Biochar-Terracotta Conductive Composites: New Design for Bioelectrochemical Systems

Research in the field of bioelectrochemical systems is addressing the need to improve components and reduce their costs in the perspective of their large-scale application. In this view, innovative solid separators of electrodes, made of biochar and terracotta, are investigated. Biochar-based composites are produced from giant cane (Arundo Donax L.). Two different types of composite are used in this experiment: composite A, produced by pyrolysis of crushed chipping of A.donax L. mixed clay; and composite B, produced by pyrolysis of already-pyrolyzed giant cane (biochar) mixed with clay. Electrical resistivity, electrical capacity, porosity, water retention, and water leaching of the two composites types (A and B) with 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 30 mass percentages of carbon (w/w) are characterized and compared. Less than 1 kΩ cm of electrical resistance is obtained for composite A with a carbon content greater than 10%, while physical and electrical performances of composite B do not significantly change. SEM micrographs and 3D microcomputed tomography of different composite materials are provided, demonstrating a different matrix structure of carbon in the terracotta matrix. The possibility of suitably decreasing electric resistance and increasing water retention/leaching of composite A opens the way for a new class of resistive materials that can be simultaneously used as electrolytic separators and as external electric circuits, allowing a compact microbial fuel cell design. A proof of concept of such an MFC design was provided for different tested composites. Although all the anolytes become anaerobic, only the MFCs equipped with the composite A30% were able to produce power, reaching the maximum power peak in correspondence to resistance of about 1 kΩ. The low, but significant, produced power (about 40 mW m−2, cathode area) confirm that the proposed solution is particularly suitable for nutrient recovery and environment pollution bioremediation, where energy harvesting is not requested.

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Large-scale High-throughput Screening Revealed 5'-(carbonylamino)-2,3'- bithiophene-4'-carboxylate as Novel Template for Antibacterial Agents

Current Drug Discovery Technologies ◽

10.2174/1570163816666190603095521 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (5) ◽

pp. 716-724

Author(s):

Yan A. Ivanenkov ◽

Renat S. Yamidanov ◽

Ilya A. Osterman ◽

Petr V. Sergiev ◽

Vladimir A. Aladinskiy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

High Throughput ◽

High Throughput Screening ◽

Large Scale ◽

Antibacterial Agents ◽

Sos Response ◽

Luciferase Assay ◽

Translational Machinery ◽

E Coli ◽

New Class

Background: The key issue in the development of novel antimicrobials is a rapid expansion of new bacterial strains resistant to current antibiotics. Indeed, World Health Organization has reported that bacteria commonly causing infections in hospitals and in the community, e.g. E. Coli, K. pneumoniae and S. aureus, have high resistance vs the last generations of cephalosporins, carbapenems and fluoroquinolones. During the past decades, only few successful efforts to develop and launch new antibacterial medications have been performed. This study aims to identify new class of antibacterial agents using novel high-throughput screening technique. Methods: We have designed library containing 125K compounds not similar in structure (Tanimoto coeff.< 0.7) to that published previously as antibiotics. The HTS platform based on double reporter system pDualrep2 was used to distinguish between molecules able to block translational machinery or induce SOS-response in a model E. coli system. MICs for most active chemicals in LB and M9 medium were determined using broth microdilution assay. Results: In an attempt to discover novel classes of antibacterials, we performed HTS of a large-scale small molecule library using our unique screening platform. This approach permitted us to quickly and robustly evaluate a lot of compounds as well as to determine the mechanism of action in the case of compounds being either translational machinery inhibitors or DNA-damaging agents/replication blockers. HTS has resulted in several new structural classes of molecules exhibiting an attractive antibacterial activity. Herein, we report as promising antibacterials. Two most active compounds from this series showed MIC value of 1.2 (5) and 1.8 μg/mL (6) and good selectivity index. Compound 6 caused RFP induction and low SOS response. In vitro luciferase assay has revealed that it is able to slightly inhibit protein biosynthesis. Compound 5 was tested on several archival strains and exhibited slight activity against gram-negative bacteria and outstanding activity against S. aureus. The key structural requirements for antibacterial potency were also explored. We found, that the unsubstituted carboxylic group is crucial for antibacterial activity as well as the presence of bulky hydrophobic substituents at phenyl fragment. Conclusion: The obtained results provide a solid background for further characterization of the 5'- (carbonylamino)-2,3'-bithiophene-4'-carboxylate derivatives discussed herein as new class of antibacterials and their optimization campaign.

