scholarly journals Introducing the Concept of Consonance-Disconsonance of Best Practice: A Focus on the Development of ‘Student Profiling’

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huy P. Phan ◽  
Bing H. Ngu
Keyword(s):  
Best Practice ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
Pedagogical Practices ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Psychological Constructs ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Taipei City ◽  
Interest Profile ◽  
A Current

The present study, using a non-experimental approach, investigated a theoretical concept of best practice, which we recently introduced – namely: a ‘state of consonance’ and a ‘state of disconsonance’ of best practice. Consonance of best practice posits that different levels of best practice (e.g., low level of best practice versus optimal level of best practice), as well as other comparable psychological constructs (e.g., motivation towards learning) would cluster or ‘group’ together. Disconsonance of best practice, in contrast, would indicate non-overlapping of contrasting levels of best practice (i.e., low level of best practice versus optimal level of best practice). Taiwanese undergraduates (N = 831) from five private universities in Taipei City and New Taipei City, Taiwan took part in the study by responding to a suite of Likert-scale questionnaires (e.g., Best Practice Questionnaires, Motivation towards Learning Questionnaire), which took approximately 30–35 min to complete. Cluster analysis, commonly known as ClA, was used to analyze the data and seek theoretical understanding into the nature of the consonance of best practice. Results, overall, showed support for our proposition, resulting in four distinct profiles: ‘a Balanced Profile,’ ‘an Intrinsic Motivation Profile,’ ‘a Current Best Practice + Interest Profile,’ and ‘a Current Best Practice + Motivation Profile.’ This evidence, helping to advance further research development, has a number of practical implications for consideration. For example, how could we use the Balanced Profile to develop learning objectives and/or pedagogical practices that would encourage students to enjoy their learning experiences?

Pilot Workload Factors in the Total Pilot-Vehicle-Task System

1983 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 234-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert K. Heffley
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Workload Prediction ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Task System ◽  
Workload Models ◽  
A Current ◽  
System Context

This paper is based on a current study of pilot workload models for crucial Navy flight tasks such as the carrier landing and high-speed, low-level navigation. The objective is to construct a more rigorous and complete view of the overall pilot-vehicle-task system in order to describe how facets of pilot workload can be associated with elements of the system. The purpose of the paper is to discuss workload features in a system context as a first step to developing a more thorough workload prediction process for the design and operation of aircraft.

scholarly journals The Clinical Use of Vernier Acuity: Resolution of the Visual Cortex Is More Than Meets the Eye

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica L. Hu ◽  
Lauren N. Ayton ◽  
Jasleen K. Jolly
Keyword(s):  
Visual Function ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Vernier Acuity ◽  
Optical Media ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Online Tools ◽  
Media Opacities ◽  
A Current

Vernier acuity measures the ability to detect a misalignment or positional offset between visual stimuli, for example between two vertical lines when reading a vernier scale. It is considered a form of visual hyperacuity due to its detectable thresholds being considerably smaller than the diameter of a foveal cone receptor, which limits the spatial resolution of classical visual acuity. Vernier acuity relies heavily on cortical processing and is minimally affected by optical media factors, making it a useful indicator of cortical visual function. Vernier acuity can be measured, usually in seconds of arc, by freely available automated online tools as well as via analysis of steady state visual-evoked potentials, which allows measurement in non- or pre-verbal subjects such as infants. Although not routinely measured in clinical practice, vernier acuity is known to be reduced in amblyopia, glaucoma and retinitis pigmentosa, and has been explored as a measure of retinal or neural visual function in the presence of optical media opacities. Current clinical utility includes a home-based vernier acuity tool, preferential hyperacuity perimetry, which is used for screening for choroidal neovascularisation in age-related macular degeneration. This review will discuss the measurement of vernier acuity, provide a current understanding of its neuro-ophthalmic mechanisms, and finally explore its utility through a clinical lens, along with our recommendations for best practice.

scholarly journals Can athletes be tough yet compassionate to themselves? Practical implications for NCAA mental health best practice no. 4

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0244579
Author(s):  
Andreas Stamatis ◽  
Paul J. Deal ◽  
Grant B. Morgan ◽  
Jeffrey S. Forsse ◽  
Zacharias Papadakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Student Athletes ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mental Toughness ◽  
Psychological Constructs ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Toughness Index ◽  
First Time

Recent tragic events and data from official NCAA reports suggest student-athletes' well-being is compromised by symptoms of mental health (MH) disorders. Self-compassion (SC) and mental toughness (MT) are two psychological constructs that have been shown effective against stressors associated with sports. The purpose of this study was to investigate SC, MT, and MH in a NCAA environment for the first time and provide practical suggestions for MH best practice No.4. In total, 542 student-athletes participated across Divisions (Mage = 19.84, SD = 1.7). Data were collected through Mental Toughness Index, Self-Compassion Scale, and Mental Health Continuum–Short Form. MT, SC (including mindfulness), and MH were positively correlated. Males scored higher than females on all three scales. No differences were found between divisions. SC partially mediated the MT-MH relationship, but moderation was not significant. Working towards NCAA MH best practice should include training athletes in both MT and SC skills (via mindfulness).

Intentional Use of Digital Technology in Graduate Epidemiology Education

2019 ◽  
pp. 135-153
Author(s):  
Charlotte Baker
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Public Health Education ◽  
Pedagogical Practices ◽  
Pedagogical Tools ◽  
Student Centered ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Learning Framework ◽  
Integration Of Technology

Public health education is continuously changing. Several papers have been written on the need to update epidemiology education in public health to match the needs of the “real world” as well as keep up with the digital age, yet few papers have been published on how to make this happen. Utilizing a blended learning framework, a graduate-level course was revised to improve student learning and teaching practice. By considering and implementing various pedagogical practices and tools, students learned more, were able to utilize this information in class and in other settings, and were able to take more control of their learning. Improvements were made to teaching practice, specifically by being more student-centered and providing better planned integration of technology for the advantage of the student and instructor. Using well-designed pedagogical tools and spending the time to plan out the course methodology based on expectations at the conclusion is a best practice that should be used by instructors in various fields but especially those in public health.

