scholarly journals Correlation: Between Autochthonous Microbial Diversity and Volatile Metabolites During the Fermentation of Nongxiang Daqu

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuke Deng ◽  
Dan Huang ◽  
Baolin Han ◽  
Xinqian Ning ◽  
Dong Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Volatile Flavor Compounds ◽  
Volatile Metabolites ◽  
Partial Least Square Analysis ◽  
Volatile Flavor

Daqu is an important saccharifying and fermenting agent. It provides various microorganisms and enzymes for the fermentation of Baijiu and plays a vital role in the formation of Baijiu flavor. However, it is difficult to obtain information on microbial growth and metabolism in time for Daqu production. Therefore, the “Qu Xiang” obtained by smelling is an important index in the traditional production process to evaluate the microbial fermentation in the process of Daqu-making, “Qu Xiang” mainly represents the volatile flavor compounds in Daqu. The microbial diversity and volatile metabolites on 0, 6, 16, and 29 days of the fermentation process were measured using high-throughput sequencing and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Significant differences were found in the composition of the microbial community. Pseudomonas, Weissella, Bacillus, and Pelomonas were the main bacterial genera. Alternaria, Rhizopus, and Pichia are the main fungal genera. A total of 32 differential volatile metabolites were detected in samples at four time points using differential metabolic analysis. The correspondence of prevailing microorganisms with differential metabolites distinguished by Spearman correlation and two-way orthogonal partial least square analysis show that Saccharopolyspora exhibited a significant connection for the 12 differential metabolites. A significant positive correlation was observed between Rhizomucor and 13 different metabolites. These findings further understanding of the metabolism of microorganisms in Daqu fermentation and also help to control the microorganisms in the Daqu-making process, to obtain more stable Baijiu products.

scholarly journals Chemical Markers to Distinguish the Homo- and Heterozygous Bitter Genotype in Sweet Almond Kernels

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 747
Author(s):  
Stefania Vichi ◽  
Morgana N. Mayer ◽  
Maria G. León-Cárdenas ◽  
Beatriz Quintanilla-Casas ◽  
Alba Tres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Markers ◽  
Volatile Metabolites ◽  
First Time ◽  
Sweet Almond

Bitterness in almonds is controlled by a single gene (Sk dominant for sweet kernel, sk recessive for bitter kernel) and the proportions of the offspring genotypes (SkSk, Sksk, sksk) depend on the progenitors’ genotype. Currently, the latter is deduced after crossing by recording the phenotype of their descendants through kernel tasting. Chemical markers to early identify parental genotypes related to bitter traits can significantly enhance the efficiency of almond breeding programs. On this basis, volatile metabolites related to almond bitterness were investigated by Solid Phase Microextraction-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry coupled to univariate and multivariate statistics on 244 homo- and heterozygous samples from 42 different cultivars. This study evidenced the association between sweet almonds’ genotype and some volatile metabolites, in particular benzaldehyde, and provided for the first time chemical markers to discriminate between homo- and heterozygous sweet almond genotypes. Furthermore, a multivariate approach based on independent variables was developed to increase the reliability of almond classification. The Partial Least Square-Discriminant Analysis classification model built with selected volatile metabolites that showed discrimination capacity allowed a 98.0% correct classification. The metabolites identified, in particular benzaldehyde, become suitable markers for the early genotype identification in almonds, while a DNA molecular marker is not yet available.

scholarly journals The Effect Of Milenial Generation Characteristics Of Job Satisfaction Relations And Employee Engagement

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 239-248
Author(s):  
Alfatih Sikki Manggabarani ◽  
Faisal Marzuki ◽  
Mahendro
Keyword(s):  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Employee Satisfaction ◽  
Sampling Methods ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Partial Least Square Analysis ◽  
Analysis Technique

This research is a quantitative study that aims to determine the Millennial Generation Characteristics of Employee Engagement. The population in this study The study was conducted by taking samples of Millennials who are actively working at Micro Finance companies with a total of 150 respondents. The sample size was taken as many as 150 respondents, with probability sampling methods especially simple random sampling. Data collection was carried out through questionnaires. The analysis technique used is the PLS (Partial Least Square) analysis method. The results of this study indicate that the value of R- Square (R2) Employee Engagement is 0.786 and Employee Satisfaction is 0.647 thus indicating that the contribution of Grit, Worklife Balance, and Jon Resources variables to Employee Engagement and Employee Satisfaction are 0.786 or 78.6% and 0.647 or 64.7%. And the rest is influenced by other factors not examined.

