scholarly journals The Association Between Sexism, Self-Sexualization, and the Evaluation of Sexy Photos on Instagram

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Plieger ◽  
Olivia Groote ◽  
Rachel Hensky ◽  
Lea Hurtenbach ◽  
Sharon Sahler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Body Satisfaction ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Media Content ◽  
Sexist Attitudes ◽  
Self Objectification ◽  
The Given ◽  
Lowered Body

Passive consumption of sexually objectifying content on social networking sites (SNS) has been shown to result in lowered body satisfaction and self-esteem, particularly in women. However, deliberate evaluations of sexually objectifying social media content are scarce. Furthermore, associations between self-objectification and active use of SNS in terms of posting behavior have not been shown so far. The present study asked N = 916 participants to rate 28 Instagram screenshots on three dimensions, namely, whether the given photos were perceived as sexually revealing, appropriate, and attractive. The ratings were related to sexist attitudes, enjoyment of sexualization, and posting behavior of the participants. Sexism was negatively associated with the perceived appropriateness of the presented Instagram photos in women. Furthermore, there were substantial correlations between appropriateness and attractiveness evaluations of the presented photos and the self-sexualizing posting behavior and enjoyment of sexualization of female users. Only inconsistent effects could be found in men. Greater appreciation of objectification seems to go along with self-objectifying behavior, which may be due to an altered perception of what can be considered as sexually revealing. Although effects seem to be smaller in men, future research should also focus on male enjoyment of sexualization, which unfortunately was not considered in the present study.

scholarly journals Low Self-Esteem and Selfie Posting Among Young Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-168
Author(s):  
Roberta Biolcati
Keyword(s):  
Impression Management ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Body Satisfaction ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Self-esteem is a critical factor in online impression management strategies and could play a crucial role in explaining women’s selfie-posting behaviours. Previous works examining relationships between self-esteem and self-presentation on social media have yielded controversial results. Objective: This study was performed to clarify the relationship between self-esteem and the frequency of taking and posting own, group and partner selfies on Social Networking Sites (SNS). Methods: A sample of 692 Italian young women (18-28 years old) completed questionnaires on self-esteem, satisfaction with life, body satisfaction and selfie posting bahaviours. The low self-esteem group was compared with the high self-esteem group. Results: Results showed that women with low self-esteem are more dissatisfied with their body image and life and significantly they post fewer types of selfies compared to women with high self-esteem. Conclusion: Findings from this study provide new insights into the relation between self-esteem and selfie impression management strategies.

Using SEM to Examine the Dimensions of Perfectionism and Investigate the Mediating Role of Self-Esteem Between Perfectionism and Depression in China

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Zhang ◽  
Taisheng Cai
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Maladaptive Perfectionism ◽  
Adaptive Perfectionism

The aim of the study was to examine the nature of perfectionism, to gain a better understanding of the construct using the Chinese population. The study also explored the relationships between perfectionism, self-esteem and depression after identifying the three dimensions of perfectionism. A sample of 292 Chinese university students completed the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (FMPS), the Hewitt Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (HMPS), the Almost Perfect Scale — Revised (APS-R), the Self-Esteem Scale (SES), and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). As hypothesised, the confirmatory factor analyses revealed that multidimensional perfectionism is explained as a three-factor construct with dimensions of maladaptive perfectionism, adaptive perfectionism and order factor. As predicted, the structural equation model analyses indicated that self-esteem partially mediated the relationship between maladaptive perfectionism and depression. Implications for counselling interventions and future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Can Self-Esteem Protect Against the Deleterious Consequences of Self-Objectification for Mood and Body Satisfaction in Physically Active Female University Students?

