scholarly journals Profile of Immunoglobulin G N-Glycome in COVID-19 Patients: A Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haifeng Hou ◽  
Huan Yang ◽  
Pengcheng Liu ◽  
Changwu Huang ◽  
Meng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Hydrophilic Interaction ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Alternative Complement ◽  
Dependent Cell ◽  
Control Study

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains a major health challenge globally. Previous studies have suggested that changes in the glycosylation of IgG are closely associated with the severity of COVID-19. This study aimed to compare the profiles of IgG N-glycome between COVID-19 patients and healthy controls. A case-control study was conducted, in which 104 COVID-19 patients and 104 age- and sex-matched healthy individuals were recruited. Serum IgG N-glycome composition was analyzed by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography with the ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (HILIC-UPLC) approach. COVID-19 patients have a decreased level of IgG fucosylation, which upregulates antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity (ADCC) in acute immune responses. In severe cases, a low level of IgG sialylation contributes to the ADCC-regulated enhancement of inflammatory cytokines. The decreases in sialylation and galactosylation play a role in COVID-19 pathogenesis via the activation of the lectin-initiated alternative complement pathway. IgG N-glycosylation underlines the complex clinical phenotypes of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

scholarly journals The association of tryptophan and phenylalanine are associated with arsenic-induced skin lesions in a Chinese population chronically exposed to arsenic via drinking water: a case–control study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e025336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaping Wei ◽  
Chaonan Jia ◽  
Yuan Lan ◽  
Xiangqing Hou ◽  
Jingjing Zuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Hetao Plain ◽  
Control Study

ObjectivesWe investigated the association of specific serum amino acids (AAs) with the odds of arsenic-induced skin lesions (AISL) and their ability to distinguish patients with AISL from people chronically exposed to arsenic.DesignCase–control study.SettingThree arsenic-exposed villages in Wuyuan County, Hetao Plain, Inner Mongolia, China were evaluated.ParticipantsAmong the 450 residents aged 18–79 years, who were chronically exposed to arsenic via drinking water, 56 were diagnosed as having AISL (defined as cases). Another 56 participants without AISL, matched by gender and age (±1 year) from the same population, were examined as controls.Main outcome measures and methodsAA levels were determined by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry-based metabolomics analysis. Potential confounding variables were identified via a standardised questionnaire and clinical examination. Multivariable conditional logistic regression model and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were performed to investigate the relationship between specific AAs and AISL.ResultsTryptophan and phenylalanine levels were negatively associated with AISL (p<0.05). Compared with that in the first quartile, the adjusted OR of AISL in the second, third and fourth quartiles were decreased by 44%, 88% and 79% for tryptophan and 30%, 80% and 80% for phenylalanine, respectively. The combination of these two higher-level AAs showed the lowest OR for AISL (OR=0.08; 95% CI 0.02 to 0.25; p<0.001). Furthermore, both AAs showed a moderate ability to distinguish patients with AISL from the control, with the area under the curve (AUC; 95% CI) as 0.67 (0.57 to 0.77) for tryptophan and 0.70 (0.60 to 0.80) for phenylalanine (p<0.05). The combined pattern with AUC (95% CI) was 0.72 (0.62 to 0.81), showing a sensitivity of 76.79% and specificity of 58.93% (p<0.001).ConclusionsSpecific AAs may be linked to AISL and play important roles in early AISL identification.Trial Registration numberNCT02235948.

scholarly journals A case–control study of factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection among healthcare workers in Colombia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Merida Rodriguez-Lopez ◽  
Beatriz Parra ◽  
Enrique Vergara ◽  
Laura Rey ◽  
Mercedes Salcedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Healthcare Workers (HCW) are repeatedly exposed to SARS-CoV-2 infection. The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection among HCW in one of the largest cities in Colombia. Methods We conducted a case–control study, where cases had a positive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and controls had a negative result. Participants were randomly selected and interviewed by phone. Analyses were performed using logistic regression models. Results A total of 110 cases and 113 controls were included. Men (AdjOR 4.13 95% CI 1.70–10.05), Nurses (AdjOR 11.24 95% CI 1.05–119.63), not using a high-performance filtering mask (AdjOR 2.27 95% CI 1.02–5.05) and inadequate use of personal protective equipment (AdjOR 4.82 95% CI 1.18–19.65) were identified as risk factors. Conversely, graduate (AdjOR 0.06 95% CI 0.01–0.53) and postgraduate (AdjOR 0.05 95% CI 0.005–0.7) education, feeling scared or nervous (AdjOR 0.45 95% CI 0.22–0.91), not always wearing any gloves, caps and goggles/face shields (AdjOR 0.10 95% CI 0.02–0.41), and the use of high-performance filtering or a combination of fabric plus surgical mask (AdjOR 0.27 95% CI 0.09–0.80) outside the workplace were protective factors. Conclusion This study highlights the protection provided by high-performance filtering masks or double masking among HCW. Modifiable and non-modifiable factors and the difficulty of wearing other protective equipment needs to be considered in designing, implementing and monitoring COVID-19 biosafety protocols for HCW.

scholarly journals Utility of Th1-cell immune responses for distinguishing active tuberculosis from non-active tuberculosis: A case-control study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. e0177850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lifan Zhang ◽  
Xinhe Cheng ◽  
Sainan Bian ◽  
Yanhua Song ◽  
Qiang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Active Tuberculosis ◽  
Th1 Cell ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Low Plasma Iron Levels Associated to Drug Treatment in Polymedicated Patients: A Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
R. Lozano ◽  
A. Frutos ◽  
A. Apesteguía ◽  
A Martinez ◽  
M. E. Franco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Plasma Iron ◽  
Medicine Service ◽  
Control Study