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General, Divergent Platform for Diastereoselective Synthesis of trans-Cyclooctenes with High Reactivity and Favorable Physiochemical Properties

10.26434/chemrxiv.13669160 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jessica E. Pigga ◽

Julia Rosenberger ◽

Andrew Jemas ◽

Samantha Boyd ◽

Olga Dmitrenko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physicochemical Properties ◽

Large Scale ◽

High Reactivity ◽

Diels Alder ◽

Synthetic Methods ◽

High Yield ◽

Physiochemical Properties ◽

New Class ◽

State Models

trans-Cyclooctenes (TCOs) are essential partners for the fastest known bioorthogonal reactions, but current synthetic methods are limited by poor diastereoselectivity. Especially hard to access are hydrophilic TCOs with favorable physicochemical properties for live cell or in vivo experiments. Described is a new class of TCOs, ‘a-TCOs’, that is prepared in high yield via stereocontrolled 1,2-additions of nucleophiles to trans-cyclooct-4-enone, which itself was prepared on large scale in two steps from 1,5-cyclooctadiene. Computational transition state models rationalize the diastereoselectivity of 1,2-additions to deliver a-TCO products, which were also shown to be more reactive than standard TCOs and less hydrophobic than even a trans-oxocene analog. Illustrating the favorable physicochemical properties of a-TCOs, a fluorescent TAMRA derivative in live HeLa cells was shown to be cell-permeable through intracellular Diels-Alder chemistry and to washout more rapidly than other TCOs.

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General, Divergent Platform for Diastereoselective Synthesis of trans-Cyclooctenes with High Reactivity and Favorable Physiochemical Properties

10.26434/chemrxiv.13669160.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jessica E. Pigga ◽

Julia Rosenberger ◽

Andrew Jemas ◽

Samantha Boyd ◽

Olga Dmitrenko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physicochemical Properties ◽

Large Scale ◽

High Reactivity ◽

Diels Alder ◽

Synthetic Methods ◽

High Yield ◽

Physiochemical Properties ◽

New Class ◽

State Models

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Temperature dependence of large-scale water-retention curves: a case study

Hydrogeology Journal ◽

10.1007/s10040-006-0054-z ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 14 (8) ◽

pp. 1403-1408 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hui-Hai Liu ◽

G. S. Bodvarsson ◽

J. H. Dane

Keyword(s):

Temperature Dependence ◽

Large Scale ◽

Water Retention

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ELECTRIC MODELS OF LARGE-SCALE SYSTEMS AND THEIR ANALOGY TO THERMODYNAMIC SYSTEMS

Journal of Circuits System and Computers ◽

10.1142/s0218126606003258 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 15 (04) ◽

pp. 505-519

Author(s):

Y. BERKOVICH ◽

G. GOLAN

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Energy Exchange ◽

Electric Circuit ◽

Energy Concentration ◽

Irreversible Processes ◽

Electric Circuits ◽

Large Scale Systems ◽

Complex Calculation ◽

Mechanical Models ◽

The One

The paper deals with electric models applied in the investigation of complex systems, such as transport, economic, and neuron systems. The increasing interest in such systems can be explained by the fact that they are characterized by parallel (collective) means of complex calculation processes, under the influence of inner information processes. Electric models can also be looked upon as original structures for neuron-like systems. The paper puts emphasis on comparison between the electric models suggested by the authors, on the one hand, and the mechanical and thermal models, on the other hand. It has been shown that entropy phenomena, typical for the latter, can be closely compared to those of electric models, which are distinguished by pure electric values. Also, it has been shown that irreversible processes of energy dissipation, e.g., entropy processes in mechanical models, are corresponded to processes of energy concentration, energy transfer, and/or energy exchange in electric models. This enables us to shed a new light on processes in electric circuit, especially those concerning with structural improvements of electric circuitry and their self-organization, meaning a neg-entropic information character of these processes. Models of two economic tasks have been considered, wherein the calculation process is characterized under the influence of these processes. Assumption on the importance of reactive elements such as carriers of neg-entropy in electric circuits was made as well.

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Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation — The Use of NOACs in Everyday Clinical Practice

European Cardiology Review ◽

10.15420/ecr.2015.10.2.76 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 76

Author(s):

Gheorghe-Andrei Dan ◽

Adrian Catalin Buzea ◽

◽

Keyword(s):

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Stroke Prevention ◽

Large Scale ◽

Oral Anticoagulants ◽

Real Life ◽

Everyday Clinical Practice ◽

New Class ◽

Antithrombotic Efficacy ◽

Randomised Controlled ◽

Near Future

Non-antivitamin K oral anticoagulants (NOACs) have recently emerged as a new class of antithrombotic drugs. Four large-scale, randomised controlled trials (RCT) accredited dabigatran, rivaroxaban and edoxaban with evident advantages for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation (AF) compared with warfarin. The superiority concerns not only the manageability but also the antithrombotic efficacy and safety. Aspects of real-life clinical experience with NOAC for stroke prevention in AF are analysed in an attempt to underline some practical differences. If at present the individualisation of the NOAC class drugs is still a subject of debate it is probable that in the near future we will be able to adapt the drug and dosages to individual patient’s profile.