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilie Thøgersen-Ntoumani ◽  
Nikos Ntoumanis ◽  
Jennifer Cumming ◽  
Kimberley J. Bartholomew ◽  
Gemma Pearce
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Body Satisfaction ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Objectification Theory ◽  
Mood States ◽  
The Self ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Self Objectification ◽  
Shape And Size

Using objectification theory (Fredrickson & Roberts, 1997), this study tested the interaction between self-objectification, appearance evaluation, and self-esteem in predicting body satisfaction and mood states. Participants (N = 93) were physically active female university students. State self-objectification was manipulated by participants wearing tight revealing exercise attire (experimental condition) or baggy exercise clothes (control condition). Significant interactions emerged predicting depression, anger, fatness, and satisfaction with body shape and size. For participants in the self-objectification condition who had low (as opposed to high) appearance evaluation, low self-esteem was associated with high depression, anger, and fatness and low satisfaction with body shape and size. In contrast, for participants with high self-esteem, these mood and body satisfaction states were more favorable irrespective of their levels of appearance evaluation. For female exercisers, self-esteem-enhancing strategies may protect against some of the negative outcomes of self-objectification.

scholarly journals Is Fitspiration the Healthy Internet Trend It Claims to Be? A British Students’ Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1837
Author(s):  
Maria Limniou ◽  
Charlotte Mahoney ◽  
Megan Knox
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Body Satisfaction ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Research Opportunities ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Body Ideals

The increasingly popular #fitspiration community on Instagram aims to promote body positivity and inspire health in its followers. However, fitspiration accounts often endorse unattainable, overly fit body ideals. The aim of this study is to explore the effects of viewing fitspiration photos on body image and fit-ideal internalisation. We compared 109 British students’ (18–50 years-old) responses on state self-esteem, mood satisfaction, body satisfaction and fit-ideal internalisation before and after viewing fitspiration photos. Online questionnaires exposed students to either five male or five female fitspiration photos, respectively for their given gender. Photos were sourced from public Instagram accounts. This study also examined the influence age and Instagram usage have on body image. Exposure to fitspiration photos produced a significant reduction in state self-esteem, mood satisfaction and fit-ideal internalisation, but had no significant influence on body satisfaction. Age had no effect on body image; however, gender impacted mood satisfaction and fit-ideal internalisation. Instagram usage influenced fit-ideal internalisation, with specific Instagram factors, such as how the importance of a photo’s “likes” were negatively associated with state self-esteem, mood and body satisfaction. Unexpectedly, Instagram frequency use and posting were related to higher levels of state self-esteem. Detailed explanations of the findings and potential future research opportunities are also discussed.

scholarly journals Análisis exploratorio de la actividad física en la auto-objetificación e insatisfacción corporal de jóvenes adolescentes (Exploratory analysis of physical activity in self-objectification and body image of adolescents)

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (48) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Body Satisfaction ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Educación Primaria ◽  
Self Objectification

El objetivo del presente estudio ha sido analizar las relaciones y diferencias producidas entre la actividad física, la autoestima, apariencia e insatisfacción corporal respecto al género. Un total de 303 adolescentes, masculinos (150) y femeninos (152), con edades comprendidas entre los 10-13 años (M = 11.74) pertenecientes a diferentes centros de Educación Primaria participaron en el estudio. Se empleó el cuestionario PSPP para la valoración de la autoestima y la apariencia, las figuras de Stunkard para la satisfacción corporal y el cuestionario PAQ-A para la valoración de la actividad física. Se realizaron correlaciones de bivariadas, análisis multivariante y análisis de regresión lineal considerando el género. Los resultados mostraron un valor predictivo significativo mayor de la actividad física femenina en la autoestima y la apariencia que en la masculina. A modo de conclusión, destaca la importancia que tiene el rol de la actividad física como precursor de la autoestima, apariencia e insatisfacción corporal. Del mismo modo, la práctica de la actividad física por parte del género femenino tiende a predecir la apariencia y autoestima. === The objective of the present study has been to analyze the relationships and differences produced between physical activity, self-esteem, appearance, and body dissatisfaction, regarding gender. A total of 303 adolescents, male (150) and female (152), aged between 10 and 13 years (M = 11.74) belonging to different Primary Education centers participated in the study. The PSPP questionnaire was used for the assessment of self-esteem and appearance, the Stunkard figures for body satisfaction, and the PAQ-A questionnaire for the assessment of physical activity. Bivariate correlations, multivariate analysis, and linear regression analysis were performed considering gender. The results showed a significant predictive value of physical activity in self-esteem and appearance. By way of conclusion, it highlights the importance of the role of physical activity as a precursor of self-esteem and appearance, in addition to body image as a precursor of body satisfaction or dissatisfaction.