Intentional Use of Digital Technology in Graduate Epidemiology Education

2021 ◽  
pp. 244-256
Author(s):  
Charlotte Baker
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Public Health Education ◽  
Pedagogical Practices ◽  
Pedagogical Tools ◽  
Student Centered ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Learning Framework ◽  
Integration Of Technology

Public health education is continuously changing. Several papers have been written on the need to update epidemiology education in public health to match the needs of the “real world” as well as keep up with the digital age, yet few papers have been published on how to make this happen. Utilizing a blended learning framework, a graduate-level course was revised to improve student learning and teaching practice. By considering and implementing various pedagogical practices and tools, students learned more, were able to utilize this information in class and in other settings, and were able to take more control of their learning. Improvements were made to teaching practice, specifically by being more student-centered and providing better planned integration of technology for the advantage of the student and instructor. Using well-designed pedagogical tools and spending the time to plan out the course methodology based on expectations at the conclusion is a best practice that should be used by instructors in various fields but especially those in public health.

The Nature of Literacy: An Historical Exploration

1977 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 370-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Resnick ◽  
Lauren Resnick
Keyword(s):  
Reading Achievement ◽  
Reading Instruction ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Pedagogical Practices ◽  
Entire Population ◽  
Reading Problems ◽  
Low Level ◽  
The Past ◽  
High Level ◽  
Historical Examination

In this article Daniel and Lauren Resnick bring an historical perspective to the present debate over reading achievement. From an historical examination of selected European and American models of literacy, they conclude that reading instruction has been aimed at attaining either a low level of literacy for a large number of people or a high level for an elite. Thus, the contemporary expectation—high levels of literacy for the entire population—represents a relatively recent development. From this stance the Resnicks argue that, contrary to the thrust of the "back to basics" movement, pedagogical practices from the past offer little remedy for reading problems as currently defined.

“Pleased To Be Sacked”: Coach Pat Lam’s ‘Learnings’ and the Evolution of a Professional Rugby Union Organisation

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Byrne ◽  
Tania Cassidy
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Opportunity To Learn ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Head Coach ◽  
The West ◽  
Secondary Data Sources

In 2012 Pat Lam was dismissed (‘sacked’) as head coach of the Auckland Blues, a professional rugby union team in New Zealand. Within months of his sacking Lam had become the head coach of Connacht Rugby; an improving, but midlower table, professional provincial team in the west of Ireland. The purpose of this ‘best practice’ article is twofold. First, to illustrate how Lam used his dismissal (‘sacking’) from the Auckland Blues as a pivotal opportunity to learn, and develop, as a coach. Specifically his imperative that there needed to be clarity and communication of his coaching philosophy, and his quest for alignment between coach and organisation and his ‘belief triad’ (culture, leadership, the game). Second, in an effort to be more than a catalogue of ‘best practice’ strategies, we use the theoretical concept of ‘interruption’ to explain how disruption, disintegration and arresting problematic coaching situations, such as being dismissed as a head coach, can be instrumental in the development of, and learning by, the coach. In outlining Lam’s ‘best practice’ we draw on primary and secondary data sources, which document his stories of redemption and supports Gould’s (2016) case for greater integration of quality coaching stories into sport coaching scholarship.

Application of Lean Management Techniques for Achieving Energy Efficiency in Building Construction: Procurement and Handling of Building Materials

2016 ◽  
Vol 678 ◽  
pp. 135-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.P. Devaki
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Current Approach ◽  
Lean Management ◽  
Productivity Level ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Optimum Productivity ◽  
Management Techniques ◽  
A Current

Various studies in the construction industry have been conducted to develop the best practice that is only not capable of improving organization profit but also assists in producing a systematic work process which will encourage the optimal use of resources. Concurrently, the emergence of the lean construction concept is seen as a current approach that can be used to produce best practices because it is viewed as an effort to bring construction industry towards a more optimum productivity level with the efficient usage of resources as well as to produce the utmost value. This paper attempts to draw a correlation between the adoption of lean management principles and the energy utilized during the construction process.

The critique of Sociology of Childhood: Human capital as the concrete ‘social construction of childhood’

2021 ◽  
pp. 175774382110116
Author(s):  
Stefano Ba’
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Social Construction ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Pedagogical Practices ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
New Criticism ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
The Social ◽  
Sociology Of Childhood

The ‘New Paradigm’ of Sociology of Childhood famously maintains that childhood is socially constructed and supposedly places a much greater emphasis on the agency of children: children should not simply be framed as the passive receivers of socialisation. The aim of this article is to demonstrate that such a ‘social construction’ of childhood is not concretely articulated and that the theoretical understanding of the ‘social construction’ of childhood is simply delegated to historiographical or ethnographic accounts. In doing so, it advances a new criticism of the New Paradigm and radicalises previous ones. Here, key is the theoretical engagement with the concept of ‘human capital’: foregrounding its critique, this article proposes the link between ‘human capital’ as a neoliberal version of labour power and the concept of socialisation. The aim is to show that the ‘social construction’ of childhood is central, but the New Paradigm uses categories that are at the same time founded on neo-liberal views and abstracted from concrete social relations. This article maintains that a concrete critique of processes of socialisation (which is here understood as the socialisation of childhood as human capital) is needed instead of abstract critique of reified childhood. Two alternative pedagogical practices are used to provide an example of such a concrete critique.

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