scholarly journals Carotenoid-Rich Brain Nutrient Pattern Is Positively Correlated With Higher Cognition and Lower Depression in the Oldest Old With No Dementia

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jirayu Tanprasertsuk ◽  
Tammy M. Scott ◽  
Aron K. Barbey ◽  
Kathryn Barger ◽  
Xiang-Dong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Oldest Old ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Human Brain Tissue ◽  
Global Deterioration Scale ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Nutrient Patterns ◽  
Composite Scores

Background: Healthy dietary patterns are related to better cognitive health in aging populations. While levels of individual nutrients in neural tissues are individually associated with cognitive function, the investigation of nutrient patterns in human brain tissue has not been conducted.Methods: Brain tissues were acquired from frontal and temporal cortices of 47 centenarians from the Georgia Centenarian Study. Fat-soluble nutrients (carotenoids, vitamins A, E, K, and fatty acids [FA]) were measured and averaged from the two brain regions. Nutrient patterns were constructed using principal component analysis. Cognitive composite scores were constructed from cognitive assessment from the time point closest to death. Dementia status was rated by Global Deterioration Scale (GDS). Pearson's correlation coefficients between NP scores and cognitive composite scores were calculated controlling for sex, education, hypertension, diabetes, and APOE ε4 allele.Result: Among non-demented subjects (GDS = 1–3, n = 23), a nutrient pattern higher in carotenoids was consistently associated with better performance on global cognition (r = 0.38, p = 0.070), memory (r = 0.38, p = 0.073), language (r = 0.42, p = 0.046), and lower depression (r = −0.40, p = 0.090). The findings were confirmed with univariate analysis.Conclusion: Both multivariate and univariate analyses demonstrate that brain nutrient pattern explained mainly by carotenoid concentrations is correlated with cognitive function among subjects who had no dementia. Investigation of their synergistic roles on the prevention of age-related cognitive impairment remains to be performed.

scholarly journals AGE-RELATED DIFFERENCES IN CO-MORBIDITY NUMBER, FUNDUS ATHEROSCLEROSIS LEVEL AND THE SERUM VALUES OF GSH-PX, HS-CRP AND HDL-C IN ELDERLY CHINESE PATIENTS

2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Q. Ruan ◽  
Z. Yu ◽  
C. Ma ◽  
Z. Bao ◽  
J. Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oldest Old ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Apoe Genotype ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Biomarkers Of Aging ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Co Morbidity

Background: The ApoE genotype, atherosclerosis, status of inflammation, oxidative stress and co-morbidity may be detrimental to the elderly. Objectives: To identify biomarkers of aging. Setting: All subjects were Chinese elderly in Shanghai. Subjects: 549 outpatients (489 male, 60 female), divided into ≤74 year-old, 75-84 year-old and the oldest old (≥85 year-old ) groups. Methods: A univariate analysis was used to investigate 5 age-related categorical variables and 26 continuous variables. The related variables were used to find the independent biomarkers of aging by Multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results: The serum values of Glutathione peroxidase, HDL-C and C reactive protein, the number of co-morbidities and fundus atherosclerosis level were the main independent age-associated factors that influenced aging. Compared with ≥85 year-old individuals, ≤74 year-old individuals had fewer co-morbidities [OR, 0.757 (95% CI, 0.636, 0.902)], lower grades of fundus atherosclerosis [Grade 0: OR, 26.059 (95% CI, 4.705, 144.324)] and [Grade I: OR, 8.539 (95% CI, 3.555, 20.513)] and lower serum levels of HDL-C [OR, 0.127 (95% CI, 0.037, 0.433)]. However, 75-84 year-old patients had significantly lower plasma levels of GSH-px [OR, 0.986, (95% CI, 0.972, 1.00)], HDL-C [OR, 0.158 (95% CI, 0.054, 0.457)] and HsCRP [Grade I: OR, 8.516 (95% CI,1.630, 44.484)], [Grade II: OR,7.699 (95% CI,1.544, 38.388)] and [Grade III: OR,7.251 (95% CI,1.346, 39.070)]. Conclusion: The oldest old patients had significantly high anti-oxidant capability and serum HDL-C level. However, these patients also had a significantly high systemic inflammation, number of co-morbidities and grades of fundus atherosclerosis.

