Associations Between Sleep and Mental Health Among Latina Adolescent Mothers: The Role of Social Support

Adolescent mothers experience poorer sleep than adult mothers, and Latina adolescent mothers are at greater risk of postpartum depression compared with other racial/ethnic groups. However, social support may be protective against the negative effects of poor sleep in this population. The current study examined (1) associations between the quality and quantity of Latina adolescent mothers’ sleep and mental health (depressive symptoms and anxiety), and (2) whether social support buffered the effects of poor sleep on mental health. A sample of Latina adolescent mothers (N = 84) from an agricultural region in the United States reported on their sleep duration/quality, social support from family, friends, and significant others, and their depressive and anxiety symptoms. Results showed that adolescent mothers reported poorer sleep than pediatric recommendations, and poorer sleep quality was associated with greater depressive and anxiety symptoms. Interestingly, when adolescent mothers reported better sleep, they had fewer depressive symptoms in the context of high support from friends compared with low support from friends. Sleep is important for mental health in Latina adolescent mothers, and better sleep combined with strong social support has positive associations with mental health in this population. Findings hold implications for improving mental health in adolescent mothers.

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Risk Marker or Risk Mechanism? The Effect of Family, Household, and Parental Imprisonment on Children and Adults’ Social Support and Mental Health

Criminal Justice and Behavior ◽

10.1177/0093854818782711 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 45 (8) ◽

pp. 1154-1173 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Kirsten L. Besemer ◽

Steve G. A. van de Weijer ◽

Susan M. Dennison

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Social Support ◽

The United States ◽

Poor Mental Health ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Data Set ◽

Close Family Member ◽

The Social ◽

Nationally Representative ◽

Close Family

There is robust evidence of associations between parental imprisonment (PI) and a variety of harms to children, but the consequences of other forms of family imprisonment are largely unknown. Using Household, Income, and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA), a nationally representative Australian data set, this article looked at the direct effects of PI, household member imprisonment (HI), or close family member imprisonment (CFI) on the social support and mental health of nonincarcerated adults and young people. Recent PI, HI, or CFI had no association with social support. Recent CFI did increase men’s risk of poor mental health, but not women’s or young people’s. We consider the implications of these findings in the context of strong negative effects of paternal imprisonment on mothers in the United States.

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Resilience And Mental Health Among Young Adults In The Context of Lockdown Due To The COVID-19 Pandemic

10.21203/rs.3.rs-879006/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Darío Guerrero-Vaca ◽

Valeria Carpio-Arias ◽

Andrés Rodríguez-Betancourt ◽

Patricio Inca Ruiz ◽

Andrés Fernando Vinueza-Veloz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Young Adults ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Psychological Resilience ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Highly Educated ◽

Show Evidence ◽

Preventive Public Health

Abstract Purpose: Psychological resilience is defined as the ability of an individual to adapt to adverse situations and in a certain way regulate mental health. Currently, the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown measures implemented to avoid infection are considered risk agents for the development of mental disorders. The objective of this study is to explore the relationship between resilience capacity and the presence of depressive symptoms and poor sleep quality in the context of lockdown due to the pandemic. Methods: The sample consisted of n = 8,426 young adults who were recruited via convenience sampling. Sociodemographic and mental health data was collected through online surveys. Previously validated test were used to collect information on depression and sleep quality. Restriction of mobility was evaluated using information from Google Mobility Reports. Results: Most of participants were highly educated women. Independently from sex, age and other confounders, individuals with psychological resilience were less likely to develop depressive symptoms or sleep disorders during confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, higher mobility restriction was associated with depression but not with bad sleep quality. In this way, a longest stay at home and a higher restriction of mobility to groceries and pharmacies were related to depression. Conclusions: These results show evidence of the importance of psychological resilience on mental health, and can contribute to the development of preventive public health interventions to face the negative effects of confinement on mental health.