scholarly journals The Effect of Organizational Climate and Knowlegde Sharing on Employee Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Devi Astri Utami
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Climate ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Insignificant Effect ◽  
Partial Least Square Analysis ◽  
Sample Method

This study aims to examine and analyze the effect of organizational climate and knowledge sharing on employee performance. The object of this research is the part of staffing in communication and informatics institutions located in Jakarta. This study was conducted on 30 respondents with this researcher using the sample method: saturated or biases is also called the census method and the data obtained is analyzed using PLS (Partial Least Square) analysis techniques through SmartPLS software. The result is organizational climate has positive and significant effect performance, and knowledge sharing has negative and insignificant effect to employee performance.

scholarly journals Urinary Volatomic Expression Pattern: Paving the Way for Identification of Potential Candidate Biosignatures for Lung Cancer

Metabolites ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Khushman Taunk ◽  
Priscilla Porto-Figueira ◽  
Jorge A. M. Pereira ◽  
Ravindra Taware ◽  
Nattane Luíza da Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Metabolic Pathway Analysis

The urinary volatomic profiling of Indian cohorts composed of 28 lung cancer (LC) patients and 27 healthy subjects (control group, CTRL) was established using headspace solid phase microextraction technique combined with gas chromatography mass spectrometry methodology as a powerful approach to identify urinary volatile organic metabolites (uVOMs) to discriminate among LC patients from CTRL. Overall, 147 VOMs of several chemistries were identified in the intervention groups—including naphthalene derivatives, phenols, and organosulphurs—augmented in the LC group. In contrast, benzene and terpenic derivatives were found to be more prevalent in the CTRL group. The volatomic data obtained were processed using advanced statistical analysis, namely partial least square discriminative analysis (PLS-DA), support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), and multilayer perceptron (MLP) methods. This resulted in the identification of nine uVOMs with a higher potential to discriminate LC patients from CTRL subjects. These were furan, o-cymene, furfural, linalool oxide, viridiflorene, 2-bromo-phenol, tricyclazole, 4-methyl-phenol, and 1-(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl)-2-methyl-3-morpholinopropan-1-one. The metabolic pathway analysis of the data obtained identified several altered biochemical pathways in LC mainly affecting glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, pyruvate metabolism, and fatty acid biosynthesis. Moreover, acetate and octanoic, decanoic, and dodecanoic fatty acids were identified as the key metabolites responsible for such deregulation. Furthermore, studies involving larger cohorts of LC patients would allow us to consolidate the data obtained and challenge the potential of the uVOMs as candidate biomarkers for LC.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECT OF FINANCIAL LITERATION, FINANCIAL TECHNOLOGY, INCOME, AND LOCUS OF CONTROL ON LECTURER FINANCIAL BEHAVIOR

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Wahyudi Wahyudi ◽  
Brigitta Azalea Pulo Tukan ◽  
Dahlia Pinem
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Financial Behavior ◽  
Significant Positive Effect ◽  
Partial Least Square Analysis ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Financial Technology

<p>This research is a quantitative study that aims to determine the effect of financial literacy, financial technology, income, and locus of control on financial behavior. The population in this study were Lecturers at the Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta. The sample size was taken as many as 80 respondents, with methods through nonprobability sampling, purposive sampling. Data collection was carried out through questionnaires. The analysis technique used is the PLS (Partial Least Square) analysis method with SmartPLS 3.0 software. The results of this study indicate that (1) financial literacy has a significant positive effect on financial behavior. (2) financial technology has no influence and is not significant in financial behavior. (3) income has a significant positive effect on financial behavior. (4) locus of control does not influence financial behavior.</p>

scholarly journals PARTIAL LEAST SQUARE ANALYSIS ON MICRO ENTERPRISES’ INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL AND PERFORMANCE: THE MEDIATING EFFECT OF TACIT KNOWLEDGE SHARING

