scholarly journals 1H NMR-Based Chemometrics to Gain Insights Into the Bran of Radiation-Induced Colored Wheat Mutant

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun-Seo Kil ◽  
Ah-Reum Han ◽  
Min-Jeong Hong ◽  
Jin-Baek Kim ◽  
Pil-Hoon Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Primary Metabolites ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Induced Mutants ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Mutant Lines ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster Analyses ◽  
High Polarity

Recently, wheat has attracted attention as a functional food, rather than a simple dietary energy source. Accordingly, whole-grain intake increases with an understanding of bioactive phytochemicals in bran. The development of colored wheat has drawn more attention to the value of bran owing to its nutritional quality, as well as the antioxidant properties of the colorant. The present 1H NMR-based chemometric study evaluated the compositional improvement of radiation-induced mutants in purple wheat by focusing on the predominant metabolites with high polarity. A total of 33 metabolites, including three choline derivatives, three sugar alcohols, four sugars, 13 amino acids, eight organic acids, and two nucleosides, were identified throughout the 1H NMR spectra, and quantification data were obtained for the identified metabolites via peak shape-based quantification. Principal component and hierarchical cluster analyses were conducted for performing multivariate analyses. The colored original wheat was found to exhibit improvements compared to yellow wheat in terms of the contents of primary metabolites, thus highlighting the importance of conducting investigations of polar metabolites. The chemometrics studies further revealed mutant lines with a compositional enhancement for metabolites, including lysine, proline, acetate, and glycerol.

scholarly journals Differences among the Anthocyanin Accumulation Patterns and Related Gene Expression Levels in Red Pears

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Wu ◽  
Jianlong Liu ◽  
Linyan Song ◽  
Xieyu Li ◽  
Liu Cong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Anthocyanin Synthesis ◽  
Anthocyanin Accumulation ◽  
Related Gene ◽  
Accumulation Pattern ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Coloration Patterns ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster Analyses ◽  
Gene Expression Levels

Differences in coloration exist among red pear cultivars. Here, we selected six red pear cultivars with different genetic backgrounds to elucidate the characteristics of fruit pigmentation. We detected anthocyanin contents and the expression levels of anthocyanin synthesis-related genes in these cultivars at different stages of fruit development. The anthocyanin contents of all six cultivars showed a rise–drop tendency. Principal component and hierarchical cluster analyses were used to distinguish the types of cultivars and the genes crucial to each anthocyanin accumulation pattern. The six cultivars were divided into three groups. Red Zaosu were clustered into one group, Red Sichou and Starkrimson into another group, and Palacer, Red Bartlett, and 5 Hao clustered into a third group. The expression levels of F3H, UFGT2, MYB10, and bHLH3 were similar among the differential coloration patterns of the six cultivars, suggesting a critical and coordinated mechanism for anthocyanin synthesis. Anthocyanin transporters (GST) and light-responsive genes, such as COP1, PIF3.1, and PIF3.2 played limited roles in the regulation of anthocyanin accumulation. This study provides novel insights into the regulation of anthocyanins synthesis and accumulation in red pears.

scholarly journals Determination and Profiling of Secondary Metabolites in Aloe vera, Aloe arborescens and Aloe saponaria

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
The Other ◽  
Score Plot ◽  
Primary Metabolites ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Aloe Arborescens ◽  
High Predictability ◽  
Β Carotene

Metabolomics is as an innovative technique for discriminating plant species. The objective of this study was to investigate the secondary metabolites of three different Aloe species, A. vera, A. arborescens, and A. saponaria profiled by 1 H-NMR analysis. Principal component analysis (PCA) derived from the 1 H-NMR spectra indicated a clear discrimination among the Aloe species, providing high predictability and good fitness of the PCA model (R2 = 0.928 and Q2 = 865). As observed in the PLS-DA score plot, discrimination was observed in the Aloe species with respect to primary metabolites including sugar and organic acid and secondary metabolites such as phenylpropanoids and carotenoids. A. vera was characterized by high levels of malate. On the other hand, as compared to the other Aloe species, A. arborescens was characterized by higher levels of aloenin and sugar metabolites such as sucrose and glucose. Furthermore, the secondary metabolites were quantitatively analyzed by HPLC, and the amounts of carotenoids including zeaxanthin, α- and β-carotene, and phenylpropanoids in A. arborescens were found to be significantly higher than those in the other Aloe species. In conclusion, we demonstrated that 1 H-NMR-based metabolomics with chemometric analysis can be used for the facile discrimination of Aloe species.

