scholarly journals Paracrine Behaviors Arbitrate Parasite-Like Interactions Between Tumor Subclones

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Noble ◽  
Viola Walther ◽  
Christian Roumestand ◽  
Michael E. Hochberg ◽  
Urszula Hibner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Mammary Cancer ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Treatment Resistance ◽  
Tumor Growth Rate ◽  
Intratumor Heterogeneity ◽  
Cellular Interactions ◽  
Mammary Cancer Cell

Explaining the emergence and maintenance of intratumor heterogeneity is an important question in cancer biology. Tumor cells can generate considerable subclonal diversity, which influences tumor growth rate, treatment resistance, and metastasis, yet we know remarkably little about how cells from different subclones interact. Here, we confronted two murine mammary cancer cell lines to determine both the nature and mechanisms of subclonal cellular interactions in vitro. Surprisingly, we found that, compared to monoculture, growth of the “winner” was enhanced by the presence of the “loser” cell line, whereas growth of the latter was reduced. Mathematical modeling and laboratory assays indicated that these interactions are mediated by the production of paracrine metabolites resulting in the winner subclone effectively “farming” the loser. Our findings add a new level of complexity to the mechanisms underlying subclonal growth dynamics.

scholarly journals Paracrine behaviors arbitrate parasite-like interactions between tumor subclones

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Noble ◽  
Viola Walther ◽  
Christian Roumestand ◽  
Urszula Hibner ◽  
Michael E. Hochberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Mammary Cancer ◽  
Tumour Growth ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Treatment Resistance ◽  
Cellular Interactions ◽  
Mammary Cancer Cell ◽  
Tumour Growth Rate

AbstractExplaining the emergence and maintenance of intratumour heterogeneity is an important question in cancer biology. Tumour cells can generate considerable subclonal diversity, which influences tumour growth rate, treatment resistance and metastasis, yet we know remarkably little about how cells from different subclones interact. Here, we confronted two murine mammary cancer cell lines to determine both the nature and mechanisms of subclonal cellular interactions in vitro. Surprisingly, we found that compared to monoculture, growth of the ‘winner’ was enhanced by the presence of the ‘loser’ cell line, whereas growth of the latter was reduced. Our assays indicated that these interactions are mediated by the production of paracrine metabolites resulting in the winner subclone effectively ‘farming’ the loser. Our findings add a new level of complexity to the mechanisms underlying the subclonal growth dynamics and suggest that in vivo tumour interactions could be more diverse than previously thought..

scholarly journals P2X7 Receptor Promotes Mouse Mammary Cancer Cell Invasiveness and Tumour Progression, and Is a Target for Anticancer Treatment

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucie Brisson ◽  
Stéphanie Chadet ◽  
Osbaldo Lopez-Charcas ◽  
Bilel Jelassi ◽  
David Ternant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
P2x7 Receptor ◽  
Mammary Cancer ◽  
Tumour Progression ◽  
Mammary Cancer Cell ◽  
Cell Invasiveness ◽  
Cancer Cell Invasiveness

The P2X7 receptor is an ATP-gated cation channel with a still ambiguous role in cancer progression, proposed to be either pro- or anti-cancerous, depending on the cancer or cell type in the tumour. Its role in mammary cancer progression is not yet defined. Here, we show that P2X7 receptor is functional in highly aggressive mammary cancer cells, and induces a change in cell morphology with fast F-actin reorganization and formation of filopodia, and promotes cancer cell invasiveness through both 2- and 3-dimensional extracellular matrices in vitro. Furthermore, P2X7 receptor sustains Cdc42 activity and the acquisition of a mesenchymal phenotype. In an immunocompetent mouse mammary cancer model, we reveal that the expression of P2X7 receptor in cancer cells, but not in the host mice, promotes tumour growth and metastasis development, which were reduced by treatment with specific P2X7 antagonists. Our results demonstrate that P2X7 receptor drives mammary tumour progression and represents a pertinent target for mammary cancer treatment.

scholarly journals Toxoplasma gondii destroys Her2/Neu-expressing mammary cancer cells in vitro using a continuous feed medium approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 1204-1209
Author(s):  
Esra Atalay Şahar ◽  
Mert Döşkaya ◽  
Muhammet Karakavuk ◽  
Hüseyin Can ◽  
Aytül Gül ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Mammary Cancer ◽  
Mammary Cancer Cell ◽  
Continuous Feed ◽  
Feed Medium ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Mammary Cancer Cells

Introduction: Toxoplasma gondii is an opportunistic protozoan and can be grown using several human cell lines. Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in women. Her2/Neu-expressing mammary cancer cell lines called TUBO can be grown in vitro. In recent years, protozoan parasites have become popular means of use in cancer therapy research. In this study, we analyzed whether T. gondii tachyzoites can destroy TUBO cells using a novel continuous feed medium approach. Methodology: Two sets of flasks (each containing four groups) containing TUBO cells were inoculated with T. gondii Ankara strain tachyzoites. First set containing 5×106 TUBO cells were inoculated with TUBO-tachyzoite ratios of 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, and 4:1 and second set containing 1×106 TUBO cells were inoculated with TUBO-tachyzoite ratios of 10:1, 100:1, 1000:1, and 2000:1. Thereafter, culture supernatants were harvested at various days until TUBO cells were destroyed and tachyzoites were counted. Results: In the first and second sets of flasks, TUBO cells were destroyed between days 8 to 12 and 12 to 25, respectively. In addition, the amount of tachyzoites increased 7- 43 and 595 to 112500 times in the first and second set of flasks, respectively. Conclusions: These results show that T. gondii tachyzoites successfully destroy Her2/Neu-expressing mammary cancer cells using a continuous feed medium approach. Although this idea may be too premature for the moment, the approach defined herein may support future researchers investigating the relationship between cancer and parasites which can make important progress toward saving cancer patient lives.

