scholarly journals Iron- and Zinc-Fortified Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) Demonstrate Enhanced and Stable Iron Bioavailability After Storage

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajib Podder ◽  
Raymond P. Glahn ◽  
Albert Vandenberg
Keyword(s):  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽  
Iron Bioavailability ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
And Zn Deficiency ◽  
Populations At Risk ◽  
Zn Content ◽  
Iron And Zinc ◽  
Protein Rich

Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) is a quick-cooking, rapidly expanding protein-rich crop with high iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn), but low bioavailability due to the presence of phytate, similar to other grains. Lentils dual fortified with Fe and Zn can significantly improve the bioavailable Fe and Zn content. Three milled lentil product types (LPTs) were fortified with Fe using NaFeEDTA [ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid iron (III) sodium salt] (Fe fortified) or Zn from ZnSO4·H2O (Zn fortified), or both (dual fortified). Fe, Zn, phytic acid (PA) concentration, and relative Fe bioavailability (RFeB%) were assessed for samples from two fortified batches (initial and for 1 year stored). Fe, Zn, and RFeB% increased significantly in two batches of samples from the three LPTs, and decreased by 5–15% after 1 year of storage. PA concentration decreased from 8 to 15% after fortification of all samples from two batches of the three LPTs but showed different patterns of influence after storage. Dual-fortified lentil fortified with 24 mg Fe and 12 mg Zn 100 g−1 lentil had the highest amount of Fe and Zn, and the lowest PA concentration, and RFeB% was increased from 91.3 to 519.5%. Significant (p ≤ 0.01) Pearson correlations were observed between Fe concentration vs. PA:Fe molar ratio (MR), Fe concentration vs. RFeB%, RFeB% vs. PA:Fe MR, and Zn concentration vs. PA:Zn MR in all samples from two batches of the three LPTs. In conclusion, dual-fortified lentil can contribute significant bioavailable Fe and Zn to populations at risk of Fe and Zn deficiency.

scholarly journals Effect of Zinc Foliar Application on Seed Yield of Lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus) and Its Yielding Components

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Pragun Pal ◽  
Subhasis Mondal ◽  
Puspendu Samanta
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
World Population ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Zn Content ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Health Problem

Zinc plays a greater role during reproductive phase especially during fertilization. A field experiment was conducted in district seed farm AB block, Kalyani, Nadia, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya (B.C.K.V) during 2016-17 and 2017-18 in Randomized Block Design (RBD) and replicated thrice to check the response of lentil against different concentration of ZnSO4· 7H2O. Zinc foliar application applied at preflowering and podding stage. It has been observed that all the zinc applications have better results than the control. Among different treatments 0.04% and 0.08% zinc shown better result. Among humans, Zinc (Zn) deficiency is a well documented global health problem, affecting nearly half of the world population. Zn content of the seed increased maximum in 0.08% Zn treatment but seed yield is maximum in 0.04% Zn treatment. Therefore, it is concluded that foliar application of zinc improves lentil productivity and lentil production.

scholarly journals Drought tolerance in Zn-deficient red cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata f. rubra) plants

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 88-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Hajiboland ◽  
H. Amirazad
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Red Cabbage ◽  
And Zn Deficiency ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Zn Content ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
Plant Photosynthesis ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Net Assimilation

Effects of Zn deficiency were studied in red cabbage plants under well-watered or drought conditions. Impairment of growth due to Zn deficiency was higher under drought compared with well-watered conditions. Drought stress caused a drastic decline in Zn content and led to a damage of photosynthetic apparatus in Zn-deficient but not Zn-sufficient leaves. Net assimilation and transpiration rate were strongly reduced under Zn deficiency and drought conditions following reduction of stomatal conductance. Activity of antioxidant enzymes, with the exception of superoxide dismutase, increased under Zn deficiency conditions, while drought enhanced activity of all studied enzymes concomitant with accumulation of malondialdehyde and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. The intensifying effect of drought on Zn-deficient leaves could be explained by impaired leaf photochemical events, reduction of whole plant photosynthesis and imbalance between production and scavenging of reactive oxygen species. Water use efficiency, water and osmotic potential of drought-stressed plants were higher under low compared with adequate Zn supply, however, these parameters were not critical for plant growth response under combinative effect of drought and Zn deficiency.

