scholarly journals Synthesis of Icariin-Zinc and its Protective Effect on Exercise Fatigue and Reproductive System Related Glands in Male Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juntao Zhang ◽  
Chao Zhang ◽  
Aifeng Liu ◽  
Qiang Ji ◽  
Lixia Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Zinc Complex ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Swimming Training ◽  
Swimming Time ◽  
Testicular Weight ◽  
Exercise Fatigue

Background: Icariin, a traditional Chinese medicine, plays a protective role in the treatment of exercise fatigue. Zinc, a trace element, plays an important role in the reproductive system. Therefore, we aimed to synthesize an Icariin-Zinc complex (by chemical means) and verify its protective effect on exercise fatigue and the reproductive system using animal experiments.Methods: The icariin-zinc complex was prepared by the reaction of icariin carbonyl and zinc ions (molar ratio 1:3). The molecular formula and structural formula of the complex were identified and tested. Fifty-six rats selected by swimming training were randomly divided into six groups: static control, exercise control, icariin, gluconate zinc (G-Zn group), icariin glucose zinc and icariin-zinc exercise ( low, high dose/L-E group, H-E group) groups. These groups respectively received the following doses: 1 ml/100 g, daily gavage with NS (for the first two groups), 45 mg/kg icariin, 110 mg/kg Gluconate Zinc, Icariin glucose zinc (45 mg/kg Icariin and 110 mg/kg Gluconate Zinc), 60 mg/kg icariin zinc and 180 mg/kg icariin zinc. After 3 weeks of gavage, we conducted 6 weeks of exhaustive swimming training. Test indices such as exhaustive swimming time of rats and body weight were evaluated after the last training exercise. The seminal vesicles, testes, and prostate gland were weighed, and their indices were calculated. The levels of testosterone (in the plasma) and glycogen (in the liver and muscle homogenates) were also evaluated using ELISA.Results: Compared with the static control group, the exhaustive swimming time of the rats in each group was prolonged. Compared with the other groups, the exhaustive swimming time of the L-E and H-E groups was significantly longer (p < 0.01); the Icariin-Zinc complex significantly increased the exhaustive swimming time of the rats. Compared with the static control group, the plasma testosterone content of the L-E and H-E groups increased significantly (p < 0.05). Compared with the exercise control group and G-Zn group, the plasma testosterone content of the H-E group also increased significantly (p < 0.01). The Icariin-Zinc complex significantly increased the serum levels of testosterone in rats. Compared with the control group, the muscle glycogen reserves of each group decreased, indicating that the muscle glycogen reserves of the rats decreased after swimming. Compared with other groups, the Icariin-Zinc complex can reduce the level of glycogen in the muscles, indicating that it can increase the utilization efficiency of glycogen in muscles. Compared with the static control and exercise control groups, the testicular weight of rats in the administration groups increased slightly. The Icariin-Zinc complex increased the testicular weight, indicating that the function of the reproductive system was improved to some extent.Conclusion: Icariin-Zinc can significantly prolong the exhaustive swimming time, improve exercise ability, and increase the plasma testosterone level (which is beneficial for improving the reproductive ability of male rats). Moreover, the beneficial effect of Icariin-Zinc on the glycogen content, testis index, and other reproductive system glands is dose-dependent.

scholarly journals Vitamin B17 Ameliorates Methotrexate-Induced Reproductive Toxicity, Oxidative Stress, and Testicular Injury in Male Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shatha G. Felemban ◽  
Maha A. Aldubayan ◽  
Ahmad H. Alhowail ◽  
Ibtesam S. Almami
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Testicular Toxicity ◽  
Testicular Weight

Methotrexate (MTX; 4-amino-10-methylfolic acid) is a folic acid reductase inhibitor used to treat autoimmune diseases and certain types of cancer. Testicular toxicity resulting from MTX is a significant side effect that may cause subsequent infertility. The present study was conducted to examine the ameliorating effects of vitamin B17 (VitB17) against testicular toxicity induced by MTX in male rats. A total of 50 male albino rats were equally divided into five groups [control group; vitamin B17 group (VitB17) administered VitB17 only; methotrexate group administered MTX only; cotreated group, (VitB17+MTX) and posttreated group (MTX+VitB17)]. In methotrexate group (MTX), a significant decrease was observed in body weight and the testicular weight, as well as the levels of plasma testosterone, luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone compared with control. The sperm count, viability, morphology index, total motility, and progressive motility also decreased in MTX rats compared with control. Furthermore, the levels of reduced glutathione, catalase, and superoxide dismutase, as well as proliferating cell nuclear antigen protein expression, in the testicular tissue decreased in MTX compared with control. In addition, MTX caused a significant increase in DNA and tissue damage compared with control. However, VitB17 ameliorated these effects, indicating that it has a preventative and curative effect against MTX-induced reproductive toxicity in male rats. The protective effect of VitB17 may be associated to its antioxidant properties as it possibly acts as a free-radical scavenger and lipid peroxidation inhibitor, as well as its protective effect on the levels of GSH, SOD, and CAT.

