scholarly journals Ecological Risks of Heavy Metals and Microbiome Taxonomic Profile of a Freshwater Stream Receiving Wastewater of Textile Industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace Olunike Odubanjo ◽  
Ganiyu Oladunjoye Oyetibo ◽  
Matthew Olusoji Ilori
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Ecological Risks ◽  
Aesthetic Quality ◽  
Taxonomic Profile ◽  
Freshwater Stream ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Very High

Textile wastewater (TWW) contains toxic metals that are inimical to microbiome, aesthetic quality, and the health of the receiving freshwater. TWW-impacted freshwater (L2) was assessed for metals eco-toxicity and the consequent impact on microbiome taxonomic profile (MTP) compared to a pristine environment (L1). The conductivity (1750 μS/cm), chemical oxygen demand (2,110 mg/L), biochemical oxygen demand (850 mg/L), and salinity (5,250 mg/L) of L2 were far above the permissible limits. Mercury posed very high ecological risks in the water column of L2 as lead, arsenic, and copper exerted high risk in the sediment. The MTP of L2 revealed the dominance of Euryarchaeota (48.6%) and Bathyarchaeota (45.9%) among the Archaea. The relative abundances of Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes increased from 38.3 to 2.0%, respectively, in the L1 ecosystem to 42.1 and 12.9%, correspondingly, in L2. Unclassified Eukarya_uc_p (50.4%) and Fungi_uc (16.0%) were key players among the fungi kingdom in L2. The impact of the TWW on the microbiome was evident with the extinction of 6,249, 32,272, and 10,029 species of archaea, bacteria, and fungi, respectively. Whereas, 35,157, 32,394, and 7,291 species of archaea, bacteria, and fungi, correspondingly, exclusively found in L2 were assumed to be invading resident communities that combined with dominant autochthonous strains in shaping the ecophysiology dynamics in TWW-impacted freshwater. While the sensitive microorganisms in L2 are suggested bio-indicators of TWW ecotoxicity, the emergent and dominant taxa are pivotal to natural attenuation processes in the contaminated ecosystem that could be adopted for biotechnological strategy in decommissioning the TWW-impacted freshwater.

scholarly journals Performances of Anoxic- Aerobic Membrane Bioreactors for The Treatment of Real Textile Wastewater

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Membrane Bioreactors ◽  
Color Removal ◽  
Toc Removal ◽  
Recycle Ratio ◽  
Operation Period ◽  
The Impact

<p>Wastewater from textile industry is considered one of the major environmental challenges due to the large volume of highly colored, polluted and toxic effluent. This study investigated the treatability of real textile wastewater by pilot-scale anoxic-aerobic Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) system without sludge wasting for operation period of 100 days. The proposed system was investigated under different Internal Recycle (IR) ratios and the impact of IR ratio on Total Organic Carbon (TOC), Total Nitrogen (TN) and Color removals were examined. Under IR ratios between anoxic and aerobic tanks of 0.0, 0.5 and 2.0, the respective average removal efficiency of TN was 20.9%,53.4% and 71.7%, whereas average color removal of 81%, 85% and 88%, respectively was noted. The results indicated that increase of recycle ratio from 0.5 to 2.0 enhanced TN removal to about 71% and color removal to above 85%. The IR between anoxic and aerobic tanks has a significant role in TN and color removal due its effect on the development of bacterial communities. On the other hand, the results indicate over 93% TOC removal, which was independent of IR ratio.</p>

scholarly journals Removal of Dye and COD from Textile Wastewater Using AOP (UV/O3, UV/H2O2, O3/H2O2 and UV/H2O2/O3)

2018 ◽  
pp. 621-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehrangiz Pourgholi ◽  
Reza Masoomi Jahandizi ◽  
Mohammadbagher Miranzadeh ◽  
Ommolbanin Hassan Beigi ◽  
Samaneh Dehghan
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Dye Removal ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Advanced Oxidation ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Batch System ◽  
Industry Effluent