Media Uses in Emerging Adulthood

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah M. Coyne ◽  
Laura M. Padilla-Walker ◽  
Emily Howard
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Cell Phones ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Media Content ◽  
Traditional Media

This chapter reviews recent literature on uses, effects, and gratifications of media during emerging adulthood. The authors examine traditional media forms, including television, films, video games, music, and books, and also newer media, such as cell phones, social networking sites, and other Internet use, finding that emerging adults spend more time using media than they spend doing any other activity, with most time being spent on the Internet and listening to music. They also find that exposure to certain types of media content can influence both positive and negative outcomes in emerging adulthood, including aggressive and prosocial behavior, body image, sexual behavior, friendship quality, and academic achievement. The authors show that emerging adults use media to gratify certain needs, key among them entertainment, autonomy, identity, and intimacy needs. The authors discuss areas for future research involving media and emerging adulthood.

scholarly journals Facebook Intrusion as a Mediator Between Positive Capital and General Distress: A Cross-Cultural Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aneta Przepiórka ◽  
Agata Błachnio ◽  
Mark Sullman ◽  
Oleg Gorbaniuk ◽  
Nicolson Yat-Fan Siu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
General Distress ◽  
Ego Resiliency

Background: Social networking sites (SNSs) play an important role in many aspects of life nowadays, and it seems to be crucial to explore their impact on human well-being and functioning. The main aim of the study was to examine the mediating role of Facebook intrusion between positive capital and general distress. Positive capital was considered as comprising self-esteem, ego-resiliency, and self-control, while general distress was seen as having three dimensions: depression, anxiety, and stress.Methods: The sample consisted of N = 4,495 participants (M = 22.96 years, SD = 5.46) from 14 countries: Australia, Cyprus, Greece, Hong Kong, Lithuania, New Zealand, Peru, Poland, Russia, Spain, Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom, and United States. We used the following methods: the Facebook Intrusion Questionnaire (FIQ), the Self-Esteem Scale (SES), the Brief Self-Control Scale (SCS), The Ego Resiliency Revised Scale and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21).Results: We found that Facebook intrusion was a mediator between self-esteem and general distress and between self-control and general distress.Limitations: The present study was based on a cross-sectional study, and the measures used were self-report measures. The majority of the participants were recruited using convenience sampling.Conclusions: The present findings contribute to a better understanding on how the social media have impact on individual mental health. Implications for future studies are discussed.

Disordered Eating in Female Collegiate Gymnasts: Prevalence and Personality/Attitudinal Correlates

1993 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 424-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trent A. Petrie
Keyword(s):  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Body Satisfaction ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Partial Support ◽  
Eating Disturbance ◽  
Collegiate Gymnasts

This study extended the examination of the eating disorders continuum to the population of female athletes. Participants (215 collegiate gymnasts) were classified as normal/nondisordered eaters, exercisers, bingers, dieter/restricters, subthreshold bulimics, or bulimics and were then compared on several personality and attitudinal measures. Results revealed that (a) over 60% of the gymnasts met the criteria for one of the intermediate disordered eating categories, (b) only 22% reported eating behaviors that could be classified as normal or nondisordered, and (c) higher levels of disordered eating disturbance, particularly bulimia nervosa, were associated with a desire to weigh less, lower body satisfaction, lower self-esteem, and greater endorsement of sociocultural values regarding women's attractiveness. The findings provide partial support for the eating continuum in female athletes, and suggest that disordered eating may be the normative behavior in this population. Implications for interventions as well as directions for future research are provided.

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