scholarly journals Overexpression of a SOC1-Related Gene Promotes Bud Break in Ecodormant Poplars

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Gómez-Soto ◽  
José M. Ramos-Sánchez ◽  
Daniel Alique ◽  
Daniel Conde ◽  
Paolo M. Triozzi ◽  
...  

Perennial species in the boreal and temperate regions are subject to extreme annual variations in light and temperature. They precisely adapt to seasonal changes by synchronizing cycles of growth and dormancy with external cues. Annual dormancy–growth transitions and flowering involve factors that integrate environmental and endogenous signals. MADS-box transcription factors have been extensively described in the regulation of Arabidopsis flowering. However, their participation in annual dormancy–growth transitions in trees is minimal. In this study, we investigate the function of MADS12, a Populus tremula × alba SUPPRESSOR OF CONSTANS OVEREXPRESSION 1 (SOC1)-related gene. Our gene expression analysis reveals that MADS12 displays lower mRNA levels during the winter than during early spring and mid-spring. Moreover, MADS12 activation depends on the fulfillment of the chilling requirement. Hybrid poplars overexpressing MADS12 show no differences in growth cessation and bud set, while ecodormant plants display an early bud break, indicating that MADS12 overexpression promotes bud growth reactivation. Comparative expression analysis of available bud break-promoting genes reveals that MADS12 overexpression downregulates the GIBBERELLINS 2 OXIDASE 4 (GA2ox4), a gene involved in gibberellin catabolism. Moreover, the mid-winter to mid-spring RNAseq profiling indicates that MADS12 and GA2ox4 show antagonistic expression during bud dormancy release. Our results support MADS12 participation in the reactivation of shoot meristem growth during ecodormancy and link MADS12 activation and GA2ox4 downregulation within the temporal events that lead to poplar bud break.

2002 ◽  
Vol 205 (10) ◽  
pp. 1419-1427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason R. Treberg ◽  
Connie E. Wilson ◽  
Robert C. Richards ◽  
K. Vanya Ewart ◽  
William R. Driedzic

SUMMARY Smelt (Osmerus mordax) were maintained at either ambient water temperature or approximately 5°C and various aspects of their freeze-avoidance response were examined from early winter until early spring. Plasma levels of glycerol, trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) and urea were elevated by December 15 and continued to increase in fish held in ambient conditions. In contrast, fish held under warm conditions exhibited decreased glycerol and urea content in plasma, muscle and liver. Plasma and liver TMAO levels also decreased in these fish while muscle TMAO did not vary from the initial values. The activity of liver enzymes involved with the production of glycerol did not differ significantly between groups and had decreased by the end of the study. Antifreeze protein (AFP) expression increased over the duration of the experiment. In January samples, AFP activity (thermal hysteresis) did not vary significantly between groups but mRNA levels were significantly lower in the smelt held at warm temperatures.


2020 ◽  
Vol 245 ◽  
pp. 153107
Author(s):  
Peifeng Zhang ◽  
Fang Zheng ◽  
Lei Chen ◽  
Xiaofang Lu ◽  
Wei Tian

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorunn Børve ◽  
Arne Stensvand

Healthy appearing buds of five apple cultivars from 2 experimental and 9 commercial orchards were collected and incubated in saturated air at 20°C in early spring (prior to bud break) over three years. Colletotrichum acutatum sporulated on 0 to 7% (mean 1.3%) of the buds from both commercial and experimental orchards. Infected apple buds are suggested as a potential source of inoculum in spring. Accepted for publication 5 February 2007. Published 22 May 2007.


Author(s):  
Qianlin Xiao ◽  
Bin Wei ◽  
Yayun Wang ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
Huanhuan Huang ◽  
...  

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 168-168
Author(s):  
Alexandra Drakaki ◽  
Maria Hatziapostolou ◽  
Christos Polytarchou ◽  
Dimitrios Iliopoulos

168 Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the main type of liver cancer. MicroRNAs are non-coding RNAs that have been involved in the pathogenesis of different cancer types. Our aim was to identify microRNAs that have functional and clinical significance in liver oncogenesis and understand how manipulation of their levels could have a therapeutic potential. Methods: MicroRNA expression analysis was performed in 38 HCC tissues and 25 normal liver tissues. A microRNA library (318 microRNAs) was transfected in SNU-449 liver cancer cells and invasiveness was measured 24 h later by a matrigel invasion assay. Cell growth and matrigel invasion assays were performed in SNU-449 cells that were transfected with miR-9 or antisense-miR-9 (20nM). TargetScan algorithm was used to identify miR-9 direct downstream target genes. The mRNA levels of PPARalpha, and E-cadherin were assessed by real-time PCR 48h after miR-9 overexpression and down-regulation in SNU-449 cells. Results: MicroRNA expression analysis in 38 HCCs and 25 normal liver tissues identified a 25-microRNA signature of HCC. Integration of the library screen and patient data revealed that miR-9 has clinical and functional relevance for liver cancer. Specifically, we found that miR-9 increases 2.7-fold the invasiveness and the growth of SNU-449 cells, 48h post transfection. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that miR-9 has a binding site in the 3’UTR of PPARalpha gene. MiR-9 overexpression inhibited 35% PPARalpha 3’UTR luciferase activity and 60% mRNA levels, while miR-9 down-regulation led to 75% increased PPARalpha mRNA levels. These data suggest that miR-9 targets directly the 3'UTR of PPARalpha and regulates its expression levels in liver cancer cells. In addition, miR-9 overexpression led to 95% suppression of E-cadherin mRNA levels in SNU-449 cells, thus increasing their metastatic potential. Conclusions: We found that miR-9 is highly overexpressed in liver cancer patients and its up-regulation increases the growth and metastatic potential of liver cancer cells. Overall these data suggest that miR-9 is a novel oncogene involved in liver oncogenesis and its suppression could have therapeutic potential in liver cancer patients.


2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 983-991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhifeng Wen ◽  
Min Gao ◽  
Chen Jiao ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Hui Xu ◽  
...  

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