Introduction: Textile industry effluent is a complex sewage with chemical and color materials that is discharged into the environment and can cause serious problems. In this way using advanced oxidation methods and finding the best methods for removing color materials is necessary. An experimental method was done on Kashan textile industry effluent in laboratory scale and batch system. Material and Methods: Initially, optimal condition was obtained for O3 and H2O2 and followed by advanced oxidation methods (UV/O3, UV/H2O2, O3/H2O2 and UV/H2O2/O3) in different reaction times and pH on dye removal and COD (chemical oxygen demand) were determined. The results were compared with complex repetition method. Results: The results of this research showed that dye removal impact and COD based on the type of process and reaction time in UV/H2O2/O3 by 30 minute time duration, was the most effective method. UV/H2O2 in 10 minute time duration was the least effective method. COD and color removal, based on the process in UV/H2O2/O3 and pH = 6 was the most effective. The effect of UV/H2O2 and pH = 4 was the least efficient method on dye material removing. Results showed that the treatment time was effective on color removing (P < 0/001) statistically. Conclusion: It can be concluded that UV/H2O2/O3 was the most efficient on color removing process, compared to the others, due to co-incidence presence of strongly numerous oxidants and their aggravating effect through producing active hydroxyl radicals (OH˚).

scholarly journals Treatment of Textile Wastewater by CAS, MBR, and MBBR: A Comparative Study from Technical, Economic, and Environmental Perspectives

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1306
Author(s):  
Xuefei Yang ◽  
Víctor López-Grimau ◽  
Mercedes Vilaseca ◽  
Martí Crespi
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Efficient Technology ◽  
Conventional Activated Sludge ◽  
Large Water ◽  
Dyed Fabrics

In this study, three different biological methods—a conventional activated sludge (CAS) system, membrane bioreactor (MBR), and moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR)—were investigated to treat textile wastewater from a local industry. The results showed that technically, MBR was the most efficient technology, of which the chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), and color removal efficiency were 91%, 99.4%, and 80%, respectively, with a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 1.3 days. MBBR, on the other hand, had a similar COD removal performance compared with CAS (82% vs. 83%) with halved HRT (1 day vs. 2 days) and 73% of TSS removed, while CAS had 66%. Economically, MBBR was a more attractive option for an industrial-scale plant since it saved 68.4% of the capital expenditures (CAPEX) and had the same operational expenditures (OPEX) as MBR. The MBBR system also had lower environmental impacts compared with CAS and MBR processes in the life cycle assessment (LCA) study, since it reduced the consumption of electricity and decolorizing agent with respect to CAS. According to the results of economic and LCA analyses, the water treated by the MBBR system was reused to make new dyeings because water reuse in the textile industry, which is a large water consumer, could achieve environmental and economic benefits. The quality of new dyed fabrics was within the acceptable limits of the textile industry.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation of Chlorella vulgaris and Enterobacter sp. MN17 for Decolorization and Removal of Heavy Metals from Textile Wastewater

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3034
Author(s):  
Muhammad Mubashar ◽  
Muhammad Naveed ◽  
Adnan Mustafa ◽  
Sobia Ashraf ◽  
Khurram Shehzad Baig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Chlorella Vulgaris ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Coloring Agents

The present study evaluated the performance of microalgae Chlorella vulgaris in an Enterobacter sp. MN17-assisted textile industry wastewater treatment system for decolorization, removal of heavy metals (Cu, Cr, Pb, and Cd), and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Different dilutions (5, 10, and 20%) of wastewater were prepared to decrease the pollutant toxicity for culturing microalgae and bacteria. Reduction of color, COD, and metal contents by microalgal treatment of wastewater varied greatly, while removal efficiency (RE) was significantly enhanced when endophytic bacterial strain MN17 inoculum was applied. Most notable, results were found at a 5% dilution level by Enterobacter sp. MN17-inoculated C. vulgaris medium, as chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), and lead (Pb) concentrations were decreased from 1.32 to 0.27 mg L−1 (79% decrease), 0.79–0.14 mg L−1 (93% decrease), 1.33–0.36 mg L−1 (72% decrease), and 1.2–0.25 mg L−1 (79% decrease), respectively. The values of COD and color were also significantly decreased by 74% and 70%, respectively, by a C. vulgaris–Enterobacter sp. MN17 consortium. The present investigation revealed that bacterial inoculation of microalgae significantly enhanced the removal of coloring agents and heavy metals from textile wastewater by stimulating the growth of algal biomass. This study manifested the usefulness of microalgae–bacterial mutualism for the remediation of heavy metals, COD, and color in industrial effluents. Microalgae consortia with growth promoting bacteria could be a breakthrough for better bioremediation and bioprocess economy. Thus, further studies are needed for successful integration of microalgae–plant growth promoting bacterial (PGPB) consortium for wastewater treatments.