Effects of oestradiol benzoate (OeB) and human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) on the testes and accessory sex glands of the rat

1981 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mridula Chowdhury ◽  
Robert Tcholakian ◽  
Emil Steinberger
Keyword(s):  
Treated Group ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intact Male ◽  
Intact Control ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Oestradiol Benzoate ◽  
Direct Inhibitory Effect

Abstract. It has been suggested that treatment of intact male rats with oestradiol benzoate (OeB) causes an interference with testosterone (T) production by the testes by a direct inhibitory effect on steroidogenesis. To test this hypothesis, different doses (5, 10 or 25 IU) of hCG were administered concomitantly with 50 μg of OeB to adult intact or hypophysectomized male rats. The testicular and plasma testosterone, and serum hCG levels were determined. The sex accessory weights were recorded. In the intact OeB-treated group of animals, hCG stimulated both the secondary sex organs and plasma testosterone levels above the intact control group. However, in hypophysectomized animals, although plasma testosterone levels increased above that of intact controls, their secondary sex organ weights did not. Moreover, inspite of high circulating hCG levels, the testicular testosterone content and concentration remained suppressed in OeB-treated animals. The reason for such dichotomy of hCG action on OeB-treated animals is not clear at present.

Protective effect of vanillin against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced oxidative brain injury in rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 655-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Makni ◽  
Yassine Chtourou ◽  
Mohamed Barkallah ◽  
Hamadi Fetoui
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Brain Damage ◽  
Glutathione Transferase ◽  
Single Injection ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Degree Of Protection ◽  
Oxidative Brain Injury

This study investigated the protective effects of vanillin against acute brain damage induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in rats. The study was performed on 32 male rats divided into four groups: a control group, vanillin group ([Va] 150 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneally [i.p.]) and CCl4 toxication groups received a single injection of CCl4 (1 ml/kg, i.p.; CCl4 and Va + CCl4 groups). The degree of protection in brain tissue was evaluated by the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase, glutathione transferase, glutathione peroxidase and nitric oxide (NO). Vanillin showed a significant brain-protective effect by decreasing the level of lipid peroxidation and NO2 and elevated the activities of antioxidative enzymes and level of GSH. Consequently vanillin blocked oxidative brain damage induced by CCl4 in rats.

scholarly journals Testosterone immunoreactivity in the seminiferous epithelium of rat testis: effect of treatment with ethane dimethanesulfonate.

1989 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 1667-1673 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Schulz ◽  
F Paris ◽  
P Lembke ◽  
V Blüm
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cell ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Seminiferous Epithelium ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Treatment Level ◽  
Cell Nuclei ◽  
Testicular Weight

Androgens drive spermatogenesis by processes that are largely unknown. Direct effects on germ cells and indirect effects mediated via testicular somatic elements are currently under consideration, and specific localization of androgens in seminiferous tubules may provide information as regards this. Adult male rats were injected with ethane dimethanesulfonate (EDS; 75 mg/kg body weight) or vehicle. Testes were fixed and paraffin-embedded for localization of testosterone immunoreactivity 1 and 2 weeks after treatment, using the unlabeled antibody (PAP) technique. Plasma testosterone dropped from a pre-treatment level of 2.3 ng/ml to below 0.2 ng/ml 3 days after EDS injection and remained at low levels until the end of observation, accompanied by a progressive decrease in testicular weight. In the seminiferous tubules of vehicle-injected males, testosterone immunoreactivity was found in nuclei of spermatocytes and spermatids and in nuclei and the cytoplasm of Sertoli cells, and showed typical variations according to the stage of spermatogenesis. One week after EDS treatment, immunoreactivity had disappeared from the seminiferous epithelium. Two weeks after treatment, staining of germ cells was detected in two out of four males. The disappearance and reappearance of immunoreactivity coincided with the time course of EDS effects on rat Leydig cells, and we conclude that it corresponds to androgen specifically localized in fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue. Because staining of germ cell nuclei varied with the stage of spermatogenesis, the technique may detect a physiologically relevant androgen fraction; its location suggests that androgens may also directly affect certain germ cell stages.

