scholarly journals Microbial Biofilm Decontamination on Dental Implant Surfaces: A Mini Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jagjit Singh Dhaliwal ◽  
Nurul Adhwa Abd Rahman ◽  
Long Chiau Ming ◽  
Sachinjeet Kaur Sodhi Dhaliwal ◽  
Joe Knights ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Dental Implants ◽  
Dental Implant ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Electrochemical Treatment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Coating Materials ◽  
Microbial Biofilm

IntroductionAfter insertion into the bone, implants osseointegrate, which is required for their long-term success. However, inflammation and infection around the implants may lead to implant failure leading to peri-implantitis and loss of supporting bone, which may eventually lead to failure of implant. Surface chemistry of the implant and lack of cleanliness on the part of the patient are related to peri-implantitis. The only way to get rid of this infection is decontamination of dental implants.ObjectiveThis systematic review intended to study decontamination of microbial biofilm methods on titanium implant surfaces used in dentistry.MethodsThe electronic databases Springer Link, Science Direct, and PubMed were explored from their inception until December 2020 to identify relevant studies. Studies included had to evaluate the efficiency of new strategies either to prevent formation of biofilm or to treat matured biofilm on dental implant surfaces.Results and DiscussionIn this systematic review, 17 different groups of decontamination methods were summarized from 116 studies. The decontamination methods included coating materials, mechanical cleaning, laser treatment, photodynamic therapy, air polishing, anodizing treatment, radiation, sonication, thermal treatment, ultrasound treatment, chemical treatment, electrochemical treatment, antimicrobial drugs, argon treatment, and probiotics.ConclusionThe findings suggest that most of the decontamination methods were effective in preventing the formation of biofilm and in decontaminating established biofilm on dental implants. This narrative review provides a summary of methods for future research in the development of new dental implants and decontamination techniques.

scholarly journals Influence of Chitosan or Keratin on Titanium Implant Surface - A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Robert Love ◽  
Eliza Ranjit ◽  
Ajay Sharma ◽  
Stephen Hamlet ◽  
Roy George ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Dental Implant ◽  
Science Studies ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Chitosan Hydrogel ◽  
Chitosan Hydrogels

Purpose: This systematic review was carried out to investigate the effects of keratin and chitosan hydrogel preparations on dental implant osseointegration. Materials and Methods: The electronic search was conducted on five databases: Scopus, EBSCOhost MEDLINE, EBSCOhost Dentistry and Oral Science, PubMed, and Web of Science. Studies that determined the in vitro or in vivo efficacy of keratin and chitosan hydrogel on osseointegration were included in the review. Results: Of the 760 studies initially gathered, nine met the inclusion criteria. These studies demonstrated that dental implants coated with keratin and chitosan hydrogels resulted in improved biological properties. It was also concluded that the inclusion of chitosan in keratin hydrogels improves the mechanical strength and helps increase durability through ameliorating degradation and swelling characters. Both the polymers increased bone-implant contact and new bone formation in animal models. Conclusion: This systematic review demonstrates that keratin and chitosan hydrogel, is effective in initiating osteogenesis, reinforcing the currently available evidence that these polymers could be a substrate in dental implant treatment.

scholarly journals Bioactive Coating on Titanium Dental Implants for Improved Anticorrosion Protection: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study

Coatings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jozefina Katić ◽  
Ankica Šarić ◽  
Ines Despotović ◽  
Nives Matijaković ◽  
Marin Petković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implant ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Bioactive Coating ◽  
Dental Implant Surface

In recent years, extensive studies have been continuously undertaken on the design of bioactive and biomimetic dental implant surfaces due to the need for improvement of the implant–bone interface properties. In this paper, the titanium dental implant surface was modified by bioactive vitamin D3 molecules by a self-assembly process in order to form an improved anticorrosion coating. Surface characterization of the modified implant was performed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), and contact angle measurements (CA). The implant’s electrochemical stability during exposure to an artificial saliva solution was monitored in situ by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The experimental results obtained were corroborated by means of quantum chemical calculations at the density functional theory level (DFT). The formation mechanism of the coating onto the titanium implant surface was proposed. During a prolonged immersion period, the bioactive coating effectively prevented a corrosive attack on the underlying titanium (polarization resistance in order of 107 Ω cm2) with ~95% protection effectiveness.