scholarly journals Bioefficacies of microbes for mitigation of Azo dyes in textile industry effluent: A review

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 9858-9881
Author(s):  
Ambika Saxena ◽  
Sarika Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Azo Dyes ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Dye Degradation ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Textile Dyeing ◽  
Industry Effluent ◽  
The Impact

In recent years, India has emerged as a promising industrial hub. It has a cluster of textile, dyeing, and printing industries. The adjoining rivers/water bodies receive mostly untreated discharge from these industries. Textile industrial effluent contains various contaminants (dyes, heavy metals, toxicants, and other organic/inorganic dissolved solids) that alter the physico-chemical properties of adjoining land and waterbodies in which it is discharged, thereby degrading the water quality and subsequently affecting the landscapes in the vicinity. This ultimately affects the flora and fauna of the locale and has adverse effects on human health. Out of the total dyes (approximately 10,000 dyes) exploited in the textile dyeing and printing units, azo dyes possess a complex structure and are synthetic in origin. They contribute nearly 70% to the total effluent discharge. Biological processes are based on the ability of inhabiting indigenous microorganisms in these contaminated environments to tolerate, resist, decolorize/degrade, and mitigate the recalcitrant compounds. Exploring microbes with higher efficacy of azo dye degradation can reduce the amount of chemical discharged from the process. The present review explores the potential of microbial diversity for the development of an effective bioremediation approach. The review also includes the impact of azo dyes on the flora and fauna, as well as conventional and microbe-assisted nanoparticle technology for treatment of the textile wastewater targeting the degradation of dye contaminants.

scholarly journals Portrayal of Textile Based Pollutants and its Impact on Soil, Plants and Fisheries

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Riza ◽  
M. N. Ehsan ◽  
S. Hoque
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Textile Processing ◽  
Textile Effluents ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Impact

The textile industry occupies a significant hold on the global economy. This substantial industry often generates a large volume of effluents exceeding the permissible limit of discharge in the different regions of the world. Therefore, textile effluents act as pollutants altering the natural composition of various components of the environment. This paper discusses the impact of textile-based pollutants on agriculture including plants, soil, water and fisheries. The observed result is significant because textile effluents exert a widespread negative impact on the respective respondents, though plants show few positive effects. Prior treatment of textile wastewater is necessary before applying it to the soil, as there is a possibility of affecting the plant ecosystem via soil media. Plants are benefitted in terms of germination and growth, due to irrigation by textile effluents with proper dilution. The physical and biochemical properties of water streams along with aquatic organisms are impacted by these specific discharges, leading to even severe deterioration of particular living creatures. Pollutants released from various steps of textile processing have adverse effects on the environment, disturbing the food chain, ecosystem, and overall ecological balance.

scholarly journals Decontamination of industrial textile wastewater using photocatalysis

DYNA ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 83 (196) ◽  
pp. 80-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Herney Ramirez ◽  
Hugo Ricardo Zea
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Total Surface Area ◽  
Area Measurement ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Photocatalytic Reactions