Lentils (Lens culinaris Medikus Subspecies culinaris): A Whole Food for Increased Iron and Zinc Intake

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (12) ◽  
pp. 5413-5419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dil Thavarajah ◽  
Pushparajah Thavarajah ◽  
Ashutosh Sarker ◽  
Albert Vandenberg
Keyword(s):  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Zinc Intake ◽  
Iron And Zinc

EFFECTIVENESS OF ZINC FERTILIZER SOURCES ON NUTRITION OF BEANS

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. SINGH ◽  
J. W. B. STEWART ◽  
R. E. KARAMANOS ◽  
N. G. LEWIS
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Relative Effectiveness ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Spent Sulphite Liquor ◽  
Incubation Experiments ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Zn Content ◽  
Zinc Fertilizer

The relative effectiveness of Zn-sulphate (ZnS), Zn-EDTA (ZnE), low-yield ammonium-based lignosulphonate (ZnLY) and high-yield sodium-based lignosulphonate (ZnHY) for bean production was tested in growth chamber and incubation experiments. ZnS and ZnLY were more effective than ZnE and ZnHY in correcting Zn deficiency of bean plants. While biomass production was best with ZnS, ZnLY was more effective in increasing Zn-content in the foliage and in the formation of strong chelates in the soil. Key words: Zn-sulfate, Zn-EDTA, lignosulphonate, spent sulphite liquor, sulphite pulping

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF ALIMENTARY INSUFFICIENCY OF CALCIUM, MAGNESIUM AND IODINE ON RAT VITAMIN STATUS

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-59
Author(s):  
O.A. Vrzhesinskaya ◽  
◽  
V.M. Kodentsova ◽  
N.A. Beketova ◽  
O.V. Kosheleva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Vitamin B1 ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Vitamin Status ◽  
Iron And Zinc ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Increased Activity ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
In Blood Plasma

The diet of the majority of the population of Russia is characterized by an insufficient content of a number of micronutrients, including macro- and micronutrients. The aim of the study is to characterize in a rat model experiment the effect of combined nutritional deficiency of calcium, magnesium and iodine on the availability of other mineral substances, vitamin metabolism and biochemical parameters blood plasma. The lack of minerals in growing Wistar male rats with an initial body weight (51.4 ± 0.5) g was created for 23 days by halving of a calcium, magnesium and iodine in the salt mixture. Alimentary deficiency of calcium, magnesium and iodine in growing rats significantly and multidirectionally affected the metabolism of other minerals and vitamins, as well as a number of diagnostically significant indicators of blood and urine. In rats of the experimental group, the liver concentration of α-tocopherol, vitamin B1 and retinol palmitate decreased, the concentration of iron and zinc increased, the copper content in the whole brain decreased significantly. The molar ratio of γ- and α-tocopherols in blood plasma was increased, the concentration of the circulating form of vitamin D decreased. The ratio of AlAT / AsAT (de Ritis coefficient) markedly decreased due to increased activity of AlAT. Phosphate reabsorption decreased slightly. Increased urinary excretion of riboflavin was accompanied by a decrease in its concentration in blood plasma. The conclusion that insufficient intake of calcium, magnesium and iodine may disturb vitamin-mineral status of organism has been made.

scholarly journals Genetic Variability and Genotype X Environment Interactions Effect on Grain Iron (Fe) and Zinc (Zn) Concentration in Lentils and Their Characterization under Terai Environments of Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Zinc Concentration ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Zn Concentration ◽  
Iron And Zinc ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Location Interaction