scholarly journals Bisphosphonate releasing dental implant surface coatings and osseointegration: A systematic review

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 369-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shariq Najeeb ◽  
Muhammad S. Zafar ◽  
Zohaib Khurshid ◽  
Sana Zohaib ◽  
Syed M. Hasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Dental Implant ◽  
Surface Coatings ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Dental Implant Surface

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Effects of Three Different Treatment Modalities on Dental Implant Surfaces

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 429-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olav I. Larsen ◽  
Morten Enersen ◽  
Anne Karin Kristoffersen ◽  
Ann Wennerberg ◽  
Dagmar F. Bunæs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implants ◽  
Dental Implant ◽  
Er:Yag Laser ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Antimicrobial Effects ◽  
Dental Implant Surface

Resolution of peri-implant inflammation and re-osseointegration of peri-implantitis affected dental implants seem to be dependent on bacterial decontamination. The aims of the study were to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of 3 different instrumentations on a micro-textured dental implant surface contaminated with an avirulent or a virulent Porphyromonas gingivalis strain and to determine alterations to the implant surface following instrumentation. Forty-five dental implants (Straumann SLA) were allocated to 3 treatment groups: Er:YAG laser, chitosan brush, and titanium curette (10 implants each) and a positive (10 implants) and a negative (5 implants) control. Each treatment group and the positive control were split into subgroups of 5 implants subsequently contaminated with either the avirulent or virulent P. gingivalis strain. The antimicrobial effect of instrumentation was evaluated using checkerboard DNA–DNA hybridization. Implant surface alterations were determined using a light interferometer. Instrumentation significantly reduced the number of attached P. gingivalis (P < .001) with no significant differences among groups (P = .310). A significant overall higher median score was found for virulent compared with avirulent P. gingivalis strains (P = .007); the Er:YAG laser uniquely effective removing both bacterial strains. The titanium curette significantly altered the implant surface micro-texture. Neither the Er:YAG laser nor the chitosan brush significantly altered the implant surface. The 3 instrumentations appear to have a similar potential to remove P. gingivalis. The titanium curette significantly altered the microstructure of the implant surface.

scholarly journals Silicon Nitride (Si3N4) Implants: The Future of Dental Implantology?

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahi Badran ◽  
Xavier Struillou ◽  
Francis J Hughes ◽  
Assem Soueidan ◽  
Alain Hoornaert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Nitride ◽  
Dental Implants ◽  
Dental Implant ◽  
Clinical Success ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Biological Performance

For decades titanium has been the preferred material for dental implant fabrication, with mechanical and biological performance resulting in high clinical success rates. These have been further enhanced by incremental development of surface modifications aimed at improving speed and degree of osseointegration and resulting in enhanced clinical treatment options and outcomes. However, increasing demand for metal-free dental restorations has also led to the development of ceramic-based dental implants, such as zirconia. In orthopedics, alternative biomaterials, such as polyetheretherketone or silicon nitride, have been used for implant applications. The latter is potentially of particular interest for oral use as it has been shown to have antibacterial properties. In this article we aim to shed light on this particular biomaterial as a future promising candidate for dental implantology applications, addressing basic specifications required for any dental implant material. In view of available preclinical data, silicon nitride seems to have the essential characteristics to be a candidate for dental implants material. This novel ceramic has a surface with potentially antimicrobial properties, and if this is confirmed in future research, it could be of great interest for oral use.

scholarly journals Preparation of Bioactive Titanium Surfaces via Fluoride and Fibronectin Retention

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Nelson Elias ◽  
Patricia Abdo Gravina ◽  
Costa e Silva Filho ◽  
Pedro Augusto de Paula Nascente
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implants ◽  
Dental Implant ◽  
Osteoblastic Cells ◽  
Acid Etching ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Dental Implant Surface ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Titanium Surfaces