Principal component and hierarchical cluster analyses for classification and categorization of sesame germplasm

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 345
Author(s):  
Amit Singh ◽  
Ram Avtar ◽  
Nisha Kumari ◽  
O. Sangwan ◽  
R. K. Sheoran
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Cluster Analyses ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster Analyses

scholarly journals Morphmetric analysis of apis cerana populations in Huangshan, China

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linsheng Yu ◽  
Fang Liu ◽  
Sisi Huang ◽  
Shoudong Bi ◽  
Chao Zong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Apis Cerana ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
Morphometric Methods ◽  
Wilks Lambda ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster Analyses

Abstract Honey bees (Apis cerana Fabricius) were collected from 195 colonies at seven different localities spanning the main beekeeping areas in Huangshan. Morphometric methods were used to measure seven standard morphometric characters, and these bees were compared to samples from the Henan, Shandong, and Yunnan provinces. Principal component analysis of the total Huangshan database yielded two clusters: bees from Jinxian and Jixixian, and those from other localities. Within the latter cluster, discriminant and hierarchical cluster analyses revealed overlapping regional sub-clusters: bees from Huangshanqu, Qimenxian, Huizhouqu, and Shexian, and those from Yixian. Significant differences between the means of the three clusters were demonstrated using Wilks’ lambda statistic. Morphocluster separation was related to altitude differences. Moreover, we noted some regions with high intercolonial variance, suggesting introgression among these defined honeybee populations.

scholarly journals GENETIC DIVERSITY IN SODIUM AZIDE-INDUCED BARLEY MUTANT LINES

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-391
Author(s):  
B. Dyulgerova ◽  
N. Dyulgerov
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Azide ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Spike Length ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
Grain Number Per Spike ◽  
Induced Mutants ◽  
Peduncle Length ◽  
Mutant Lines

The aim of this study was to assess the diversity among sodium azide-induced mutants of winter 2-rowed barley for 8 quantitative traits of by multivariate analyses. Forty-seven mutant lines and their parental varieties Kuber, Zagorets, Asparuh, and Imeon were tested in complete block design with four replications. The studied traits included spike length, awn length, peduncle length, spikelet and grain number per spike, grain weight per spike, 1000 grain weight and grain yield. Principal component and cluster analyses were used for the assessment of mutants. Traits spike length, spikelet number per a spike, grain number per spike and grain weight per spike had the largest contribution to the divergence between mutants. The cluster and principal component analyses employed in the present study divided the mutant lines into different groups, which were deviated significantly from the respective parents. Diverse mutant lines with improved yield-related traits suitable for including in winter barley breeding program were identified.

scholarly journals Chemical Polymorphism of Essential Oils from Populations of Laurus nobilis Grown on Tunisia, Algeria and France

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1100601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanen Marzouki ◽  
Abdelhamid Khaldi ◽  
Bruno Marongiu ◽  
Alessandra Piras ◽  
Fethia Harzallah-Skhiri
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Methyl Eugenol ◽  
Laurus Nobilis ◽  
Mediterranean Populations ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Chemical Polymorphism ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster Analyses

The compositions of the essential oils isolated from the aerial parts of tree Mediterranean populations of Laurus nobilis L. collected during the flowering phase on Tunisia, Algeria and France, were studied by GC and GC-MS. The analysis has allowed identifying 54 components. The main components were 1,8-cineole, α-terpinyl acetate (10-18.6%), methyl eugenol (10-22.1%), sabinene (1.2-8%), eugenol (1.2-11.7%) α-pinene (tr-4.5%) and β-pinene (0.4-4.2%). The monoterpene fraction was dominant in all the oils analysed and consisted mainly of oxygenated monoterpenes. The oils from the tree populations studied showed a clear chemical polymorphism. The principal component and the hierarchical cluster analyses separated the Laurus nobilis leaf essential oils into three groups.

scholarly journals Application of principal component and hierarchical cluster analyses in the classification of Serbian bottled waters and a comparison with waters from some European countries

2017 ◽  
Vol 82 (6) ◽  
pp. 711-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Cvejanov ◽  
Biljana Skrbic
Keyword(s):  
Major Ions ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Fast Classification ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster Analyses

The contents of major ions in bottled waters were analyzed by principal component (PCA) and hierarchical cluster (HCA) analysis in order to investigate if these techniques could provide the information necessary for classifications of the water brands marketed in Serbia. Data on the contents of Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl-, SO4 2-, HCO3 - and total dissolved solids (TDS) of 33 bottled waters was used as the input data set. The waters were separated into three main clusters according to their levels of TDS, Na+ and HCO3 -; sub-clustering revealed a group of soft waters with the lowest total hardness. Based on the determined chemical parameters, the Serbian waters were further compared with available literature data on bottled waters from some other European countries. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report applying chemometric classification of bottled waters from different European countries, thereby representing a unique attempt in contrast to previous studies reporting the results primarily on a country-to-country scale. The diverse character of Serbian bottled waters was demonstrated as well as the usefulness of PCA and HCA in the fast classification of the water brands based on their main chemical parameters.

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