scholarly journals Evaluation of TFR-1 Expression in Feline Mammary Cancer and In Vitro Antitumor Efficacy Study of Doxorubicin-Loaded H-Ferritin Nanocages

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1248
Author(s):  
Nicolò Rensi ◽  
Alessandro Sammarco ◽  
Valentina Moccia ◽  
Alessandro Calore ◽  
Filippo Torrigiani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Solid Tumors ◽  
Mammary Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Metastatic Progression ◽  
Mammary Cancer Cell ◽  
Transferrin Receptor 1 ◽  
Preliminary Study

The transferrin receptor 1 (TFR-1) has been found overexpressed in a broad range of solid tumors in humans and is, therefore, attracting great interest in clinical oncology for innovative targeted therapies, including nanomedicine. TFR-1 is recognized by H-Ferritin (HFn) and has been exploited to allow selective binding and drug internalization, applying an HFn nanocage loaded with doxorubicin (HFn(DOX)). In veterinary medicine, the role of TFR-1 in animal cancers remains poorly explored, and no attempts to use TFR-1 as a target for drug delivery have been conducted so far. In this study, we determined the TFR-1 expression both in feline mammary carcinomas during tumor progression, as compared to healthy tissue, and, in vitro, in a feline metastatic mammary cancer cell line. The efficacy of HFn(DOX) was compared to treatment with conventional doxorubicin in feline mammary cancer cells. Our results highlighted an increased TFR-1 expression associated with tumor metastatic progression, indicating a more aggressive behavior. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the use of HFn(DOX) resulted in less proliferation of cells and increased apoptosis when compared to the drug alone. The results of this preliminary study suggest that the use of engineered bionanocages also offers unprecedented opportunities for selective targeted chemotherapy of solid tumors in veterinary medicine.

scholarly journals A Novel Canine Mammary Cancer Cell Line: Preliminary Identification and Utilization for Drug Screening Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rifei Li ◽  
Haoxian Wu ◽  
Yue Sun ◽  
Jingru Zhu ◽  
Jun Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Primary Tumor ◽  
Mammary Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Mammary Cancer Cell ◽  
Canine Mammary Cancer ◽  
Mammary Cancer Cell Line

Canine malignant mammary tumor is a dangerously fatal neoplastic disease with poor survival in female dogs. The aim of this study was to preliminary characterize a novel canine mammary cancer cell line, B-CMT, from canine primary mammary gland tumor, and to utilize it as a cell model for in vitro screening of possible therapeutic drugs. The successfully established cell line, B-CMT, was cultured over 50 passages. B-CMT has a fast proliferation rate, and a population doubling time (PDT) of 33.6 h. The B-CMT cell line lacked human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2), estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) expression by qRT-PCR. Compared with MDCK cells, CDH1 expression of CMT cell line was significantly decreased or even absent, but GATA3 expression dramatically increased, while TGF-β expression was at a similar level. Interestingly, the B-CMT cell line from canine primary tumor also showed positive hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) results in immunofluorescence (IF), western blot, and qRT-PCR analysis. Ten days post inoculation with EGFP-B-CMT (B-CMT cells stably expressing EGFP), the experimental mice developed palpable soft tissue masses which histologically resembled the canine primary tumor, and was approved to be derived from B-CMT cell line through detection of EGFP by immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis. Moreover, we investigated the cytotoxicity of five drugs to B-CMT cells, and the results showed that rapamycin and imatinib significantly inhibited the proliferation of the cells in vitro within a certain range of concentration. They also induced cell cycle arrest of B-CMT cells at G1 and G2 phase, respectively. In summary, the results of this report showed that B-CMT cell line might serve as a tool for future studies on tumor microenvironment and drug resistance.

Correlated Studies of Cellular Interactions Using TEM, Freeze Etching, and SEM

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 320-321
Author(s):  
J. P. Revel
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cell Movement ◽  
Cellular Interactions ◽  
Serial Sections ◽  
Cell Sheets ◽  
Freeze Etching ◽  
Early Developmental

Movement of individual cells or of cell sheets and complex patterns of folding play a prominent role in the early developmental stages of the embryo. Our understanding of these processes is based on three- dimensional reconstructions laboriously prepared from serial sections, and from autoradiographic and other studies. Many concepts have also evolved from extrapolation of investigations of cell movement carried out in vitro. The scanning electron microscope now allows us to examine some of these events in situ. It is possible to prepare dissections of embryos and even of tissues of adult animals which reveal existing relationships between various structures more readily than used to be possible vithout an SEM.

3D Culture Modelling: An Emerging Approach for Translational Cancer Research in Sarcomas

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (29) ◽  
pp. 4778-4788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Heredia-Soto ◽  
Andrés Redondo ◽  
José Juan Pozo Kreilinger ◽  
Virginia Martínez-Marín ◽  
Alberto Berjón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Culture ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Tumour Spheroids ◽  
Current Therapies

Sarcomas are tumours of mesenchymal origin, which can arise in bone or soft tissues. They are rare but frequently quite aggressive and with a poor outcome. New approaches are needed to characterise these tumours and their resistance mechanisms to current therapies, responsible for tumour recurrence and treatment failure. This review is focused on the potential of three-dimensional (3D) in vitro models, including multicellular tumour spheroids (MCTS) and organoids, and the latest data about their utility for the study on important properties for tumour development. The use of spheroids as a particularly valuable alternative for compound high throughput screening (HTS) in different areas of cancer biology is also discussed, which enables the identification of new therapeutic opportunities in commonly resistant tumours.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document