Wabiński ◽  
Albina Mościcka
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Topographic Maps ◽  
Automatic Production ◽  
Blind And Visually Impaired ◽  
Map Generation ◽  
Tactile Maps ◽  
Sense Of Touch

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> A lot has been done regarding automatic generation of topographic maps within National Mapping Agencies (NMAs) and there are examples of successful implementations of such projects. The main issue related to automatic map production is cartographic generalization. It is mainly used for transforming the original spatial dataset into maps of smaller scale. Everyone, who has ever worked on map generalization knows, how laborious and time-consuming this process is. This is why a lot of effort is being put to automate it. Automatic map production is very difficult but it gets even more complicated if we consider automatic production of tactile maps – maps that are being read with sense of touch and, to a limited extent, also with eyes.</p><p>In an average, a man without visual impairment is capable of distinguishing two points as separate if they are, according to different sources, 0.2&amp;ndash;0.3 millimetres apart from each other. If one would like to achieve the same but using sense of touch, a distance of 2.4&amp;ndash;3.0 millimetres is necessary. This is enough to show how intense the generalization process has to be while transforming scales of tactile maps. It also brings up a question: ‘What are the algorithms and solutions for tactile spatial data generalization and to what extent can this process be automated?’. The answer to this question is the main point of the research presented here.</p><p>During the presentation, the results of a systematic literature review on this topic basing on the primary studies from the last decade, will be presented. Automatic map generation is nothing new but this field of research lacks a systematic review, which would summarize existing literature. This review, although about automatic map generation in general, focuses on tactile maps. Therefore, the answers to the following questions will be presented:</p><ol><li>What are the generalization methods and models for automatic (tactile) map generation?</li><li>What are the existing systems and solutions allowing automatic (tactile) map generation?</li><li>How to properly design spatial database for automatic map generation?</li></ol><p>Presented research will form a significant part of Jakub Wabiński PhD dissertation, which main goal is to create a methodology that would allow blind users to create on-demand thematic maps with different level of detail and scales, out of publicly available spatial data. Due to the fact that in European Union there is the INSPIRE Directive (Infrastructure for Spatial Information in the European Community), which requires member countries to provide their citizens with current spatial data, but also aims to define common standards of describing and sharing spatial data &amp;ndash; it is possible to create universal methodology for the whole European Union. The problem is that these data have to be first adapted for use by blind and visually impaired people.</p><p>There is high demand on tactile maps and atlases but unfortunately their production is very expensive. Not all the schools for blind and visually impaired can afford to buy them (not to mention individual people). Traditional tactile maps production methods, such as ‘thermoforming’, are cost effective only in the case of production in a large scale. Pretty often individual map sheets are required to present a certain phenomenon. Fortunately, there are cheap and efficient alternatives &amp;ndash; namely 3D printing or swell-paper, which can be used at home by individual users with success. We believe that a platform allowing blind and visually impaired to generate easy-to-use, unique thematic and topographic maps that comply with the requirements regarding tactile cartographic signs designs would be highly appreciated. Similar solutions already exist but only in the field of orientation and navigation maps and they have their limitations. Thematic tactile maps are very important to perceive various information that are provided by spatial data and we would like to focus on them in our presentation.</p>

scholarly journals Distance learning as a factor of increasing the efficiency of the educational process

2021 ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
T.N. Poddubnaya
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Educational Practice ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Online Mode ◽  
Online Platforms ◽  
Learning Platforms

The problem of developing effective educational technologies in the format of distance learning remains one of the most urgent for the world education system. The main initiator of the updating of online educational platforms was the COVID-19 pandemic, which revealed the problems of the transition of all educational institutions to the online mode. The research problem lies in the need to develop an effective pedagogical technology of distance learning as a factor in increasing the efficiency of the educational process. The purpose of the research is to present the experience of distance learning as a factor in increasing the efficiency of the educational process. The research objectives are to clarify the concept of «distance learning»; to reveal the concept of distance learning; describe the experience of using Moodle and Microsoft Teams online learning platforms; to identify the advantages and disadvantages of distance learning in modern educational practice. The research methodology and methods. The sources of information are scientific articles on the research topic, information from official sites. Methods used are analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization. The research results. The prerequisites for the popularization of distance learning in the modern practice of educational institutions have been substantiated; the experience of distance learning using the example of testing Moodle and Microsoft Teams online platforms has been described; the advantages and disadvantages of distance learning in modern educational practice have been identified. Key findings: distance learning is based on the use of a digital educational environment (information and communication resources); the concept of distance learning provides for three types of distance learning: synchronous, asynchronous and blended; Moodle and Microsoft Teams online platforms are optimal for distance learning.

scholarly journals Educational practice of students – prospective teachers in the context of distance learning

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-293
Author(s):  
Oksana K. Pozdnyakova ◽  
Elena V. Kuleshova
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Prospective Teachers ◽  
Teaching Style ◽  
Educational Practice ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
Professional Skills ◽  
Research Skills ◽  
Educational Activities

The paper raises the problem of effective organization of pedagogical practice of students prospective teachers in general and educational practice, in particular. The goal and the tasks of educational practice correlating with it are given (practice for obtaining primary professional skills, including primary skills and research skills). The experience of organizing this type of practice in the context of distance learning is presented. The tasks offered to students in a distance format are described: drawing up characteristics of an educational institution, identifying individual and personal characteristics of the teaching style of a foreign language teacher, analyzing activities of the subjects of the educational process at the lesson, assessing professionally significant qualities of the teacher, analysis of the educational process at the lesson, developing a plan outline of educational activities, analysis of educational activities, analysis of students activities in extracurricular educational work to achieve personal results indicated in the federal state educational standard of basic general education, analysis of pedagogical situations, reflective analysis of educational practice. The analysis of the reflexive part of students reports whose practice was in distant (2020) and full-time (2019) forms is carried out, and the peculiarities of students assessment of their activities within the framework of two forms of educational practice are revealed. The authors reveal what aroused particular interest among the students, what they thought they had learned, what caused the difficulties. The pros and cons of conducting educational practice (practice for obtaining primary professional skills, including primary skills and research skills) in a distant format are substantiated. The paper argues the position about the importance of real interaction with students and school teachers in the context of educational practice for the effectiveness of professional training of prospective teachers.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document