Aim: To identify the drug class and/or duration of treatments causing hyposideremia. Study Design: Retrospective case-control study. Place and Duration of Study: Departments of Internal Medicine and Pharmacy, Aragón Health Services Services Hospital Real de Nuestra Señora de Gracia, between January 2019 and December 2019. Methodology: The records of prescripted medicines of all patients admitted to Internal Medicine  service, for various indications, along a 1-year period (2019), which were  ultimately analized according to association with hyposideremia. Results: It was identified several drugs associated with low plasma iron levels: acetylcysteine and apixaban, which would increase the risk of hyposideremia. On the contrary, we found that allopurinol, duloxetine and simvastatin would protect against the appearance of hyposideremia. Conclusion: Acetylcysteine and apixaban, alone or in combination with different pathologies, would be capable of inducing, and on dependence of the duration of treatment and/or of the concomitant pathology, hyposideremia, iron deficiency and, in certain cases, anemia constituting a major health problem.

scholarly journals Plasma Alkylresorcinol Metabolite, A Biomarker of Whole-Grain Wheat and Rye Intake, and Risk of Metabolic Syndrome: A Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Zhou ◽  
Xiaoxing Mo ◽  
Qiang Wang ◽  
Hongjie Liu ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Drinking Status ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background: Whole-grain intake assessed through dietary recording methods has been suggested to be inversely associated with the metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk in several epidemiological studies. However, limited studies have evaluated the association between whole-grain intake and MetS risk when using objective biomarkers of whole-grain intake. The aim of this study was to examine the association between plasma 3-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-propanoic acid (DHPPA), a biomarker of whole-grain wheat and rye intake, and MetS risk in a Chinese population.Methods: A case-control study of 667 MetS cases and 667 matched controls was conducted based on baseline data of the Tongji-Ezhou Cohort study. Plasma DHPPA concentrations were assessed by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. MetS was determined using definition of the Joint Interim Statement.Results: Plasma DHPPA was inversely associated with MetS risk. After adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol drinking status, physical activity and education level, the odds ratios (ORs) for MetS across increasing quartiles of plasma DHPPA concentrations were 1 (referent), 0.86 (0.58-1.26), 0.77 (0.52-1.15), and 0.59 (0.39-0.89), respectively. The inverse relation between plasma DHPPA and MetS persisted in stratified analyses according to confounding factors. In addition, the cubic spline analysis revealed a potential nonlinear association between plasma DHPPA and MetS, with a steep reduction in the risk at the lower range of plasma DHPPA concentration.Conclusions: Our study revealed that higher plasma DHPPA concentrations were associated with lower odds of MetS. Our findings provided further evidence to support health benefits of whole grain consumption.

scholarly journals A Case-Control Study of Factors Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Healthcare Workers in Colombia.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merida Rodriguez-Lopez ◽  
Beatriz Parra ◽  
Enrique Vergara ◽  
Laura Rey ◽  
Mercedes Salcedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background: Healthcare Workers (HCW) are repeatedly exposed to SARS-CoV-2 infection. The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection among HCW in one of the largest cities in Colombia. Methods: We conducted a case-control study, where cases had a positive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and controls had a negative result. Participants were randomly selected and interviewed by phone. Analyses were performed using logistic regression models. Results: A total of 110 cases and 113 controls were included. Men (AdjOR 4.1 95%CI 1.7-10), Nurses (AdjOR 11.2 95%CI 1.1-119.6), not using a high-performance filtering mask (AdjOR 2.2 95%CI 1-5.1) and inadequate use of personal protective equipment (AdjOR 4.8 95%CI 1.1-19.6) were identified as risk factors. Conversely, graduate (AdjOR 0.1 95%CI 0.01-0.5) and postgraduate (AdjOR 0.05 95%CI 0.004-0.5) education, feeling scared or nervous (AdjOR 0.5 95%CI0.2-0.9), not wearing any of gloves, hat and googles/face shields (AdjOR 0.1 95%CI0.02-0.4), and the use of high-performance filtering or a combination of fabric plus surgical mask (AdjOR 0.2 95%CI 0.1-0.8) outside the workplace were protective factors. Conclusion: This study highlights the protection provided by high-performance filtering mask or double masking among HCW. Individual factors and the difficulties of wearing other protective equipment needs to be considered in designing, implementing and monitoring COVID-19 biosafety protocols for HCW.

scholarly journals Hyposideremia Associated to Drug Treatment in Polymedicated Patients: a Case-Control Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Lozano ◽  
Alberto Frutos ◽  
Alberto Apesteguia ◽  
Alejandro Martinez ◽  
Esther Franco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Iron ◽  
Drug Class ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Medicine Service ◽  
Prescription Medicines ◽  
Control Study

A case-control pharmaco-epidemiological study, aimed to identify the drug class and/or duration of treatments causing hyposideremia, was carried out. For this, the prescription medicines of all patients addmited to a Internal Medicine service, for various indications, along a 1-year period (2019), were recorded and, ultimately, its association to hyposideremia analyzed. As a result, it was identified several drugs associated with alterations in serum iron levels: acetylcysteine, apixaban and edoxaban, which would increase the risk of hyposideremia. On the contrary, we found that allopurinol, duloxetine and simvastatin would protect against the appearance of hyposideremia. These drugs, alone or in combination with different pathologies, would be capable of inducing, and on dependence of the duration of treatment and/or of the concomitant pathology, hyposideremia, iron deficiency and, in certain cases, anemia constituting a major health problem.

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