Protective effect ofCymbopogon citratuson hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in the reproductive system of male rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 329-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saleh M. Rahim ◽  
Ekhlass M. Taha ◽  
Zaid M. Mubark ◽  
Salam S. Aziz ◽  
K.D. Simon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Male Rats

scholarly journals Protective effect of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate against methotrexate-induced testicular damage

2021 ◽  
pp. 096032712110356
Author(s):  
Ozlem Delen ◽  
Yesim H Uz
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pyrrolidine Dithiocarbamate ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Testicular Damage

The aim of the study was to investigate the protective effect of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) against methotrexate (MTX)-induced testicular damage in rats. Forty Wistar albino male rats were divided into equally four groups: Control group (saline solution, IP), PDTC group (100 mg/kg PDTC,IP, 10 days), MTX group (20 mg/kg MTX, IP, single dose, on the 6th day) and MTX + PDTC group (100 mg/kg PDTC, IP, 10 days and 20 mg/kg MTX, IP, single dose, on the 6th day). After 10 days, testicular tissues were excised for morphometric, histological and immunohistochemical evaluations. Serum testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and prokineticin 2 (PK2) levels were determined. Body and testicular weights were measured. Testicular damage was assessed by histological evaluation. Nuclear factor kappa B (NFkB), nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) and PK2 immunoreactivities were evaluated by HSCORE. Body and testicular weights, serum FSH, LH, testosterone levels, seminiferous tubule diameter and germinal epithelial thickness were significantly decreased in the MTX group. However, serum PK2 level, histologically damaged seminiferous tubules and interstitial field width were significantly increased. Additionally, there was an increase in NFkB and PK2 immunoreactivity, whereas there was a significant decrease in Nrf2 immunoreactivity. PDTC significantly improved hormonal, morphometric, histological and immunohistochemical findings. Taken together, we conclude that PDTC may reduce MTX-induced testicular damage via NFkB, Nrf2 and PK2 signaling pathways.

Cilostazol Effect on Amikacin-Induced Ototoxicity: An Experimental Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 250-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Waheed El-Anwar ◽  
Said Abdelmonem ◽  
Ebtessam Nada ◽  
Dalia Galhoom ◽  
Ahmed A. Abdelsameea
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Frequency Bands ◽  
Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions

Objectives: To find out the possible protective effect of cilostazol against amikacin-induced ototoxicity. Methods: This study was carried out on 24 adult male rats classified into 4 equal groups of 6 animals each. (1) The control group was administered saline (1 ml/day, p.o.) for 14 days. (2) The amikacin group was administered amikacin (200 mg/kg, i.m.) once daily for 14 days. (3) The cilostazol-amikacin (14 days) group was administered cilostazol (30 mg/kg, p.o.) once daily and amikacin (200 mg/kg, i.m.) once daily for 14 days. (4) The cilostazol (28 days)-amikacin (14 days) group was administered cilostazol (30 mg/kg, p.o.) once daily for 28 days and amikacin (200 mg/kg, i.m.) once daily for 14 days. Changes in the transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs) in the 4 groups were interpreted statistically. Results: No reported significant differences in TEOAE levels were detected between the groups at the start of the study. In all frequency bands, TEOAEs disappeared after amikacin treatment in the amikacin-alone group and remained absent in the amikacin-cilostazol (14 days) group, while TEOAEs reappeared in the amikacin-cilostazol (28 days) group. Conclusion: Cilostazol treatment for 28 days had a protective effect against amikacin-induced ototoxicity in rats.

scholarly journals A single neonatal administration of soybean oil and/or tamoxifen affects permanently the testis histomorphology in adult rats.