Billions of peoples are directly affected from the micronutrient malnutrition called hidden hunger affecting one in three people. Micronutrient Iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn) deficiencies affect large numbers of people worldwide. Iron (Fe) deficiency leads to maternal mortality, mental damage and lower disease resistant of children. Likely Zinc (Zn) deficiency is responsible for stunting, lower respiratory tract infections, and malaria and diarrhea disease in human beings. Nepalese lentils are in fact rich sources of proteins and micronutrients (Fe, Zn) for human health and straws as a valuable animal feed. It has ability to sequester N and C improves soil nutrient status, which in turn provides sustainable production systems. Twenty five lentil genotypes were evaluated to analyze genotype × environment interaction for iron and zinc concentration in the grains. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated that the accessions under study were found varied significantly (P=<0.001) for both seed Fe and Zn concentrations at all the three locations. Pooled analysis of variance over locations displayed highly significant (at P=<0.001) differences between genotypes, locations and genotype × location interaction for Zn micronutrient but insignificant genotype x location interaction was found in Fe micronutrient. Among 25 genotypes, the ranges for seed Fe concentration were 71.81ppm (ILL-2712)-154.03 ppm (PL-4) (mean 103.34 ppm) at Khajura, 79.89 ppm (ILL-3490)-128.14 ppm (PL-4) (mean 95.43 ppm) at Parwanipur, and 83.92 ppm (ILL-7979) -137.63 ppm (ILL-6819) (mean 103.11ppm) at Rampur, while the range across all the three locations was 82.53 ppm (ILL-7979) -133.49 ppm (PL-4) (mean 101.04 ppm). Likely the range for seed Zn concentration was 53.76 ppm (ILL-7723) – 70.15 ppm (ILL-4605) (mean 61.84 ppm) at Khajura, while the ranges for Parwanipur and Rampur were 54.21 ppm (ILL-7723) -91,94 ppm (ILL-4605) (mean 76.55 ppm) and 46.41 ppm (LG-12) – 59.95 ppm (ILL-4605) (mean 54.27 ppm) , respectively. The range across the three environments was 54.03 ppm (ILL-7723) – 75.34 ppm (HUL-57) (mean 64.22 ppm). Although both the micronutrients were influenced by environment, seed Fe was more sensitive to environmental fluctuations in comparison to seed Zn concentration. The G × E study revealed that it was proved that genotypes Sagun, RL-6 and LG-12 were more stable for seed Fe concentration and genotypes WBL-77, ILL-7164, RL-11 were found more stable for seed Zn concentration. In the AMMI analysis employing Gollob’s test, first two PC explained 100% of the G × E variation. PC 1 and PC 2 explained 87.19% and 12.81% of total G × E interactions for Fe concentration and likely for Zn concentration; PC1 and PC2 explained 70.11% and 29.88%, respectively. The critical perusal of biplot revealed that Parawnipur locations was found to discriminating power for Fe concentration while for Zn concentration Khajura location was found to be most discriminative. The critical analysis of pedigree vis-à-vis micronutrient concentration did not reveal any correlation. This is probably the first report on iron and zinc concentration in lentil from Nepal.

scholarly journals Assessment of Available Micronutrients Status in the Soils of Melur Block, Madurai District, Tamil Nadu, Using GIS and GPS Techniques

2021 ◽  
pp. 108-116
Author(s):  
P. Ramamoorthy ◽  
P. Christy Nirmala Mary ◽  
P. Saravanapandian ◽  
A. Gurusamy ◽  
K. Kumutha
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiency ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Soil Resource ◽  
And Zn Deficiency ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Resource Inventory ◽  
Critical Limits

A soil resource inventory was conducted at village level in the Melur block of Madurai district, Tamil Nadu to assess the micronutrients status in the soils and to prepare fertility maps depicting the extent of soil micronutrient deficiency/sufficiency using GIS and GPS techniques. Soil samples were collected at revenue village wise along with geo coordinates and analysed for available micronutrients such as Zn, Fe, Cu and Mn by adopting standard procedures. Based on the nutrient status, the soils were grouped as deficient or sufficient using the critical limits. Per cent deficiency of micronutrients in Melur block was worked out and the thematic maps showing status of different available micronutrients were generated. The results indicated that, Fe and Zn  deficiency is most prevalent in the soils of Melur block  in Madurai district to an extent of more than 35 per cent, followed by Cu (1.1%) and Mn (10%).

scholarly journals Impact of the trace element status on the course of ankylosing spondylitis in the Orenburg Region patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 66-74
Author(s):  
U. A. Yakubova ◽  
O. V. Bugrova ◽  
S. I. Krasikov ◽  
N. P. Setko ◽  
R. I. Saifutdirov
Keyword(s):  
Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Orenburg Region ◽  
And Zn Deficiency ◽  
Trace Element Status ◽  
The Impact

