scholarly journals Natural Medicines for the Treatment of Epilepsy: Bioactive Components, Pharmacology and Mechanism

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Ying He ◽  
Mei-Bian Hu ◽  
Ruo-Lan Li ◽  
Rong Zhao ◽  
Lin-Hong Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
Brain Dysfunction ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Cure Rate ◽  
Sugar Degradation ◽  
Genetic Level ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Natural Drugs ◽  
Glial Cell Proliferation ◽  
Natural Medicines

Epilepsy is a chronic disease that can cause temporary brain dysfunction as a result of sudden abnormal discharge of the brain neurons. The seizure mechanism of epilepsy is closely related to the neurotransmitter imbalance, synaptic recombination, and glial cell proliferation. In addition, epileptic seizures can lead to mitochondrial damage, oxidative stress, and the disorder of sugar degradation. Although the mechanism of epilepsy research has reached up to the genetic level, the presently available treatment and recovery records of epilepsy does not seem promising. Recently, natural medicines have attracted more researches owing to their low toxicity and side-effects as well as the excellent efficacy, especially in chronic diseases. In this study, the antiepileptic mechanism of the bioactive components of natural drugs was reviewed so as to provide a reference for the development of potential antiepileptic drugs. Based on the different treatment mechanisms of natural drugs considered in this review, it is possible to select drugs clinically. Improving the accuracy of medication and the cure rate is expected to compensate for the shortage of the conventional epilepsy treatment drugs.

scholarly journals Advances in research on the effects of natural drugs with immune-promoting effects on immune function

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 205873922092687
Author(s):  
Lu Wang ◽  
Sha Li ◽  
Haibo Liu ◽  
Lidao Bao
Keyword(s):  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Specific Immunity ◽  
Natural Medicine ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Great Progress ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Natural Drugs ◽  
Natural Medicines ◽  
Made In

Immune-enhanced natural medicines have gradually formed unique functions and usages through long-term medical practice, which contained rich immunological ideas and contents. The immune-enhancing natural medicine has a wide range of pharmacological effects in anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-viral, and immunity enhancement. In recent years, great progress has been made in the study of immune-enhanced natural drugs. In this article, the main active ingredients of some natural drugs with immune-enhancing function are reviewed, which can enhance immunity by regulating the level of some cytokines and affecting the function of non-specific immunity and specific immunity. The experimental research provides the basis and prospects for the research and development of immune-enhanced natural drugs in the future, providing new ideas for immunotherapy.

scholarly journals Mechanism of drug-induced liver injury and hepatoprotective effects of natural drugs

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongfeng Zhou ◽  
Junnan Wang ◽  
Dingkun Zhang ◽  
Jiaxin Liu ◽  
Qinghua Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Drug Induced Liver Injury ◽  
Health Products ◽  
Hepatoprotective Effects ◽  
Clinical Drugs ◽  
Traditional Natural ◽  
Natural Drugs ◽  
Natural Medicines

AbstractDrug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a common adverse drug reaction (ADR) and a serious threat to health that affects disease treatments. At present, no targeted clinical drugs are available for DILI. Traditional natural medicines have been widely used as health products. Some natural medicines exert specific hepatoprotective effects, with few side effects and significant clinical efficacy. Thus, natural medicines may be a promising direction for DILI treatment. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge, common drugs and mechanisms of DILI, as well as the clinical trials of natural drugs and their bioactive components in anticipation of the future development of potential hepatoprotective drugs.

Metabolic regulation of synaptic activity

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 825-835 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergei V. Fedorovich ◽  
Tatyana V. Waseem
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Disease ◽  
Ketogenic Diet ◽  
Neuronal Death ◽  
Metabolic Regulation ◽  
Glutamate Release ◽  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
Brain Dysfunction ◽  
Synaptic Activity ◽  
Brain Diseases ◽  
The Brain

AbstractBrain tissue is bioenergetically expensive. In humans, it composes approximately 2% of body weight and accounts for approximately 20% of calorie consumption. The brain consumes energy mostly for ion and neurotransmitter transport, a process that occurs primarily in synapses. Therefore, synapses are expensive for any living creature who has brain. In many brain diseases, synapses are damaged earlier than neurons start dying. Synapses may be considered as vulnerable sites on a neuron. Ischemic stroke, an acute disturbance of blood flow in the brain, is an example of a metabolic disease that affects synapses. The associated excessive glutamate release, called excitotoxicity, is involved in neuronal death in brain ischemia. Another example of a metabolic disease is hypoglycemia, a complication of diabetes mellitus, which leads to neuronal death and brain dysfunction. However, synapse function can be corrected with “bioenergetic medicine”. In this review, a ketogenic diet is discussed as a curative option. In support of a ketogenic diet, whereby carbohydrates are replaced for fats in daily meals, epileptic seizures can be terminated. In this review, we discuss possible metabolic sensors in synapses. These may include molecules that perceive changes in composition of extracellular space, for instance, ketone body and lactate receptors, or molecules reacting to changes in cytosol, for instance, KATPchannels or AMP kinase. Inhibition of endocytosis is believed to be a universal synaptic mechanism of adaptation to metabolic changes.