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia González-González ◽  
Everardo González-Padilla ◽  
Francisco Fierro-Fierro ◽  
María De Lourdes Juárez-Mosqueda ◽  
Juan José Pérez-Rivero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Sexual Differentiation ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Testicular Weight ◽  
Neonatal Administration

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of tamoxifen (Tx) and its vehicle, soybean oil (SO), during the critical period of hypothalamic sexual differentiation in newborn male rats, regarding gonadal histomorphology during adulthood. The animals were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 5 each). An hour after birth, one group was treated subcutaneously with 200 μg of Tx, using commercial SO (20 uL) as a vehicle; another group was treated with only 20 μL of SO; the control group received no treatment. All rats were weighed and sacrificed by cervical dislocation on day 90 post-treatment. Testicles were removed, weighed and processed for histological evaluation. The single administration of Tx and/or SO during the critical period of sexual differentiation of the hypothalamus permanently altered testicular histomorphology, spermatogenesis, and body weight in adulthood. Alterations included vacuolization and reduction in the number of spermatogonia and Sertoli cells. The administration of Tx reduced the testicular weight, the diameter and area of the seminiferous tubules, and the height of the germinal epithelium, and increased the intertubular space. Soybean oil by itself reduced the number of spermatocytes and spermatids more than Tx did. There was no effect on the number of Leydig cells. The possibility that soybean oil can act as an endocrine disruptor deserves greater attention and opens the possibility for the development of new methods of pest control.

scholarly journals How do vegetable oils (hazelnut and canola) affect the reproductive system in male rats?

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Bűlent Kati ◽  
Fatih Oguz ◽  
Ismet Yilmaz ◽  
Ender Akdemir ◽  
Ramazan Altintas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Canola Oil ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Hazelnut Oil ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Serum Hormone ◽  
Group Ii

Objective: Vegetable oils have an important place in our daily diet. This study starts from this point to investigate the effects of canola oil and hazelnut oil in the male reproductive system in rats. Material and methods: 30 male rats were used in this 16-week study. The animals were divided into three groups: the animals in group I served as the control group, while the animals in group II and group III were fed with hazelnut and canola oil, respectively. The testes of all rats were excised for histopathologic evaluation and immunohistochemical (IHC) evaluation with a standard method. Blood samples were obtained for determination of serum hormone levels. Results: No significant differences were noted with respect to behavior or weight among the three groups. Rats in the canola oil group (group III) had higher luteinizing hormone (LH) and higher testosterone levels than rats in the control group. Rats who received hazelnut oil (group II) exhibited similar findings, with these levels being higher than they were in the control group. No statistical differences were shown for histopathology or IHC testosterone antibody levels across all treatment groups. Conclussion: Canola oil was shown to have a greater effect on serum LH and testosterone compared to the control group and the group fed with hazelnut oil. Further investigation is required into how these oils affect serum hormone and sperm activity.

scholarly journals The Effect of Exercise Training and Portulaca Oleracea on Neurobehavioral Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetic Rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hesam Parsa ◽  
Tayebeh Shiravand ◽  
Kamal Ranjbar ◽  
Alireza Komaki
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Portulaca Oleracea ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Swimming Training ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Healthy Control

Abstract Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the most important causes of Alzheimer’s disease and dementia. Portulaca oleracea (P.oleracea) is a rich source of antioxidants, which reduces inflammation and oxidative stress in diabetic rats. Exercise training has also been shown to improve mental function and enhance learning and memory efficacy. Therefore, this study was designed to explore the potential combined effect of P. oleracea and exercise training on neurobehavioral dysfunction in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic male rats. Methods: For this purpose, 50 male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: 1) healthy control group (Con), 2) sedentary diabetic group (D), 3) diabetic rats treated with P. oleracea(D+Po), 4) diabetic rats treated with exercise training (D+Ex), and 5) diabetic rats treated with P.oleracea and exercise training (D+Po+Ex) simultaneously. Animals in the exercise groups were subjected to progressive swimming training for 12weeks. P.oleracea was mixed with standard pellet food for 12weeks. Neurobehavioral dysfunction was investigated by elevated plus-maze, shuttle box, open field, and novel object recognition tests.Results: Compared with the normal control group, rats in the sedentary diabetic group showed a more passive avoidance memory deficit and more anxiety, and less exploration. Due to exercise training and treatment with P. oleracea, the neurobehavioral deficit in the trained diabetic rats receiving P. oleracea reached the normal levels of those in the healthy group.Conclusion: These data demonstrated that diabetes causes significant neurobehavioral deficit. Nevertheless, swimming training and P. oleracea synergistically ameliorate and reverse the neurobehavioral deficit in STZ-induced diabetic male rats.

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