Abstract MP88: Fetuin-A, a Vascular Biomarker of Cognitive Decline in Older Adults

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gail A Laughlin ◽  
Linda K McEvoy ◽  
Elizabeth Barrett-Connor ◽  
Lori B Daniels ◽  
Joachim H Ix
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Vascular Disease ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Fetuin A ◽  
High Functioning ◽  
Age Related

Objectives: The contribution of vascular disease to neurocognitive decline is now widely recognized. Fetuin-A is an abundant plasma protein known to predict vascular disease. Prior studies have shown that fetuin-A levels are lower in patients with Alzheimer’s disease in direct proportion to the severity of cognitive impairment; however, their association with normal cognitive aging is unknown. We evaluated the association of serum fetuin-A levels with cognitive function in relatively high-functioning, community-dwelling older adults from the Rancho Bernardo Study. Methods: This is a population-based study of 1382 older adults (median age 75) who had plasma fetuin-A levels and cognitive function evaluated in 1992-96; 855 had repeat cognitive function assessment a median of 4 years later. Results: Adjusting for age, sex, education, and depression, higher levels of fetuin-A were associated with better baseline performance on the Mini-Mental Status Exam (MMSE) (P=0.012) and a tendency for better Trails Making B scores (P=0.066). In longitudinal analyses, the likelihood of a major decline (highest decile of change) in Trails B was 29% lower (P=0.010) for each SD higher baseline fetuin-A level; odds of major decline in MMSE was 42% lower (P=0.005) per SD higher fetuin-A for individuals with no known CVD, but were not related to fetuin-A in those with CVD (P=0.33). Fetuin-A was not related to Category Fluency performance. Results did not vary by sex and were not explained by numerous vascular risk factors and comorbidities. Conclusions: Higher plasma fetuin-A concentrations are associated with better performance on tests of global cognitive function and executive function and with reduced likelihood of major decline in these cognitive abilities over a 4-year period. These observations are consistent with the hypothesis that higher fetuin-A protects against cognitive decline in relatively high functioning older adults, although this may be less apparent in those with established vascular disease. Fetuin-A may serve as a biological link between vascular disease and normal age-related cognitive decline.

The Association of Psychological Well-Being With Sensory and Cognitive Function and Neuronal Health in Aging Adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 089826432110468
Author(s):  
Natascha Merten ◽  
Aaron Alex Pinto ◽  
Adam J Paulsen ◽  
Yanjun Chen ◽  
Lauren K Dillard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Contrast Sensitivity ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Inner Plexiform Layer ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Olfactory Impairment

Objectives Psychological well-being (PWB) may be a potential modifiable risk factor of age-related diseases. We aimed to determine associations of PWB with sensorineural and cognitive function and neuronal health in middle-aged adults. Methods This study included 2039 Beaver Dam Offspring Study participants. We assessed PWB, hearing, visual acuity, contrast sensitivity impairment, olfactory impairment, cognition, and retinal (macular ganglion cell inner-plexiform layer, mGCIPL) thickness. Age-sex-education-adjusted multivariable linear, logistic regression, and generalized estimating equation models were used and then further adjusted for health-related confounders. Results Individuals with higher PWB had better hearing functions, visual acuity, and thicker mGCIPL and reduced odds for hearing, contrast sensitivity and olfactory impairment in age-sex-education-adjusted models. Effects on mGCIPL and visual and olfactory measures decreased with adjustment. Higher PWB was associated with better cognition, better combined sensorineural-cognitive function, and decreased cognitive impairment. Discussion Psychological well-being was associated with sensorineural-cognitive health indicating a potential of PWB interventions for healthy aging.

