scholarly journals Sustainability of the Dairy Industry: Emissions and Mitigation Opportunities

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlyn B. Peterson ◽  
Frank M. Mitloehner

Dairy cattle provide a major benefit to the world through upcycling human inedible feedstuffs into milk and associated dairy products. However, as beneficial as this process has become, it is not without potential negatives. Dairy cattle are a source of greenhouse gases through enteric and waste fermentation as well as excreting nitrogen emissions through their feces and urine. However, these negative impacts vary widely due to how and what these animals are fed. In addition, there are many promising opportunities for further reducing emissions through feed and waste additives. The present review aims to further expand on where the industry is today and the potential avenues for improvement. This area of research is still not complete and additional information is required to further improve our dairy systems impact on sustainable animal products.

The article considers the current state, trends and problems of development of the dairy industry of Ukraine in modern conditions. The subject of the research in the article is the competitiveness of Ukrainian dairy products in global markets. The goal is an identification of comparative advantages of the dairy industry of Ukraine and identified prospects for its further development. The purpose of the article is to find out the current state and dynamics of production, world prices, demand, exports of dairy products in Ukraine and the world, to determine the comparative advantages of Ukraine in the dairy industry based on the calculation of the Balass index, to review the environmental aspect of the industry. General scientific used research methods: system analysis – to determine the competitiveness of the dairy industry of Ukraine; historical method – to track trends in the global and Ukrainian dairy market; correlation analysis – to determine the interaction of price relations in the domestic market, statistical method – to reflect quantitative indicators, etc. The following results were obtained: based on the study revealed trends in reducing production and exports of dairy products, identified comparative advantages of the dairy industry of Ukraine in a larger regional territory of European markets and proposed ways of further development in accordance with current challenges in the world. Conclusions: the Ukrainian dairy industry is able to compete in world commodity markets, promising areas for export expansion may be Kazakhstan, Moldova, Kyrgyzstan, the Middle East. Given the overall reduction in the capacity of the dairy industry in Ukraine, producers propose to focus on intensifying production and implementing new technologies, taking into account the environmental component.


2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire E Dawson

Brucella are Gram-negative intracellular bacteria capable of infecting a range of species including man. Currently divided into six species based mainly on differences in pathogenicity and host preference, the infections produced are characteristically localised in the reproductive organs and may cause abortions in some species. Exposure occurs through contact with infected animals and animal products such as unpasteurised dairy products and meat. The disease is endemic throughout many areas of the world.


Author(s):  
В.Н. СУРОВЦЕВ ◽  
Е.Н. ПАЮРОВА

Проанализированы проблемы на рынке молока и молочных продуктов России в условиях глобального экономического кризиса: перепроизводство молока в основных странах-экспортерах, снижение закупочных цен на сырое молоко, снижение цен на биржевые товары в мире и России в 2020 году, тренд на уменьшение спроса на молочные продукты на мировом рынке в среднесрочном периоде, снижение общего спроса на молочные продукты на внутрироссийском рынке при падении реальных доходов населения, изменение структуры потребления. Проведена оценка новых возможностей и угроз для развития отрасли: со стороны потребителей — рост цен на продовольствие, снижение доходов; с позиции производителей молока — снижение закупочных цен, рост требований к сырью для производства продукции с увеличенными сроками годности, дефицит рабочей силы, вероятное сокращение господдержки в результате снижения цен на углеводороды, попытки регулирования цен; со стороны перерабатывающих предприятий — сокращение спроса, снижение цен на готовую продукцию вслед за мировыми ценами. Обоснованы приоритеты инвестирования в молочном скотоводстве и основные формы совершенствования государственной поддержки отрасли, обеспечивающие эффективную адаптацию производителей молока к новым экономическим условиям, повышение устойчивости отрасли при усилении макроэкономических рисков. The article analyzes the problems in the Russian milk and dairy products market in the context of the global economic crisis: overproduction of milk in the main exporting countries, lower purchase prices for raw milk, lower prices for commodities in the world and in Russia in 2020, trend to reduce demand for dairy products on the world market in medium term, a decrease in total demand for dairy products in the Russian market with a decrease in the purchasing power of the population, a change in the structure of consumption. An assessment of new opportunities and threats to the development of the industry was carried out: on the part of consumers — rising food prices, lower incomes; from the perspective of dairy producers — reduction in purchase prices, increased requirements for raw materials for the production of products with extended periods, labor shortages, the likely reduction in state support as a result of lower prices for hydrocarbons, attempts to regulate prices; on the part of processing enterprises — reduction of demand, reduction of prices for finished goods following world prices. The investment priorities in dairy cattle breeding and the main forms of improving state support for the industry, ensuring the effective adaptation of milk producers to new economic conditions, increasing the sustainability of the industry with increasing macroeconomic risks, are substantiated.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naushad Khan ◽  
Shah Fahad ◽  
Mahnoor Naushad ◽  
Shah Faisal
Keyword(s):  

