scholarly journals Analysis and Potential Value of Compounds Extracted From Star Ruby, Rio Red, and Ruby Red Grapefruit, and Grapefruit Juice Processing Residues via Steam Explosion

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Dorado ◽  
Randall G. Cameron ◽  
John A. Manthey ◽  
Jinhe Bai ◽  
Kyle L. Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Acid Content ◽  
Steam Explosion ◽  
Galacturonic Acid ◽  
Grapefruit Juice ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Potential Value ◽  
Juice Processing

Culled whole grapefruit (WG) and grapefruit juice processing residues (GP) are currently incorporated into low-cost animal feed. If individual chemical components found within these side streams could be recovered as high-value coproducts, this would improve the overall value of the grapefruit crop. In this study, pectic hydrocolloids, sugars, volatiles, phenolics, and flavonoids were extracted from Star Ruby, Rio Red, and Ruby Red GP and WG using a continuous pilot scale steam explosion system. Up to 97% of grapefruit juice oils and peel oils could be volatilized and contained 87–94% d-limonene. The recovery of pectin, as determined by galacturonic acid content, was between 2.06 and 2.72 g 100 g−1. Of the phenolics and flavonoids analyzed in this study, narirutin and naringin were extracted in the amounts of up to 10,000 and 67,000 μg g−1, respectively.

scholarly journals Bench scale batch steam explosion of Florida red and white grapefruit juice processing residues

Future Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 100020
Author(s):  
Christina Dorado ◽  
Randall G. Cameron ◽  
John A. Manthey ◽  
Kyle L. Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Steam Explosion ◽  
Grapefruit Juice ◽  
Bench Scale ◽  
Juice Processing

scholarly journals Corrigendum to “Bench scale batch steam explosion of Florida red and white grapefruit juice processing residues” [Future Foods 3 (2021) 100020]

Future Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 100071
Author(s):  
Christina Dorado ◽  
Randall G. Cameron ◽  
John A. Manthey ◽  
Kyle L. Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Steam Explosion ◽  
Grapefruit Juice ◽  
Bench Scale ◽  
Juice Processing

scholarly journals Enzymatic Extraction and Characterization of Pectin from Cocoa Pod Husks (Theobroma cacao L.) Using Celluclast® 1.5 L

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 1473
Author(s):  
Licelander Hennessey-Ramos ◽  
Walter Murillo-Arango ◽  
Juliana Vasco-Correa ◽  
Isabel Cristina Paz Astudillo
Keyword(s):  
Acid Content ◽  
Galacturonic Acid ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Chemical Extraction ◽  
Enzymatic Extraction ◽  
Acid Yield ◽  
Physicochemical Features ◽  
Enzyme Dosage ◽  
Cocoa Pod Husks

Cocoa pod husks are a waste generated during the processing of cocoa beans. We aimed to explore the enzymatic extraction of pectin using cellulases. The extraction process was optimized using a central composite design (CCD) and analyzed by response surface methodology (RSM). The parameters optimized were feedstock concentration (%), enzyme dosage (µL/g), and time (h). Three dependent variables were studied: pectin yield (g/100 g dry husk) (R2 = 97.02), galacturonic acid content (g/100 g pectin) (R2 = 96.90), and galacturonic acid yield (g/100 g feedstock) (R2 = 95.35). The optimal parameters were 6.0% feedstock concentration, 40 µL g−1 of enzyme, and 18.54 h, conditions that produced experimentally a pectin yield of 10.20 g/100 g feedstock, 52.06 g galacturonic acid/100 g pectin, and a yield 5.31 g galacturonic acid/100 g feedstock. Using the chemical extraction method, a yield of 8.08 g pectin/100 g feedstock and a galacturonic acid content of 60.97 g/100 g pectin were obtained. Using assisted sonication, a pectin yield of 8.28 g/100 g feedstock and a galacturonic acid content of 42.77 g/100 g pectin were obtained. Enzymatically optimized pectin has rheological and physicochemical features typical of this biomaterial, which provides an interesting alternative for the valorization of cocoa husks.

Feasibility of cereal straw for industrial utilization in Minnesota

2000 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.C. Wagner ◽  
S. Ramaswamy ◽  
U. Tschirner
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cereal Straw ◽  
Industrial Utilization ◽  
Industrial Use ◽  
On Farm ◽  
And Storage

AbstractA pre-economic feasibility study was undertaken to determine the potential of cereal straw for industrial utilization in Minnesota. Specifically, utilizing straw for pulp and paper manufacture was of interest. The availability of cereal straw fiber supplies at various locations across the state of Minnesota, along with pre-processing issues such as transportation, harvesting, handling, and storage, are discussed and priced. The greatest economic advantage of straw for industrial use appears to be the low cost of the raw material compared to traditional raw materials. This also provides an excellent opportunity for additional income for farmers. The methodology and information provided here should be helpful in evaluating the feasibility of utilizing straw for other industrial purposes in other parts of the world. However, in some Third World countries, long-standing on-farm, traditional uses of cereal straws for fuel, fiber, and animal feed may limit their availability for industrial utilization.