scholarly journals Nutrient Patterns, Cognitive Function, and Decline in Older Persons: Results from the Three-City and NuAge Studies

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Allès ◽  
Cécilia Samieri ◽  
Marthe-Aline Jutand ◽  
Pierre-Hugues Carmichael ◽  
Bryna Shatenstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Successful Aging ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Analysis Methodology ◽  
Global Cognitive Function ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Nutrient Patterns

Dietary patterns, or the combination of foods and beverages intake, have been associated with better cognitive function in older persons. To date, no study has investigated the link between a posteriori nutrient patterns based on food intake, and cognitive decline in longitudinal analyses. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between nutrient patterns and cognitive function and decline in two longitudinal cohorts of older persons from France and Canada. The study sample was composed of participants from the Three-City study (3C, France) and the Quebec Longitudinal Study on Nutrition and Successful Aging (NuAge, Quebec, Canada). Both studies estimated nutritional intakes at baseline, and carried out repeated measures of global cognitive function for 1,388 and 1,439 individuals, respectively. Nutrient patterns were determined using principal component analysis methodology in the two samples, and their relation with cognitive function and decline was estimated using linear mixed models. In 3C, a healthy nutrient pattern, characterized by higher intakes of plant-based foods, was associated with a higher global cognitive function at baseline, as opposed to a Western nutrient pattern, which was associated with lower cognitive performance. In NuAge, we also found a healthy nutrient pattern and a Western pattern, although no association was observed with either of these patterns in the Canadian cohort. No association between any of the nutrient patterns and cognitive decline was observed in either cohort. There is a need for longitudinal cohorts focusing on nutrient patterns with substantial follow-up, in order to evaluate more accurately associations between nutrition and cognition in older persons.

Effects of cow families on type traits in dairy cattle

2000 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Roughsedge ◽  
S. Brotherstone ◽  
P. M. Visscher
Keyword(s):  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Maternal Lineage ◽  
Test Statistic ◽  
Linear Type ◽  
Type Traits ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Composite Scores ◽  
Scree Test

AbstractThe component of variance attributable to maternal lineage for type traits in the UK Holstein Friesian dairy population was estimated. First lactation type classification records of 33 325 contemporary cows, classified between 1996 and 1998 were used in the analysis. Maternal pedigree records were traced back to 1960 to establish maternal lineages. The tracing resulted in cows being assigned to 10 332 cow families with more than one cow per family. Sixty-six percent of the cows were in families of less than five. The traits comprised 16 linear type traits, a total score trait, four composite scores and measures of temperament and ease of milking. Univariate analysis of each trait was performed using residual maximum likelihood, with and without a maternal lineage component. A principal component analysis used a scree test to determine the number of independent traits being considered in-order to establish a level of significance for the test statistic. It was found that eight principal components were responsible for the variation in type. The composite body score trait was found to have a 1·5% component of maternal lineage variance, significant at the 5% level. No other traits showed a significant maternal lineage variance component.

scholarly journals Estimated Phytate Intake Is Associated with Improved Cognitive Function in the Elderly, NHANES 2013–2014

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1104
Author(s):  
Doreen Y Larvie ◽  
Seth M Armah
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Age Related ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship

Phytate, an antioxidant, may improve cognition by inhibiting iron catalyzed hydroxyl radical formation. Particularly in the elderly, this provides a potential dietary approach for mitigating age-related brain neuronal dysfunction and loss. In this study, we investigated the relationship between phytate intake and cognitive function in the elderly. We used data from the 2013–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and the corresponding Food Patterns Equivalents Database (FPED). Phytate content of food groups from published data were merged with the appropriate FPED data to estimate the total phytate intake for each subject. Principal component analysis was used to develop a composite score from four cognitive function scores in NHANES data, and regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between this score and phytate intake. Median phytate intake was 0.65 (0.61, 0.71) g/day. It was low among females, non-Hispanic blacks, and people with history of at least one chronic disease (p < 0.05). In regression analysis adjusted for confounders, phytate intake was positively associated with cognitive function (β (95% CI) = 1.90 (0.73–3.07); p = 0.015). These results suggest that phytate may be associated with improved cognition, hence the need to consider including phytate-rich foods in the diet among the elderly.

