scholarly journals The Immune System Can Hear Noise

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andi Zhang ◽  
Tianyuan Zou ◽  
Dongye Guo ◽  
Quan Wang ◽  
Yilin Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
The Body ◽  
Intensity Noise ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Non Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Exposure During Pregnancy

As a stressor widely existing in daily life, noise can cause great alterations to the immune system and result in many physical and mental disorders, including noise-induced deafness, sleep disorders, cardiovascular diseases, endocrine diseases and other problems. The immune system plays a major role in maintaining homeostasis by recognizing and removing harmful substances in the body. Many studies have shown that noise may play vital roles in the occurrence and development of some immune diseases. In humans, both innate immunity and specific immunity can be influenced by noise, and different exposure durations and intensities of noise may exert various effects on the immune system. Short-term or low-intensity noise can enhance immune function, while long-term or high-intensity noise suppresses it. Noise can lead to the occurrence of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) through the production of autoantibodies such as anti-Hsp70 and anti-Hsp60 and exert adverse effects related to other immune-related diseases such as some autoimmune diseases and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The neuroendocrine system, mainly including the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the sympathetic-adrenal-medullary (SAM) system, is involved in the mechanisms of immune-related diseases induced by noise and gut microbiota dysfunction. In addition, noise exposure during pregnancy may be harmful to the immune system of the fetus. On the other hand, some studies have shown that music can improve immune function and alleviate the adverse effects caused by noise.

Effect of short-term and long-term traffic noise exposure on the thyroid gland in adult rats: a sexual dimorphic study

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shima Ababzadeh ◽  
Fatemeh-Sadat Razavinia ◽  
Mohsen Eslami Farsani ◽  
Sorush Sharifimoghadam ◽  
Azam Moslehi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
The Body ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The One

AbstractObjectivesTraffic noise, as one of the noise types, is a widespread feature of the urban environments. Traffic noise exposure can lead to hearing loss, hypertension, obesity and ischemic heart diseases. Thyroid hormones involved in the physiological and pathological conditions of the body. Therefore, this study was designed to aim the evaluation of traffic noise effects on thyroid hormones secretion and thyroid tissue structure.MethodsSeventy two males and females wistar rats were used in this study. After one week adaptation, they divided randomly into 12 groups; the control, short term (one day) and long term (one, two, three and four weeks) groups. Traffic sound was recorded, adjusted and played (86 dB) for animals. Female rats’ cycle estrus was matched. At the end of experiment, the animals were anesthetized and cardiac blood sample was drawn. Thyroid tissue was then removed. Levels of the T3, T4, TSH, corticosterone and H&E staining were measured. p<0.05 considered to be statistically significant.ResultsFindings showed that in the one-day group, T3 levels increased and T3 levels decreased in the long term groups (p<0.05). In the same way, concentration of TSH decreased in the one day, while they increased in the one, two, three and four weeks’ groups (p<0.05). Histopathological evaluations showed that in the female and male animals, long-term traffic noise increased the full follicles and decreased empty follicles (p<0.05).ConclusionsThis study revealed that traffic noise exposure led to increase of T3 plasma concentration and decrement of TSH level, although in the long term, they return to basal status. It may be due to adaptation to traffic noise.

Nutritional Recommendation for COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 753-757
Author(s):  
Anagha Gulhane ◽  
Shamli Hiware
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
The Body ◽  
Health Issue ◽  
System Quality ◽  
Life Phase ◽  
Global Health Issue ◽  
Nutritional Recommendation

It is the most unreliable truth that anybody can get infected by the COVID-19, and nobody can escape from the danger of getting tainted by the virus. Yet, the line of hope is that anyone and everyone can boost their resistance, thus avoid the risk of getting affected by the illness. The immunity of humans pulls down as they grow older. If their immune system is robust, them falling sick is feeble. If their resistance is weak, them getting ill is sound. Several factors affect the immune system and its ability, including its nourishment. A two-way connection between nutrition, infection and immunity presents. Changes in one part will affect the others part in our body that's the nature's rule. Well defined immune system quality which is present between each life phase may influence the type, generality and the degree of infections. At the same time, low nutrition to the body will decrease the immune function and expose the body to the danger of getting infected by infectious diseases. Different quantity of micronutrients is required for increasing the immunity power of our body. Generally the vitamins A,C,D,E,B2,B6,B12, iron, zinc and selenium.The deficiencies of micronutrients are acknowledged as a global health issue, and also low nutrition makes it prone to establishes the infections in the body.