Statement of Problem. The chemical or topographic modification of the dental implant surface can affect bone healing, promote accelerated osteogenesis, and increase bone-implant contact and bonding strength.Objective. In this work, the effects of dental implant surface treatment and fibronectin adsorption on the adhesion of osteoblasts were analyzed.Materials and Methods. Two titanium dental implants (Porous-acid etching and PorousNano-acid etching followed by fluoride ion modification) were characterized by high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and X-ray diffraction before and after the incorporation of human plasma fibronectin (FN). The objective was to investigate the biofunctionalization of these surfaces and examine their effects on the interaction with osteoblastic cells.Results. The evaluation techniques used showed that the Porous and PorousNano implants have similar microstructural characteristics. Spectrophotometry demonstrated similar levels of fibronectin adsorption on both surfaces (80%). The association indexes of osteoblastic cells in FN-treated samples were significantly higher than those in samples without FN. The radioactivity values associated with the same samples, expressed as counts per minute (cpm), suggested that FN incorporation is an important determinant of thein vitrocytocompatibility of the surfaces.Conclusion. The preparation of bioactive titanium surfaces via fluoride and FN retention proved to be a useful treatment to optimize and to accelerate the osseointegration process for dental implants.

Natural Nacre Coatings on Titanium Implant Grown by Fresh Water Bivalve Shell

2006 ◽  
Vol 309-311 ◽  
pp. 743-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Xiang Wang ◽  
Lei Xie ◽  
Cheng Luo ◽  
Ri Zhi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Dental Implant ◽  
Titanium Surface ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Nacreous Layer ◽  
Transitional Layer ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Titanium Dental Implant

Titanium dental implant screws were implanted into the pearl sacs of a fresh water bivalve (hyriopsis cumingii Lea) by replacing the pearls. After 45 days of cultivation, the implant surfaces were deposited with a nacre coating with iridescent luster. The coating was about 200-600 µm in thickness and composed of a laminated nacreous layer and a transitional non-laminated layer that consisted mainly of vaterite and calcite polymorphs of calcium carbonate. The transitional layer was around 2-10 µm thick in the convex and flat region of the implant surface and could form close contact with titanium surface; while the transitional layer was much thicker in the steep concave regions and could not form close contact with the titanium surface. The improvement to the design of the dental implant with respect to this coating method was suggested in the paper. The results suggest that it is possible to fabricate a biologically active and degradable, and mechanically tough and strong nacre coating on titanium dental implant by this novel coating technology.

scholarly journals Role of Stem Cells in Augmenting Dental Implant Osseointegration: A Systematic Review

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1035
Author(s):  
Mohammed E. Sayed ◽  
Maryam H. Mugri ◽  
Mazen A. Almasri ◽  
Manea Musa Al-Ahmari ◽  
Shilpa Bhandi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Dental Implants ◽  
Mesenchymal Cells ◽  
Graft Material ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Oral Rehabilitation

Dental implants are a widely used treatment modality for oral rehabilitation. Implant failures can be a result of many factors, with poor osseointegration being the main culprit. The present systematic review aimed to assess the effect of stem cells on the osseointegration of dental implants. An electronic search of the MEDLINE, LILACS, and EMBASE databases was conducted. We examined quantitative preclinical studies that reported on the effect of mesenchymal stem cells on bone healing after implant insertion. Eighteen studies that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were included. Various surface modification strategies, sites of placement, and cell origins were analyzed. The majority of the selected studies showed a high risk of bias, indicating that caution must be exercised in their interpretation. All the included studies reported that the stem cells used with graft material and scaffolds promoted osseointegration with higher levels of new bone formation. The mesenchymal cells attached to the implant surface facilitated the expression of bio-functionalized biomaterial surfaces, to boost bone formation and osseointegration at the bone–implant interfaces. There was a promotion of osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal cells and osseointegration of biomaterial implants, both in vitro and in vivo. These results highlight the significance of biomodified implant surfaces that can enhance osseointegration. These innovations can improve the stability and success rate of the implants used for oral rehabilitation.

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