scholarly journals Adropin expression correlates with age-related neuropathologies in the human brain and improves neuroinflammation and cognitive function in aging mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subhashis Banerjee ◽  
Sarbani Ghoshal ◽  
Clemence Girardet ◽  
Kelly M. DeMars ◽  
Changjun Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Mitochondrial Metabolism ◽  
Protein Markers ◽  
Human Brain Tissue ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Old Mice

Abstract Adropin is most abundant in neural tissues yet its neurological functions are unclear. Data from post-mortem human brain tissue samples indicates adropin expression occurs predominantly in astrocytes, peaks during critical post-natal periods of brain development, and then declines with aging. Previous experiments indicate adropin regulates mitochondrial metabolism. Gene clusters correlating with adropin are age- and dementia-specific, possibly indicating survivor bias. In people aged <40y adropin correlates positively with genes involved in mitochondrial metabolism, APOE and Clusterin. In the ‘old-old’ (>75y) with dementia, adropin expression correlates with genes linked to mitochondrial metabolism and neurodegenerative conditions. In the ‘old-old’ (>75y) without dementia, adropin correlates with genes involved in morphogenesis, growth of neuronal processes (dendrites, axons) and synapse function. Accordingly, adropin elicits neurotrophic responses in primary cultured neurons. Adropin expression also correlates positively with protein markers of tau-related neuropathologies and inflammation, particularly in people without dementia, indicating a link to cellular stressors. How variation in brain adropin expression affects neurological aging was investigated using C57BL/6J mice. In mice, adropin is more widely expressed in neurons, oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, oligodendrocytes, and microglia. Preventing the decline in expression observed with aging of mice using transgenesis improved cognitive function and resilience, while also reducing mRNA markers of inflammation in 18-month old mice. Treating 18-month old mice with adropin peptide also improved cognitive performance. These results link adropin expression to cellular energy metabolism and stress responses in the brain and indicates a possible relationship with aging-related cognitive decline.

Arterial Stiffness Is Associated with White Matter Disruption and Cognitive Impairment: A Community-Based Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 567-576
Author(s):  
Fei Han ◽  
Fei-Fei Zhai ◽  
Ming-Li Li ◽  
Li-Xin Zhou ◽  
Jun Ni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
White Matter Injury ◽  
White Matter Integrity ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Mechanisms through which arterial stiffness impacts cognitive function are crucial for devising better strategies to prevent cognitive decline. Objective: To examine the associations of arterial stiffness with white matter integrity and cognition in community dwellings, and to investigate whether white matter injury was the intermediate of the associations between arterial stiffness and cognition. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional analysis on 952 subjects (aged 55.5±9.1 years) who underwent diffusion tensor imaging and measurement of brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). Both linear regression and tract-based spatial statistics were used to investigate the association between baPWV and white matter integrity. The association between baPWV and global cognitive function, measured as the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) was evaluated. Mediation analysis was performed to assess the influence of white matter integrity on the association of baPWV with MMSE. Results: Increased baPWV was significantly associated with lower mean global fractional anisotropy (β= –0.118, p < 0.001), higher mean diffusivity (β= 0.161, p < 0.001), axial diffusivity (β= 0.160, p < 0.001), and radial diffusivity (β= 0.147, p < 0.001) after adjustment of age, sex, and hypertension, which were measures having a direct effect on arterial stiffness and white matter integrity. After adjustment of age, sex, education, apolipoprotein E ɛ4, cardiovascular risk factors, and brain atrophy, we found an association of increased baPWV with worse performance on MMSE (β= –0.093, p = 0.011). White matter disruption partially mediated the effect of baPWV on MMSE. Conclusion: Arterial stiffness is associated with white matter disruption and cognitive decline. Reduced white matter integrity partially explained the effect of arterial stiffness on cognition.

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