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Residential Environment, Depressive Symptoms, and Anxiety Symptoms Among Community-Living Older Adults

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igab046.2364 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 623-623

Author(s):

Ethan Siu Leung Cheung ◽

Jinyu Liu

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Older Adults ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

The United States ◽

Cognitive Status ◽

Physical Capacity ◽

Anxiety Symptoms ◽

Neighborhood Environment ◽

Community Living ◽

Residential Environments

Abstract Past literature has suggested significant relationships between neighborhood environment and mental health of older adults. However, the effect of residential environments is underexplored. The present study aims to study: (Q1) how residential built environments are associated with depressive and anxiety symptoms among community-living older adults, and (Q2) whether the associations of their physical and cognitive health status with mental health vary by residential environments. We analyzed data from Round 9 of National Health and Aging Trends Study. Residential environments were indicated by home despair, cluttered home, and existence of entrance ramp. Covariates included age, gender, race, living arrangement, ADL limitations, physical capacity, and cognitive status. The logistic regression results show that higher levels of clutter at home and the lack of entrance ramp were significantly associated with more depressive symptoms and that levels of clutter were positively associated with anxiety symptoms. Residential environments significantly moderated the association between physical health and mental health. With similar physical capacity, older adults with higher levels of home despair and clutter had more depressive and anxiety symptoms. Older adults who had more cluttered home reported significantly higher levels of anxiety than those who had similar ADL limitations, but lived in a less cluttered housing environment. However, we didn’t find any moderating effect of residential environments on cognitive impairment and mental health. Our findings promote the necessity for practitioners and policymakers to consider the effect of residential environments on mental health among both physically healthy and impaired older adults in the United States.

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Depression, Anxiety, and Suicidal Ideation in Chinese University Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2021.669833 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Shuang-Jiang Zhou ◽

Lei-Lei Wang ◽

Meng Qi ◽

Xing-Jie Yang ◽

Lan Gao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Social Support ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Graduate Students ◽

Suicidal Ideation ◽

University Students ◽

Protective Factors ◽

Anxiety Symptoms ◽

Chinese University ◽

Chinese University Students

Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has seriously threatened the global public health security and caused a series of mental health problem. Current research focuses mainly on mental health status and related factors in the COVID-19 pandemic among Chinese university students. Data from 11133 participants was obtained through an online survey. The Patient Health Question-9 (PHQ-9) was used to assess depressive symptoms, the Social Support Rate Scale (SSRS) was used to assess social support. We also used 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) to assess anxiety symptoms. Totally, 37.0% of the subjects were experiencing depressive symptoms, 24.9% anxiety symptoms, 20.9% comorbid depressive and anxiety symptoms, and 7.3% suicidal ideation. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed an increased presence of mental health problems in female students, graduate students, and those with personal COVID-19 exposure. Awareness of COVID-19, living with family were protective factors that reduced anxiety and depression symptoms. In addition, male, personal COVID-19 exposure, depressive and anxiety symptoms were risk factors for suicidal ideation. Social support, COVID-19 preventive and control measures, prediction of COVID-19 trends, living with family and graduate students are protective factors for reducing suicidal ideation.

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The Association Between Social Support, COVID-19 Exposure, and Medical Students' Mental Health

Frontiers in Psychiatry ◽

10.3389/fpsyt.2021.555893 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Yi Yin ◽

Xingjie Yang ◽

Lan Gao ◽

Suoyuan Zhang ◽

Meng Qi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Social Support ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Medical Students ◽

Online Survey ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Anxiety Symptoms ◽

Psychological Status ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Virus Exposure

Background: The coronavirus disease−2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has halted in-person medical education worldwide. Limited studies have reported on the mental health status of medical students during this public health emergency. This study aimed to explore the association of personal virus exposure, regional epidemic condition, and social support with medical students' depressive and anxiety symptoms during the COVID-19 outbreak in China.Methods: In February 2020, 5,982 medical students (60.0% females, Meanage = 21.7 years, Medianage = 22 years) completed an online survey consisting of demographics, personal virus exposure, the Patient Health Questionnaire, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, and the Social Support Rating Scale.Results: The prevalence rates of mild to severe depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms were 35.2 and 22.8%, respectively. Multivariate linear regression showed that students with low- or medium-level social support had a higher risk of experiencing depressive or anxiety symptoms than those with high-level social support. COVID-19 exposure was positively associated with mild to severe depressive or anxiety symptoms. Respondents living in provinces with 500–1,000 confirmed COVID-19 cases had an increased risk of experiencing mild to severe depressive symptoms compared with those living in provinces with <100 cases. Other related factors were gender and years of training.Conclusions: Some medical students suffered from a poor psychological status during the COVID-19 outbreak. Low social support was a stronger factor related to poor mental status compared with COVID-19 exposure or the provincial epidemic condition. Thus, we suggest that colleges or universities provide social support and mental health screening.