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sridevi Vaadala ◽  
Naveen Ponneri ◽  
Venkat Shashank Karnam ◽  
Ramachandra Reddy Pamuru ◽  
Mohammed Arifullah

Background: Phytoestrogens are non-endocrine, non-steroidal secondary derivatives of plants and consumed through plant-based diet also named as “dietary estrogens”. The major sources of phytoestrogens are soy and soy-based foods, flax seed, chickpeas, green beans, dairy products, etc. The dietary inclusion of phytoestrogen based foods play a crucial role in the maintenance of metabolic syndrome cluster including obesity, diabetes, blood pressure, cancer, inflammation, cardiovascular diseases, postmenopausal ailments and their complications. In recent days, phytoestrogens are the preferred molecules for hormone replacement therapy. On the other hand, they act as endocrine disruptors via estrogen receptor mediated pathways. These effects are not restricted to adult males or females and identified even in development. Objective: Since phytoestrogenic occurrence is high at daily meal for most people from all over the world, they focused to study for its beneficiary effects towards developing pharmaceutical drugs for treating various metabolic disorders by keeping an eye on endocrine disruption. Conclusion: The present review emphasizes the pros and cons of phytoestrogens on human health, which may help to direct the pharmaceutical industry to produce various phytoestrongen based drugs against various metabolic disorders.


Dairy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 422-424
Author(s):  
Paola Scano ◽  
Pierluigi Caboni

Small ruminants, such as sheep and goats, are mostly raised in smallholder farming systems widely distributed throughout the world [...]


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 642
Author(s):  
Shuangxi Zhou ◽  
Zhenzhen Guo ◽  
Yang Ding ◽  
Jingliang Dong ◽  
Jianming Le ◽  
...  

Buildings consume many resources and generate greenhouse gases during construction. One of the main sources of greenhouse gases is carbon emission associated with buildings. This research is based on the computing rule of carbon emission at the materialization stage. By taking the features of green construction into consideration, quantitative analysis on construction carbon emission was undertaken via Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). Making use of Vensim (a system dynamics software package), we analyzed the amount of carbon emission at the materialization stage and determined the major subsystems affecting the carbon emission, then took into comprehensive consideration the differences of each subsystem’s carbon emission under different construction technologies. Under the mechanism of carbon trade at the materialization stage, the total price of carbon trades remains unchanged, while the trading price of each subsystem is adjusted. Under these conditions, a coefficient for step-wise increases in carbon price was proposed. By establishing such a system of gradient prices, construction companies are encouraged to adopt high-efficiency emission reduction technologies. Meanwhile, the system also provides a reference for the formulation of price-based policies about buildings’ carbon trading, and accelerates the process of energy conservation and emission reduction in China and the world at large.


Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1884 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Morales-Suárez-Varela ◽  
Isabel Peraita-Costa ◽  
Agustín Llopis-Morales ◽  
Agustín Llopis-Gonzalez

Iodine deficiency is one of the most important health problems in the world. It intervenes in the synthesis of thyroid hormones, which carry out important functions, so that a deficit of this mineral causes alterations of different kinds such as those related to growth. The objective of the present study was to know the prevalence of iodine deficit in the diet of Valencian children from 6 to 8 years old and their relationship with anthropometry. The analysis of the dietary intake was carried out through questionnaires. Thirteen schools participated in the study. The sample studied consists of 661 school children belonging to the Valencian Community, between 6 and 8 years of age: 298 boys and 363 girls. 79.12% of the children did not meet recommended daily iodine intakes. When comparing the groups of girls and boys with an inadequate intake, in general, girls show worse nutritional adequacy. When comparing the groups of girls and boys with sufficient iodine intake, no statistically significant differences were observed. No immediate effects of iodine deficiency on children’s anthropometry were observed. Intake of dairy products, fish and iodized salt is recommended, since they can contribute to the diet the iodine required to avoid a deficiency.


PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. e52851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebuma Firdessa ◽  
Rea Tschopp ◽  
Alehegne Wubete ◽  
Melaku Sombo ◽  
Elena Hailu ◽  
...  

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