The role of trace elements (TEs) and their imbalance in the physiology of bone tissue and in the development of inflammatory diseases of the joints and spine has been discussed in recent years; however, there is no evidence for the TE status of patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and its possible impact on the course of the disease.Objective: to investigate the impact of the TE status of patients with AS on the course, clinical manifestations, and activity of the disease.Patients and methods. Examinations were made in 58 patients (39 men and 19 women), residents of the Orenburg Region, with a reliable diagnosis of AS, the duration of which was 16 [11; 26] years. The patients’ mean age was 38 [31; 48] years. HLA-B27 antigen was detected in 91.4% of cases. In addition to the generally accepted examination, atomic absorption spectrophotometry was used to determine the hair levels of 9 TEs: Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cr, Co, Ni, Pb, and Cd in all the patients.Results and discussion. The AS patients living in the Orenburg Region showed TE imbalance manifested by Cu and Zn deficiency and Ni, Cr, and Mn accumulation in the hair. Multidirectional correlations were found between the values of these TEs and the presence of extra-axial (peripheral arthritis, dactylitis) and extra-skeletal (uveitis) manifestations of AS, its activity, and severity of functional disorders.Conclusion. The preliminary results may suggest that the emerging imbalance of TEs can affect the course of AS, maintaining and increasing its activity.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of the Bioavailability of Fe, Cu and Zn from Gluten-Free Breads Enriched with Natural and Synthetic Additives

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1853
Author(s):  
Anna Rogaska ◽  
Julita Reguła ◽  
Joanna Suliburska ◽  
Zbigniew Krejpcio
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Content ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Nutritional Intervention ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
And Zn Deficiency ◽  
High Bioavailability ◽  
Cu And Zn ◽  
Natural And Synthetic

The aim of this study was to compare the bioavailability of iron, copper and zinc from newly designed gluten-free breads enriched with natural and synthetic additives. The study was conducted on rats with induced Fe, Cu and Zn deficiency. The nutritional intervention with diets supplemented with a 70% addition of gluten-free breads enriched with natural additives and organic compounds to the control diet AIN-93M lasted 40 days. After the intervention, the rats were euthanized, the organs were collected and their mineral content was measured. Chemical analysis of diets with the addition of fortified gluten-free breads showed significantly higher amounts of iron, zinc and copper in diets with the addition of fortified breads compared to diets with the addition of unenriched breads. The type of additives did not influence the amount of minerals in diets. It is necessary to conduct further research to explain the interactions of ingredients and the factors affecting the bioavailability of Fe, Cu and Zn from gluten-free breads in order to obtain a product with a high bioavailability of these ingredients.

scholarly journals Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Iron and Zinc Deficiency in Maize (Zea mays L.)

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1812
Author(s):  
Mallana Gowdra Mallikarjuna ◽  
Nepolean Thirunavukkarasu ◽  
Rinku Sharma ◽  
Kaliyugam Shiriga ◽  
Firoz Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Expression ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Metal Transporters ◽  
Maize Cultivars ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Iron And Zinc ◽  
Sub Saharan

Globally, one-third of the population is affected by iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) deficiency, which is severe in developing and underdeveloped countries where cereal-based diets predominate. The genetic biofortification approach is the most sustainable and one of the cost-effective ways to address Fe and Zn malnutrition. Maize is a major source of nutrition in sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia and Latin America. Understanding systems’ biology and the identification of genes involved in Fe and Zn homeostasis facilitate the development of Fe- and Zn-enriched maize. We conducted a genome-wide transcriptome assay in maize inbred SKV616, under –Zn, –Fe and –Fe–Zn stresses. The results revealed the differential expression of several genes related to the mugineic acid pathway, metal transporters, photosynthesis, phytohormone and carbohydrate metabolism. We report here Fe and Zn deficiency-mediated changes in the transcriptome, root length, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate and reduced rate of photosynthesis. Furthermore, the presence of multiple regulatory elements and/or the co-factor nature of Fe and Zn in enzymes indicate their association with the differential expression and opposite regulation of several key gene(s). The differentially expressed candidate genes in the present investigation would help in breeding for Fe and Zn efficient and kernel Fe- and Zn-rich maize cultivars through gene editing, transgenics and molecular breeding.

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