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Association of severity of depressive symptoms with sleep quality, social support and stress among Pakistani medical and dental students: A cross-sectional study

Global Psychiatry ◽

10.2478/gp-2019-0019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 211-220

Author(s):

Ahmed Waqas ◽

Aqsa Iftikhar ◽

Zahra Malik ◽

Kapil Kiran Aedma ◽

Hafsa Meraj ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Medical Students ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Severe Depression ◽

Dental Students ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Poor Sleep Quality ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical And Dental Students

AbstractObjectivesThis study has been designed to elucidate the prevalence of stress, depression and poor sleep among medical students in a Pakistani medical school. There is a paucity of data on social support among medical students in Pakistan; an important predictor of depressive symptoms. Therefore, this study was also aimed to demonstrate the direct and indirect impact of social support in alleviating depressive symptoms in the study sample.MethodsThis observational cross-sectional study was conducted in Lahore, Pakistan, where a total of 400 students at a medical school were approached between 1st January to 31st March 2018 to participate in the study. The study sample comprised of medical and dental students enrolled at a privately financed Pakistani medical and dental school. The participants responded to a self-administered survey comprising of five parts: a) demographics, b) Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), c) Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), d) Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) and e) Perceived Stress Scale-4 (PSS-4). All data were analysed using SPSS v. 20. Linear regression analysis was used to reveal the predictors of depression.ResultsIn total, 353 medical students participated, yielding a response rate of 88.25%. Overall, poor sleep quality was experienced by 205 (58.1%) students. Mild to severe depression was reported by 83% of the respondents: mild depression by 104 (29.5%), moderate depression by 104 (29.5%), moderately severe depression by 54 (15.3%) and severe depression by 31 (8.8%) respondents. Subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, daytime dysfunction and stress levels were significantly associated with depression symptoms. Social support was not significantly associated with depressive symptoms in the regression model (Beta = -0.08, P < 0.09); however, it acted as a significant mediator, reducing the strength of the relationship between depressive symptoms and sleep quality and stress.ConclusionsAccording to our study, a large proportion of healthcare (medical and dental) students were found to be suffering from mild to moderate depression and experienced poor sleep quality. It is concluded that social support is an important variable in predicting depressive symptomatology by ameliorating the effects of poor sleep quality and high stress levels.

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Moderating Roles of Resilience and Social Support on Psychiatric and Practice Outcomes in Nurses Working During the COVID-19 Pandemic

SAGE Open Nursing ◽

10.1177/23779608211024213 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

pp. 237796082110242

Author(s):

Anna E. Schierberl Scherr ◽

Brian J. Ayotte ◽

Marni B. Kellogg

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Social Support ◽

Online Survey ◽

Psychological Symptoms ◽

The United States ◽

Direct Care ◽

Behavioral Measure ◽

Hierarchical Regression ◽

Research Reporting ◽

Symptoms Of Depression

Introduction Staff and equipment shortages and an easily transmissible virus make working in the COVID-19 pandemic demanding physically and psychologically. Nurses on the frontlines are particularly vulnerable to the adversity of working under these conditions, particularly with regard to mental health. Thus, understanding risk and protective factors for this vulnerable and essential group is critical for identifying potential targets of interventions. We had two aims for the current study: (a) to examine work functioning and symptoms of depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress (PTSD) among nurses who did and did not care for patients with COVID-19; and (b) to determine if resilience and social support moderate these relationships. Methods For three weeks in July 2020, nurses across the United States were invited to participate in an online survey collecting data on demographics, resilience, social support, and screening measures of depression, PTSD, anxiety, and distracted practice. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and hierarchical regression for each outcome measure. Conclusions Our findings support a growing body of research reporting that nurses are experiencing mental health sequelae during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially those providing direct care to patients with the virus. We found that compared to nurses who did not care for patients with COVID-19, those who did reported increased symptoms of PTSD, depression, and anxiety. A novel contribution is our finding that nurses providing direct COVID-19 care also experienced increased levels of distracted practice, a behavioral measure of distraction linking to a potential impact on patient care. We also found that resilience and social support acted as moderators of some of these relationships. Fostering resilience and social support may help buffer the effects of providing care to patients with COVID-19 and could potentially decrease nurse vulnerability to developing psychological symptoms and impairment on the job.

