scholarly journals CANONICAL STRUCTURE OF CONSTRUCTION OF ORTHODOX CHURCHES

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
Vadym Kutsevych
Keyword(s):  
Urban Policy ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
The Public ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Church Building ◽  
Main Action ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Modern Orthodox ◽  
The Church

Abstract. The Orthodox Church in a number of other Christian denominations is characterized by the stability of dogma and rituals, which in turn determines the symbolic significance of the subject environment of the church, the canonization of church paraphernalia and iconography. Thus, the canon, created on the requirements of the liturgy — the main action in the church, determines the structure of the church and the purpose of its premises. The article considers the creation of modern Orthodox churches based on the use of traditions and the formation of temple action in them as a synthesis of arts. Gaining Independence of Ukraine, the growth of self-awareness and the restoration of religious life put forward a number of major architectural tasks of building new, reconstruction of destroyed and restoration of temples adapted to other functions in the period of "militant atheism". Serious typo­logical problems are faced by architects who design modern sacred buildings and structures, as well as by urban planners, as this process has a significant impact on the urban situation in cities and villages, changes the public microclimate and infrastructure in the vicinity of temples areas. Despite the fact that the construction "boom" of the 90s of the twentieth century-calmed down a bit, the issues of typology and imagery of modern temple building remain relevant. The new urban policy on the development of spirituality and meeting the needs of religious orga­nizations is carried out in accordance with the Law of Ukraine "On Freedom of Conscience and Principles of Democracy" of April 23, 1991. № 988 (as amended in 1992–2019). Temple construction, as a special, but at the same time once significant part of the architectural activity of architects of Ukraine (pre-October period), is being restored. But this is a very complex process, based on the still insufficient practice of designing and building modern Orthodox churches, which requires the improvement of their typological and figurative solutions. On the basis of the author's research, practice of design and construction of sacred buildings and structures will be prepared the third edition of the design manual "Cult houses and buildings of different denominations", the provisions and requirements of which will contribute to the development of modern Ukrainian church building.

The Festival of Encaenia Ecclesiae in the Ancient Church with special reference to Palestine and Syria

1954 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-85
Author(s):  
Matthew Black
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Church Of God ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Church

Strictly speaking, there is only one festival of encaenia in the ancient Church reported by our ancient or modern authorities on the subject, the feast of the dedication of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem, instituted on 13 September 335 to mark the tricennalia of the emperor Constantine, and described for us by Eusebius in his Life of Constantine. The rebuilding of churches after the persecution under Diocletian, and a similar encaenia of the Church of Tyre are even more fully recorded in the tenth Book of the History. Both dedications were accompanied by a long panegyric of the emperor, delivered by Eusebius himself, extolling Constantine as a second Solomon, and were the occasion for similar festive addresses and theological discourses from other visiting ecclesiastical dignitaries: but, apart from the magnificence of the occasion, the public banquets, the vast concourse of delegates from every part of the Christian world (Eusebius seems to be as anxious as Luke in his account of Pentecost in Acts ii. to emphasise the ecumenical character of the occasion), there is nothing unexpected in any of the rites or ceremonies performed at the encaenia; in addition to the celebration of the Eucharist, they consisted for the most part of prayers for the general peace, for the Church of God and for the emperor, Scripture readings, singing of psalms, and the lavish distribution of alms.

British Historians and the Treaty of Versailles

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Ann Cline
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Foreign Relations ◽  
Church Of England ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
John Maynard Keynes ◽  
The Public ◽  
Treaty Of Versailles ◽  
Peace Settlement ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Church