Oil pollution and fisheries

1982 ◽  
Vol 297 (1087) ◽  
pp. 401-411 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Fish Stocks ◽  
Local Impacts ◽  
Reduced Water ◽  
Long Term Adverse Effects

The term ‘pollution’ is taken in its broadest sense and effects are recognized to be due to interference, tainting and toxicity. Each of these types of impact is discussed and assessed. It is concluded that no long-term adverse effects on fish stocks can be attributed to oil but that local impacts can be extremely damaging in the short term and that produce from specific localities can be tainted and unmarketable for long periods. In some coastal areas oil can be one among several contributors to reduced water quality, and the implications of this are discussed.

scholarly journals Future of Solid Organ Transplantation: Organ-Specific Tolerance

KIDNEYS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 130-136
Author(s):  
Yusuf Ercin Sonmez
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Solid Organ Transplantation ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
Immunological Tolerance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Donor Organ ◽  
Organ Specific ◽  
Specific Tolerance

A transplant between two people who are not genetically identical is called an allotransplant and the process is called allotransplantation. Donor organs and tissues can be from people who are living, or people who have died because of a significant brain injury or lack of circulation. Allotransplantation can create a rejection process where the immune system of the recipient attacks the foreign donor organ or tissue and destroys it. The recipient may need to take immunosuppressive medication for the rest of their life to reduce the risk of rejection of the donated organ. In general, deliberately induced immunosuppression is performed to prevent the body from rejecting an organ transplant. The adverse effects associated with these agents and the risks of long-term immunosuppression present a number of challenges for the clinician. Immune tolerance, or immunological tolerance, or immunotolerance, is a state of unresponsiveness of the immune system to substances or tissue that have the capacity to elicit an immune response in a given organism.

scholarly journals Lalabet Financial Analysis: Study of Islamic Economics at Micro Level

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 233-244
Author(s):  
Ainorrofiqie Ainorrofiqie ◽  
Umrotul Khasanah ◽  
Akhmad Djalaluddin
Keyword(s):  
Financial Management ◽  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
The Body ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Family ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Village

This research aims to explore the model of financial management tradition Lalabet in the village of Babbalan District Batuan Sumenep. This study is based on the fact that occurred in the community about the implementation of traditions carried out by the heirs to family members who died. Interpretative qualitative research is used and an in-depth understanding of a problem that occurs is emphasized more. Based on the results of this study, the financial management tradition Lalabet can be done based on accounting equations. The accounts contained in the accounting equation is not used in its entirety and are reported as are generally financial statements. In this case, the source of funds in carrying out Lalabet tradition is sourced from personal money, money and donations from the family, money from Muslimat, debt, and money or goods from Lalabet's proceeds. The impact is the onset of debt both short-term and long-term. While the expenditure is in the form of costs in taking care of the body, costs for tahlilan (petto'arean), pa'polo, nyatos, nyataon, nyaebu, mangaji, ngin-tangin, nyalenin mayyid, and ajege makam (kep-sekep).

scholarly journals Renewing the Body of Christ: Sharing of Ministries Abroad (SOMA) USA and Transnational Charismatic Anglicanism, 1978–1998

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 1243-1266
Author(s):  
JOHN MAIDEN
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Body Of Christ ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Global Mission ◽  
National Body ◽  
Global North ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Global Church ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

Sharing of Ministries Abroad (SOMA) was formed in the late 1970s as an international organization for the cultivation of charismatic renewal amongst leaderships within the global Anglican Communion. This article explores the ethos and activities of its American national body. It argues that its short term, cross-cultural missions increasingly displayed mutuality and long-term partnership rather than one-directional American influence, and thus reflected a developing shift in the understanding and practice of global mission in the late twentieth century. The organiztion shaped awareness of the global Church amongst some US Episcopalians and constructed an influential transnational network within charismatic Anglicanism. Furthermore, SOMA's network was one context for the emergence of global North–South conservative solidarity in the politics of the Anglican Communion.

Dermal filler migration complications following lip augmentation procedures

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 276-281
Author(s):  
Danielle Davy
Keyword(s):  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dermal Filler ◽  
Dermal Fillers ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Lip Augmentation ◽  
Permanent Fillers

Filler migration is a rare complication of dermal filler treatment. Although most research has found that more permanent fillers, such as silicone, are more likely to migrate due to their long-term presence in the body, there have also been reported cases of filler migration from short-term hyaluronic acid-based dermal fillers. As lip augmentation procedures are fast becoming one of the most frequently requested treatments in medical aesthetics, this article looks at the longevity of hyaluronic acid lip dermal fillers, while also aiming to assess the cause of dermal filler post-treatment migration and evaluating how to minimise its risk.

scholarly journals A Review of Micronutrients and the Immune System–Working in Harmony to Reduce the Risk of Infection

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian F. Gombart ◽  
Adeline Pierre ◽  
Silvia Maggini
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
The Body ◽  
Proper Function ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Vitamin C Deficiency ◽  
Iron Copper ◽  
Physical Barriers ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Contradictory Data