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-33
Author(s):  
Rohana Ngah ◽  
T. Ramayah ◽  
Rahimah Sarmidy
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Tacit Knowledge ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Partial Least Square Analysis ◽  
Tacit Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Micro Enterprises

Micro enterprises formed the majority of business establishments in Malaysia and play an important role in the business ecosystem. There are numerous studies of intellectual capital on large organizations and small and medium enterprises, however no study has been carried out on micro enterprises. The findings of the partial-least square analysis of one hundred and six micro enterprises found that intellectual capital has a significant relationship to organizational performance. In addition, the relationship between intellectual capital and organizational performance was significantly influenced by tacit knowledge sharing. In particular, tacit knowledge sharing proves to be extremely relevant when it comes to reinforcing the intellectual capital on the performance of micro enterprises in Malaysia. Limitations and implications for future studies are discussed.

scholarly journals The Effect of Sales Promotion on Purchasing Decisions

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-133
Author(s):  
Indri Suryani ◽  
Afriapollo Syafarudin
Keyword(s):  
Health Workers ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Personal Selling ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Sales Promotion ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Purchasing Decisions ◽  
Partial Least Square Analysis ◽  
A Company ◽  
Positive Effect

To trigger consumer transactions in order to buy a certain product and encourage aggressive purchasing decisions. One trick is that promotion is able to stimulate demand for a product. With the promotion, it is expected that consumers will want to try these products and encourage existing consumers to buy products more often so that re-purchases will occur and the sales volume of a company's products will increase. Promotion is an important factor in realizing the sales goals of a company. In order for consumers to be willing to subscribe, they must first be able to try or research the goods produced by the company, so that buyers can be sure of these goods. Targeted promotion is expected to have a positive effect on increasing sales. Promotion is an important aspect of marketing management and is often said to be a continuous process. With promotion, people who are not interested in buying a product will be interested and try the product so that consumers make a purchase. The type of promotional mix is ​​the combination of the best strategies from the variables of advertising, personal selling, and other promotional tools, all of which are planned to achieve the goals of the sales program. This study aims to examine the effect of promotion on glove purchasing decisions. Respondents of this study used 150 research samples at various hospitals, namely doctors and health workers, the tools used in this study used the PLS (Partial Least Square) analysis method. The results of this research are the effect of promotion on purchasing decisions accepted.   Keywords: Sales Promotion, Purchasing Decision

scholarly journals Characterization of α-Glucosidase Inhibitors from Clinacanthus nutans Lindau Leaves by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics and Molecular Docking Simulation

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 2402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suganya Murugesu ◽  
Zalikha Ibrahim ◽  
Qamar-Uddin Ahmed ◽  
Nik-Idris Nik Yusoff ◽  
Bisha-Fathamah Uzir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Molecular Docking ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Docking Simulation ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Glucosidase Inhibitors ◽  
Clinacanthus Nutans

Background: Clinacanthus nutans (C. nutans) is an Acanthaceae herbal shrub traditionally consumed to treat various diseases including diabetes in Malaysia. This study was designed to evaluate the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of C. nutans leaves extracts, and to identify the metabolites responsible for the bioactivity. Methods: Crude extract obtained from the dried leaves using 80% methanolic solution was further partitioned using different polarity solvents. The resultant extracts were investigated for their α-glucosidase inhibitory potential followed by metabolites profiling using the gas chromatography tandem with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results: Multivariate data analysis was developed by correlating the bioactivity, and GC-MS data generated a suitable partial least square (PLS) model resulting in 11 bioactive compounds, namely, palmitic acid, phytol, hexadecanoic acid (methyl ester), 1-monopalmitin, stigmast-5-ene, pentadecanoic acid, heptadecanoic acid, 1-linolenoylglycerol, glycerol monostearate, alpha-tocospiro B, and stigmasterol. In-silico study via molecular docking was carried out using the crystal structure Saccharomyces cerevisiae isomaltase (PDB code: 3A4A). Interactions between the inhibitors and the protein were predicted involving residues, namely LYS156, THR310, PRO312, LEU313, GLU411, and ASN415 with hydrogen bond, while PHE314 and ARG315 with hydrophobic bonding. Conclusion: The study provides informative data on the potential α-glucosidase inhibitors identified in C. nutans leaves, indicating the plant’s therapeutic effect to manage hyperglycemia.

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