Students of inter-war foreign relations have long recognized the role played by the British public's disapproval of the Treaty of Versailles in the burgeoning of the appeasement policy of the 1930's. The peace settlement, once generally viewed as “stern but just,” came to be perceived by all political parties and by the public at large as unduly harsh and punitive in its treatment of Germany. Hitler's rearmament of the Fatherland, the remilitarization of the Rhineland, the Anschluss with Austria, and the occupation of the Sudetenland were all significant attacks on the Versailles system which most groups in Britain had come to consider unworthy of defense.The influences which brought the Treaty into disrepute were various. For one thing, the deterioration of Anglo-French relations tended to foster an increasingly sympathetic attitude towards Germany. Then, too, the problems of the British economy led to an awareness that the stability of Britain's former trading partner in Central Europe was essential to her own prosperity and to a corresponding desire to soften those features of the peace settlement which might be impeding German recovery. In addition, John Maynard Keynes' brilliant polemic, The Economic Consequences of the Peace (1919), not only made the case that the reparation clauses were unfair and impossible of fulfillment, but, with its withering portraits of the peacemakers, also tended to undermine respect for the Treaty as a whole. Finally, criticisms of various aspects of the peace settlement by elite groups ranging from bankers to bishops of the Church of England contributed heavily to the public's increasingly negative perception of the entire Treaty.

scholarly journals Between truth and respect – towards an ethics of care in journalism

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 124-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Camponez
Keyword(s):  
Ethic Of Care ◽  
Ethics Of Care ◽  
Alternative Response ◽  
The Public ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
New Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Public Sphere

This article seeks to explore the contributions of an ethic of care for journalism. Far from refusing the objectivity paradigm, the ethics of care emphasizes the role of journalism in its engagement with the public sphere and democracy, stressing the social responsibility dimension based on respect for the different stakeholders in the complex process of information: the subject who informs, the public and the information sources; journalism as a professional culture. This perspective can be a response to the contradictions that we find across the normative field of journalism, tightly placed between the paradigm of objectivity, freedom of speech and the market demands. In a communication where the logics of commodification, entertainment and audiences prevail, the ethics of care based on respect can become an alternative response towards a new public contract and journalism’s credibility.

II.—An Examination of two Anglo-Saxon Manuscripts of the Winchester School: the Missal of Robert of Fumièges, and the Benedictional of St. Æthelwold

Archaeologia ◽  
1933 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
pp. 27-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. L. Tolhurst
Keyword(s):  
Public Library ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Church

The English Sacramentary now in the Public Library at Rouen, and known by this name, has been the subject of several inquiries into its origin, and various opinions have been put forward as to the place where, and the identity of the church for which, it was written.

‘Jesuits in Disguise’? Ritualist Confessors and their Critics in the 1870s

1988 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigel Yates
Keyword(s):  
Church Of England ◽  
Similar Degree ◽  
Public Controversy ◽  
Related Subject ◽  
The Public ◽  
Religious Issues ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
The Church ◽  
Public Worship

The public controversy over ritualism in the Church of England reached its peak in the 1870s, with the passing of the Public Worship Regulation Act and the attempts, eventually abandoned through use of the episcopal veto, to prosecute ritualist clergy for the use of technically illegal ceremonial ornaments or vestments. One other related subject that caused a similar degree of controversy at the time, though it has been less well remembered since, was the emphasis within ritualist circles on auricular or sacramental confession. The subject of auricular confession, made privately to a priest, was one of the most explosive religious issues, both morally and theologically, of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.

scholarly journals Narrative Structure Transformations of the Last Supper Painting in Graphic Design

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 400-414
Author(s):  
Dr. Ahmed Obaid Kadhim Al-Ghazali
Keyword(s):  
Graphic Design ◽  
Narrative Structure ◽  
Visual Narrative ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
The Public ◽  
Last Supper ◽  
Continuous Movement ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject

The transformations of the visual narrative come from preoccupation with the aesthetics of the artistic form and the creative presence of the artist, and the centrality of the system's discourse and its reference to the discourses of shattering the fixed meaning, demolishing the centrals and dissolving connotations in an infinite continuous movement in the sense of shifting to new imagined and potential structures closer to the assumption and the possibility of a reality that cannot be represented because it is a structure hidden behind Phenomena, so the dismantling and reshaping of reality takes place through the imagination, which may be parallel to reality or alternative to it, but it differs in its manifestations and may give us something else from knowledge, self-awareness, criticism of reality, and understanding of the world, so there is a new tendency is the tendency of rejection and rebellion, which confirms according to its own system its rejection of the public, Also, technology sought to create a new reality in which the subject contradicts the subject.