Novel biofilm reactor for denitrification of municipal wastewater

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (7) ◽  
pp. 1566-1575 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Rathnaweera ◽  
B. Rusten ◽  
K. Korczyk ◽  
B. Helland ◽  
E. Rismyhr
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Removal Rates ◽  
Good Filter ◽  
Solids Removal

Abstract A pilot-scale CFIC® (continuous flow intermittent cleaning) reactor was run in anoxic conditions to study denitrification of wastewater. The CFIC process has already proven its capabilities for biological oxygen demand removal with a small footprint, less energy consumption and low cost. The present study focused on the applicability for denitrification. Both pre-denitrification (pre-DN) and post-denitrification (post-DN) were tested. A mixture of primary treated wastewater and nitrified wastewater was used for pre-DN and nitrified wastewater with ethanol as a carbon source was used for post-DN. The pre-DN process was carbon limited and removal rates of only 0.16 to 0.74 g NOx-N/m²-d were obtained. With post-DN and an external carbon source, 0.68 to 2.2 g NO3-Neq/m²-d removal rates were obtained. The carrier bed functioned as a good filter for both the larger particles coming with influent water and the bio-solids produced in the reactor. Total suspended solids removal in the reactor varied from 20% to 78% (average 45%) during post-DN testing period and 9% to 70% (average 29%) for pre-DN. The results showed that the forward flow washing improves both the DN function and filtration ability of the reactor.

scholarly journals Volarization of valuable compound from watermelon by-product using ultrasound-assisted extraction

Food Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 1995-2002
Author(s):  
W.Y.C. Lim ◽  
N.L. Yusof ◽  
Ismail-Fitry M.R. ◽  
N. Suleiman
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Galacturonic Acid ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Pectin Content ◽  
Watermelon Rind ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Confectionery Products

The aim of this study was to develop an efficient, reliable, and sustainable technology for the recovery of value-added compounds from by-product, in this case, is watermelon rinds. The properties of the watermelon rinds obtained from innovative ultrasoundassisted extraction (UAE) were evaluated. In regard to this, the pectin content, degree of esterification, and galacturonic acid content of the watermelon rind extracts were determined in order to verify the efficiency of the UAE. Initially, the UAE were conducted using two types of acid: citric and hydrochloric. The highest pectin content was obtained using citric acid. Additional UAE was then performed with citric acid at 50, 60, or 70°C for 10, 20, or 30 mins. Both UAE temperature and time significantly influenced the pectin extracts and galacturonic acid. The best findings for a high galacturonic acid content (47.41%) when the watermelon rinds were extracts at 70°C for 20 mins. According to the findings, the extraction process lasted 10 or 20 mins at all temperatures was mainly high-methoxyl pectin, which can form gels under acidic conditions. This suggests that pectins derived from watermelon rinds using UAE may be especially useful as an additive in some confectionery products.

Pilot-scale process development for low-cost production of a thermostable biodiesel refining enzyme in Escherichia coli

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 555-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florencia Eberhardt ◽  
Andres Aguirre ◽  
Luciana Paoletti ◽  
Guillermo Hails ◽  
Mauricio Braia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Process Development ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Pilot Scale

Development of high protein soybean experimental lines with enhanced sulfur amino acid content

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Alaa Alaswad
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Sulfur Amino Acid ◽  
Soybean Line ◽  
Modest Improvement

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] Soybean is one of the most important field crops grown in the United States. Commercial soybeans contain about 36 - 40% protein and 18 - 20% oil, by dry weight. Most of the soybean produced in the U.S. is utilized for oil production and animal feed. Even though soybean is a rich source of protein for livestock and humans, the nutritional quality of soybean can be further enhanced if the concentration of sulfur containing amino acids, methionine and cysteine, can be increased. Previously, our lab has employed transgenic approaches to increase the nutritive value of soybean by expressing heterologous sulfur-rich seed proteins and by manipulating the sulfur assimilatory pathway. Even though modest improvement in the nutritive value has been obtained by these approaches, till now no high yielding soybean cultivars with high protein and high sulfur amino acid content has been developed. Such cultivars will be of great value for the agricultural industry especially in animal feed. In this study, I have crossed a South Korean high protein soybean line (Lee5) with a transgenic soybean line with elevated sulfur amino acid content (CS) and developed soybean experimental lines that were advanced to F4:5 seeds. Theses experimental lines exhibit both high protein and high sulfur amino acid content. The protein content of their seeds has been increased 8 to 14% while their oil content has decreased 5 to 7% when compared with CS. Furthermore, I have successfully introduced the cytosolic isoform of O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase (OASS), the overexpressed transgene, from CS into these crosses. The activity of OASS has been increased 5 to 20-fold in experimental lines when compared to Lee5.

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