Immune support by micronutrients is historically based on vitamin C deficiency and supplementation in scurvy in early times. It has since been established that the complex, integrated immune system needs multiple specific micronutrients, including vitamins A, D, C, E, B6, and B12, folate, zinc, iron, copper, and selenium, which play vital, often synergistic roles at every stage of the immune response. Adequate amounts are essential to ensure the proper function of physical barriers and immune cells; however, daily micronutrient intakes necessary to support immune function may be higher than current recommended dietary allowances. Certain populations have inadequate dietary micronutrient intakes, and situations with increased requirements (e.g., infection, stress, and pollution) further decrease stores within the body. Several micronutrients may be deficient, and even marginal deficiency may impair immunity. Although contradictory data exist, available evidence indicates that supplementation with multiple micronutrients with immune-supporting roles may modulate immune function and reduce the risk of infection. Micronutrients with the strongest evidence for immune support are vitamins C and D and zinc. Better design of human clinical studies addressing dosage and combinations of micronutrients in different populations are required to substantiate the benefits of micronutrient supplementation against infection.

scholarly journals New Scheme of Intermittent Benznidazole Administration in Patients Chronically Infected with Trypanosoma cruzi: a Pilot Short-Term Follow-Up Study with Adult Patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 833-837 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Gabriela Álvarez ◽  
Yolanda Hernández ◽  
Graciela Bertocchi ◽  
Marisa Fernández ◽  
Bruno Lococo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Main Criterion ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Chronic Chagas Disease

ABSTRACTThere is a clinical need to test new schemes of benznidazole administration that are expected to be at least as effective as the current therapeutic scheme but safer. This study assessed a new scheme of benznidazole administration in chronic Chagas disease patients. A pilot study with intermittent doses of benznidazole at 5 mg/kg/day in two daily doses every 5 days for a total of 60 days was designed. The main criterion of response was the comparison of quantitative PCR (qPCR) findings prior to and 1 week after the end of treatment. The safety profile was assessed by the rate of suspensions and severity of adverse effects. Twenty patients were analyzed for safety, while qPCR was tested for 17 of them. The average age was 43 ± 7.9 years; 55% were female. Sixty-five percent of treated subjects showed detectable qPCR results prior to treatment of 1.45 (0.63 to 2.81) and 2.1 (1.18 to 2.78) parasitic equivalents per milliliter of blood (par.eq/ml) for kinetoplastic DNA (kDNA) qPCR and nuclear repetitive sequence satellite DNA (SatDNA) qPCR, respectively. One patient showed detectable PCR at the end of treatment (1/17), corresponding to 6% treatment failure, compared with 11/17 (65%) patients pretreatment (P= 0.01). Adverse effects were present in 10/20 (50%) patients, but in only one case was treatment suspended. Eight patients showed mild adverse effects, whereas moderate reactions with increased liver enzymes were observed in two patients. The main accomplishment of this pilot study is the promising low rate of treatment suspension. Intermittent administration of benznidazole emerges a new potential therapeutic scheme, the efficacy of which should be confirmed by long-term assessment posttreatment.

Effectiveness of two tagging devices in the sea cucumber Holothuria (Halodeima) grisea

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 563
Author(s):  
Ruber Rodríguez-Barreras ◽  
Julián López-Morell ◽  
Alberto M. Sabat
Keyword(s):  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Body Wall ◽  
The Body ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Pit Tag ◽  
Sea Cucumbers ◽  
Pit Tags ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Long Term Studies

A reliable and harmless mark–recapture method provides valuable information for the management of commercial sea cucumber species. Nevertheless, marking and tracking sea cucumbers is notoriously difficult and represents a serious challenge. In this study, we tested one external and one internal tag in the sea cucumber Holothuria grisea. A passive integrated transponder (PIT) tag was inserted into the coelomic cavity in one treatment, whereas a T-bar (external tag) was attached in the upper surface of the body wall in the other treatment; sea cucumbers were then followed for 17 weeks. The tagging procedure caused no evisceration in the experimental groups, nor was a significant difference in growth rate found between treatments. The retention of the PIT tag was low, with 100% lost by Week 9. Retention of T-bars was higher, with 90% still attached by the end of the Week 8, but retention decreased thereafter as T-bar absorption increased. No relationship was found between initial weight and the number of weeks PIT tags (r=–0.173, P=0.781) or T-bars (r=–0.220, P=0.652) were retained. Neither the T-bar nor the PIT tags fulfilled the requirements of high retention required for long-term studies. However, we do recommend the use of T-bars for short-term studies for H. grisea under laboratory conditions or in a habitat with low substrate complexity.

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