<p>Iron-doped TiO<sub>2</sub> catalysts were prepared by impregnation in order to study their photocatalytic activity in the treatment of wastewater from the textile industry. Characterization of the catalysts before and after reaction was performed using techniques including total surface area measurement, X-Ray diffraction and elemental analysis via X-Ray fluorescence. Varying pH conditions, H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> concentrations and catalyst quantities were evaluated during the photocatalytic reactions. Fe-TiO<sub>2</sub> catalysts were shown to be highly active in the reduction of chemical oxygen demand (% COD) and % color reduction in the water treated.</p>

scholarly journals Microorganisms in metalworking fluids: Current issues in research and management

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Trafny
Keyword(s):  
Metal Industry ◽  
Metalworking Fluids ◽  
Respiratory Disorder ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Very High ◽  
Coolant System

AbstractThe microbial contamination of water miscible metalworking fluids (MWFs) is a serious problem in metal industry. A good maintenance of MWF re-circulation systems can extend the lifetime of coolants and ensure the quality of the tools produced. In MWFs, as in the other water-based environments, microorganisms usually live in the form of biofilms, the communities of bacteria and fungi attached to the surface of sumps, metal parts and also to each other. Biofilms exhibit very high resistance to biocides. The effect of biocides that are used as additives to MWFs to control the growth of the bacterial and fungal microbiomes (microorganisms characteristic to the individual coolant system) have become the subject of research only in recent years. There are also only sparse reports on the impact of biocides on microorganisms growing in biofilms in MWF installations. Fast growing mycobacteria are important members of these biofilm communities. Their presence has recently been linked with the occurrence of cases of hypersensitivity pneumonitis, a serious respiratory disorder in the metal industry employees. The new, relatively fast and inexpensive techniques to assess the species diversity within MWF microbiomes and their population size should be developed in order to control the microorganisms’ proliferation in MWFs and to diminish the occupational exposure to harmful bioaerosols in metal industry.

scholarly journals Recovery of Biologically Treated Textile Wastewater by Ozonation and Subsequent Bipolar Membrane Electrodialysis Process

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 900
Author(s):  
Burak Yuzer ◽  
Huseyin Selcuk
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Bipolar Membrane ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Bipolar Membrane Electrodialysis ◽  
Pre Treatment

The Bipolar Membrane Electrodialysis process (BPMED) can produce valuable chemicals such as acid (HCl, H2SO4, etc.) and base (NaOH) from saline and brackish waters under the influence of an electrical field. In this study, BPMED was used to recover wastewater and salt in biologically treated textile wastewater (BTTWW). BPMED process, with and without pre-treatment (softening and ozonation), was evaluated under different operational conditions. Water quality parameters (color, remaining total organic carbon, hardness, etc.) in the acid, base and filtrated effluents of the BPMED process were evaluated for acid, base, and wastewater reuse purposes. Ozone oxidation decreased 90% of color and 37% of chemical oxygen demand (COD) in BTTWW. As a result, dye fouling on the anion exchange membrane of the BPMED process was reduced. Subsequently, over 90% desalination efficiency was achieved in a shorter period. Generated acid, base, and effluent wastewater of the BPMED process were found to be reusable in wet textile processes. Results indicated that pre-ozonation and subsequent BPMED membrane systems might be a promising solution in converging to a zero discharge approach in the textile industry.

scholarly journals Alternative Method for Treatment of Wastewater in Textile industry : Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 385-390
Author(s):  
V. S. Agrawal ◽  
S. Jadhav
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
The Self ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
Purification Process ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
Very High

In the early days of industrial revolution the waste water generated was simply passed to water bodies like rivers, wells, etc. which was fine for that time as the amount of wastewater generated was very less. The process of dilution was the principle and water purification used to take place by surrounding environment of water called as self-purification of streams. But as soon as the more and more industries were established it was seen that the self-purification process fails to purify water because the quantity of wastewater flown in water bodies was much more than its capacity to purify it. Hence there was a need of effluent treatment plants. Textile industry creates a lot of wastewater having very high amount of color. The color present in water reduces its acceptability aesthetically. Also the color present in water hampers the process of photosynthesis for the plants and other photosynthetic species if directly discharged in water bodies. The textile wastewater also has very high pH, COD, BOD

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