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MOBILITAS KELAS BARU DI DUNIA INDUSTRI PARIWISATA

Jurnal Kawistara ◽

10.22146/kawistara.6384 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Bambang Suharto, Janianton Damanik, M.Baiquni, dan Chafid Fandeli

Keyword(s):

Bargaining Power ◽

Large Scale ◽

Tourism Industry ◽

Class Structure ◽

Main Study ◽

Professional Worker ◽

New Class ◽

Technological Advances ◽

Professional Class ◽

Post Industrial

The main study of this research solves the researchers empirically debate about the source of in justice inthe world tourism industry because of the class structure. First, the theory of post industrial related classshould look more human. The second, related theory of Marx saw class more regularly and degraded.This study used a mixed methods concurrent triangulation. Results of the analysis relationship betweenclasses show that there was a new class strengthened, namely the professional classes (54.5%) that havea high bargaining power against capital classes (1.5%) and the proletariats (44%). These conditionsreinforce the post industrial theory which shows that the system is open, technological advances, andspecifications facilitate mastery of the field of expertise towards a higher level of professionalism basedproclean care era cross borders and not consistent proletarianization process. This studies timated thetransformation of the proletariat in to a new class structures end to be stronger, in line with the directionof the professional class distributed double post status other than capitalist-professional worker as wellsmall to large scale.

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Using Ultrasonic Sensors to Develop a Wireless Level Control in Reservoirs with Liquid Chemical Products

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.19.2.6918 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 70 (2) ◽

pp. 365-372 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gabriela Bucur ◽

Adrian-George Moise ◽

Cristina Popescu

Keyword(s):

Pid Controller ◽

Large Scale ◽

Liquid Surface ◽

Level Control ◽

New Class ◽

Level Sensor ◽

Liquid Chemical ◽

Chemical Products ◽

Level Monitoring

The purpose of this paper is to show the research results for improving the quality of a level control system by using an ultrasonic level sensor. By using an ultrasonic sensor in a liquid level control loop, the authors wanted to experiment the use of this new class of sensors, which are working without contact with the liquid surface or volume. In industry, using this type of transducer is becoming more and more useful, having large scale applications, from dangerous liquids reservoirs level monitoring, to waste water level monitoring in treatment plants, and to level control systems for a wide class chemical products. The research also demonstrated the efficiency of the system remote control by using a dual-loop PID controller.

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International Regulation of Ocean Pollution and Ocean Fisheries

Oxford Research Encyclopedia of International Studies ◽

10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.013.240 ◽

2010 ◽

Author(s):

Peter Jacques

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Oil Pollution ◽

World Ocean ◽

Interconnected System ◽

International Regulation ◽

Marine Food Web ◽

New Class ◽

Ocean Pollution ◽

National Jurisdiction ◽

Post War

The World Ocean, the interconnected system of oceans and major seas on Earth, faces a major governance failure that has produced a series of catastrophic systemic changes to the marine food web and the water column across all scales. As each era passes, ocean sustainability has become less of a priority compared to economic extraction, though there were many institutions forged in the post-War period, and these are explained, concluding with the development of a purposefully weak effort to protect biodiversity in Areas Beyond National Jurisdictions. Fisheries are systematically mismanaged, and there are now serious concerns for large-scale, even global, fishery collapses. Longstanding pollution issues like oil pollution have improved, but a new class of “invisibles”—carbon dioxide, heat, nitrogen, and plastics—offer growing threats. The solution to these problems must be integrated, comprehensive, and ambitious—something the Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction language does not promise.

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Interoperability in Internet of Media Things and Integration Big Media

10.4018/978-1-7998-4186-9.ch004 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 59-79

Author(s):

Dragorad A. Milovanovic ◽

Vladan Pantovic

Keyword(s):

Big Data ◽

Data Analytics ◽

Large Scale ◽

Reference Model ◽

Big Data Analytics ◽

Multimedia Data ◽

Data Sets ◽

Large Scale Systems ◽

New Class ◽

Media Applications

Multimedia-related things is a new class of connected objects that can be searched, discovered, and composited on the internet of media things (IoMT). A huge amount of data sets come from audio-visual sources or have a multimedia nature. However, multimedia data is currently not incorporated in the big data (BD) frameworks. The research projects, standardization initiatives, and industrial activities for integration are outlined in this chapter. MPEG IoMT interoperability and network-based media processing (NBMP) framework as an instance of the big media (BM) reference model are explored. Conceptual model of IoT and big data integration for analytics is proposed. Big data analytics is rapidly evolving both in terms of functionality and the underlying model. The authors pointed out that IoMT analytics is closely related to big data analytics, which facilitates the integration of multimedia objects in big media applications in large-scale systems. These two technologies are mutually dependent and should be researched and developed jointly.

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