Mechanisms of action of intravenous immunoglobulin in septic encephalopathy

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 417-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Figen Esen ◽  
Perihan Ergin Ozcan ◽  
Erdem Tuzun ◽  
M. Dustin Boone
Keyword(s):  
Intravenous Immunoglobulin ◽  
Apoptotic Cell ◽  
Brain Dysfunction ◽  
Ivig Treatment ◽  
Neuronal Dysfunction ◽  
Septic Encephalopathy ◽  
Behavioral Deficits ◽  
Classical Complement Pathway ◽  
Acute Brain Dysfunction ◽  
Glial Cell Proliferation

Abstract Acute brain dysfunction associated with sepsis is a serious complication that results in morbidity and mortality. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) treatment is known to alleviate behavioral deficits in the experimentally induced model of sepsis. To delineate the mechanisms by which IVIg treatment prevents neuronal dysfunction, an array of immunological and apoptosis markers was investigated. Our results suggest that IVIgG and IgGAM administration ameliorates neuronal dysfunction and behavioral deficits by reducing apoptotic cell death and glial cell proliferation. IgGAM treatment might suppress classical complement pathway by reducing C5a activity and proapoptotic NF-κB and Bax expressions, thereby, inhibiting major inflammation and apoptosis cascades. Future animal model experiments performed with specific C5aR and NF-κB agonists/antagonists or C5aR-deficient mice might more robustly disclose the significance of these pathways. C5a, C5aR, and NF-κB, which were shown to be the key molecules in brain injury pathogenesis in sepsis, might also be utilized as potential targets for future treatment trials of septic encephalopathy.

scholarly journals HPLC/DAD Comparison of Sixteen Bioactive Components between Da-Cheng-Qi Decoction and its Parent Herbal Medicines

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1000500
Author(s):  
Fengguo Xu ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
Rui Song ◽  
Haijuan Dong ◽  
Zunjian Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Preparation Procedure ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Natural Medicines ◽  
Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei

Differences in the contents of sixteen bioactive components (three tannins, five anthraquinones, six flavonoids and two neolignans) between Da-Cheng-Qi decoction (DCQD) and its three constitutional herbal medicines (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, Cortex Magnoliae officinalis, and Fructus Aurantii Immaturus) were compared using validated HPLC/DAD methods. The results indicated that there existed some kinds of interactions between these constitutional natural medicines during the DCQD preparation procedure, which could either enhance or depress the extractive rates of bioactive components.

scholarly journals Evaluation of toxicity and teratogenicity of anti-psychotic drugs followed by determination of anti-psychotic property of Mangifera indica bark through behavioral assay on Danio rerio model

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 4908-4918
Author(s):  
Neeldeep Ganguly ◽  
Tamalika Chakraborty ◽  
Abhijit Sengupta
Keyword(s):  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Anti Psychotic ◽  
Fish Embryo ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Toxicity Monitoring ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
The Right ◽  
Natural Medicines

Psychosis is a gathering of genuine sicknesses that influence the brain. About 2% of the populace experiences psychosis worldwide. As of now accessible advertised medications like , has some genuine antagonistic impacts. there is no agreeable cure available for avoidance and the executives of psychosis. Thus, the interest in natural medication is expanding. We have correlated the toxicity of various synthetic drugs ( and ) with that of the mango bark extract and assessed the proficiency of the natural medicines by building up social test on model followed by the investigation of the chemical drugs just as herbal medications. Bradycardia, increased amount of deaths in embryos were observed during the toxicity monitoring of chemical medications, and in terms of bending of tail, , loss of blood circulation and death of eggs were also found in acute toxicity study. On the other hand, the mango bark did show a very high range LC50 value inferring low toxicity of the extract. Also, the extract did not show any significant and gave good results in the assay. With such high rate of toxicity and effect of chemical drugs on the fish embryo, it can be estimated to show some in humans too, as we have the right amount of similar genes with that of thus an alternative to such chemical drugs can be the mango bark extract which showed low toxicity rate and almost negligible and even its anti-psychotic property is not compromised. with further modifications and investigations, the mango bark extract can be thought of as an alternative to that of the current chemical drugs with the elimination of unnecessary .

Natural medicines for the treatment of fatigue: Bioactive components, pharmacology, and mechanisms

2019 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
pp. 104409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuanhong Luo ◽  
Xiaorong Xu ◽  
Xichuan Wei ◽  
Wuwen Feng ◽  
Haozhou Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Natural Medicines

Plant-derived natural medicines for the management of depression: an overview of mechanisms of action

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzieh Sarbandi Farahani ◽  
Roodabeh Bahramsoltani ◽  
Mohammad Hosein Farzaei ◽  
Mohammad Abdollahi ◽  
Roja Rahimi
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Psychiatric Disorder ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
The World ◽  
Natural Drugs ◽  
Natural Medicines

AbstractDepression is a serious widespread psychiatric disorder that affects approximately 17% of people all over the world. Exploring the neurological mechanisms of the antidepressant activity of plant-derived agents could have a crucial role in developing natural drugs for the management of depression. The aim of the present study is to review the neurological mechanisms of action of antidepressant plants and their constituents. For this purpose, electronic databases, including PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, and Cochrane Library, were searched from 1966 to October 2013. The results showed that several molecular mechanisms could be proposed for the antidepressant activity of medicinal plants and their constituents.

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