Devotional Practices and the Development of the Church Building

2021 ◽  
pp. 330-350
Author(s):  
Nebojša Stanković
Keyword(s):  
Research Directions ◽  
Orthodox Christian ◽  
Religious Architecture ◽  
Devotional Practices ◽  
Church Building ◽  
Christian Worship ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Byzantine Church ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Way

Orthodox Christian worship and devotions determined the planning, organization, and form of religious architecture in Byzantium. However, a church does not merely house religious events; it also has an impact on the way they are accommodated within a defined space. This chapter presents Byzantine church building as it was understood by its users and developed in relation to various segments of liturgical ritual and forms of devotion. An effort is made to address all periods, include developments in regions outside the capital, and examine some manifestations beyond the church building. At the end, there is an overview of issues and problems in the study of the subject, and of potential research directions in the field.

scholarly journals Analysis of removal method of a 19th church‘s deflection

2019 ◽  
Vol 284 ◽  
pp. 05005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Gromysz
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mining ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Underground Coal Mining ◽  
Model Calculations ◽  
Building Model ◽  
The Past ◽  
Church Building ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Church

A historic mid-19th C. church building is located on the area affected by the impact of underground coal mining. In the past, the building was secured many times against an adverse effect of the mining area deformation by providing massive reinforced-concrete reinforcements. As uneven depressions have emerged, caused by underground coal mining, the structure has become vertically deflected by 39 mm/m in the eastern direction. With the building length of 51 m, the corners have been vertically displaced in relation to each other by 1.99 m. The existing deflection impedes the structure‘s usage, decreases its value and threatens the stability of its furnishings. The deflection should therefore be removed. Due to the building‘s historic character and the presence of massive reinforcements installed already during its operation, three scenarios of deflection rectification were assessed. After the assessment, a scenario was chosen where the building is detached with the use of hydraulic jacks in the floor level, and then straightened by uneven raising. The lifting height of the corners is up to 1.99 m. The article presents the results of the building model calculations and the reinforcements proposed for the time of straightening. It was assumed that the structure, with the total weight of 810,000 tonnes, will be straightened by means of 178 jacks. The outlined procedure will restore the building‘s architectural assets and value and will allow the church goers to use the church comfortably.

The Samarin Family and the Parish Question in the Russian Empire. 1860s–1910s

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 235-246
Author(s):  
Alexey L. Beglov
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Public Discussion ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Church Life ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
The Church ◽  
Do So

The article examines the contribution of the representatives of the Samarin family to the development of the Parish issue in the Russian Empire in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The issue of expanding the rights of the laity in the sphere of parish self-government was one of the most debated problems of Church life in that period. The public discussion was initiated by D.F. Samarin (1827-1901). He formulated the “social concept” of the parish and parish reform, based on Slavophile views on society and the Church. In the beginning of the twentieth century his eldest son F.D. Samarin who was a member of the Special Council on the development the Orthodox parish project in 1907, and as such developed the Slavophile concept of the parish. In 1915, A.D. Samarin, who took up the position of the Chief Procurator of the Most Holy Synod, tried to make his contribution to the cause of the parish reforms, but he failed to do so due to his resignation.

IMPACT OF GOVERNMENT DEBT ON FINANCIAL SECURITY OF UKRAINE

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olena Pikaliuk ◽  
◽  
Dmitry Kovalenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Public Debt ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
The State ◽  
Financial Security ◽  
State Budget ◽  
The Public ◽  
Debt Security ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Impact

One of the main criteria for economic development is the size of the public debt and its dynamics. The article considers the impact of public debt on the financial security of Ukraine. The views of scientists on the essence of public debt and financial security of the state are substantiated. An analysis of the dynamics and structure of public debt of Ukraine for 2014-2019. It is proved that one of the main criteria for economic development is the size of public debt and its dynamics. State budget deficit, attracting and using loans to cover it have led to the formation and significant growth of public debt in Ukraine. The volume of public debt indicates an increase in the debt security of the state, which is a component of financial security. Therefore, the issue of the impact of public debt on the financial security of Ukraine is becoming increasingly relevant. The constant growth and large amounts of debt make it necessary to study it, which will have a positive impact on economic processes that will ensure the stability of the financial system and enhance its security.

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