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Do Racial Differences in Coping Resources Explain the Black–White Paradox in Mental Health? A Test of Multiple Mechanisms

Journal of Health and Social Behavior ◽

10.1177/00221465211041031 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 002214652110410

Author(s):

Patricia Louie ◽

Laura Upenieks ◽

Christy L. Erving ◽

Courtney S. Thomas Tobin

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Social Support ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Racial Differences ◽

Black Americans ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Coping Resources ◽

Religious Attendance ◽

Health Study ◽

White Americans

A central paradox in the mental health literature is the tendency for black Americans to report similar or better mental health than white Americans despite experiencing greater stress exposure. However, black Americans’ higher levels of certain coping resources may explain this finding. Using data from the Nashville Stress and Health Study (n = 1,186), we examine whether black Americans have higher levels of self-esteem, social support, religious attendance, and divine control than white Americans and whether these resources, in turn, explain the black–white paradox in mental health. In adjusted models, the black–white paradox holds for depressive symptoms and any DSM-IV disorder. Findings indicate that black Americans have higher levels of self-esteem, family social support, and religiosity than white Americans. Causal mediation techniques reveal that self-esteem has the largest effect in explaining black–white differences in depressive symptoms, whereas divine control has the largest effect in explaining differences in disorder.

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The Influence of Social Support, Help-Seeking Attitudes and Help-Seeking Intentions on Older Australians’ use of Mental Health Services for Depression and Anxiety Symptoms

The International Journal of Aging and Human Development ◽

10.1177/00914150211050882 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 009141502110508

Author(s):

Susan Jane Bretherton

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Social Support ◽

Mental Health Services ◽

Health Services ◽

Help Seeking ◽

Service Use ◽

Anxiety Symptoms ◽

Mental Health Service Use ◽

Health Service Use ◽

Help Seeking Attitudes

This study investigated the influence of predisposing factors (social support, help-seeking attitudes and help-seeking intentions) on older Australian adults’ use of mental health services for depression and/or anxiety symptoms. Participants were 214 older Australian adults (61% female; aged between 60 and 96 years; M = 75.15 years, SD = 8.40 years) who completed a self-report questionnaire that measured predisposing factors and lifetime mental health service use for depression and/or anxiety symptoms. Higher levels of social support predicted non-use of mental health services. When this relationship was serially mediated by help-seeking attitudes and help-seeking intentions, it predicted mental health service use for depression and/or anxiety. Older adults are less likely to seek help for depression and/or anxiety symptoms unless members of their social support network encourage positive help-seeking attitudes, which lead to positive help-seeking intentions and the subsequent use of mental health services.

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Racial-ethnic Identity Pairings and Mental Health of Second-generation Asian Adolescents

Sociological Perspectives ◽

10.1177/0731121416683159 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 60 (4) ◽

pp. 834-852 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Preeti Vaghela ◽

Koji Ueno

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Ethnic Identity ◽

Racial Identity ◽

Problem Behaviors ◽

Second Generation ◽

The United States ◽

Identity Conflict ◽

Asian Adolescents ◽

Low Levels ◽

Racial Ethnic

Second-generation adolescents experience identity conflict when trying to adapt to the United States. This identity conflict may be compounded for Asians, who experience racialization of their ethnicity. This intensity of identity conflict and racialization of ethnicity is reflected in different pairings of racial and ethnic identities (e.g., Hyphenated-Nationality, Hyphenated-Asian). We examine how these identity pairings are associated with mental health. Analysis used a sample of 1,308 second-generation Asian adolescents (aged 15–19) from the Children of Immigrants Longitudinal Study Wave 2 (1995–1996). Although not all associations were significant, low levels of identity conflict tended to be associated with lower levels of depression and more problem behaviors. Perhaps these identity pairings help reduce depression by lowering identity conflict while increasing peer conflicts. The analysis also showed that among adolescents with the same type of ethnic identity, mental health varied across racial identity, highlighting the importance of examining identity pairings.

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