scholarly journals Predictors of Nutritional Status, Depression, Internet Addiction, Facebook Addiction, and Tobacco Smoking Among Women With Eating Disorders in Spain

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amira Mohammed Ali ◽  
Hiroaki Hori ◽  
Yoshiharu Kim ◽  
Hiroshi Kunugi
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Prolonged Treatment ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
History Of ◽  
Facebook Addiction

Eating disorders (EDs) are a complex group of psychiatric conditions that involve dysfunctional eating patterns, nutritional alterations, and other comorbid psychopathologies. Some women with EDs may develop problematic internet use while they attempt to get information on dieting/weight control or get online support from people with similar problems. They may also drift toward tobacco smoking as a method to regulate their weight or to cope with their weight-related dysphoria. The occurrence of these conditions in EDs may prolong disease course and impede recovery. This study used structural equation modeling to investigate nutritional status (noted by body mass index, BMI), depression psychopathology, internet addiction (depicted by the Internet Addiction Test), Facebook addiction (depicted by the Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale), and smoking among 123 Spanish women diagnosed with EDs (mean age = 27.3 ± 10.6 years). History of hospitalization, marital status, age, and the level of education predicted BMI in certain ED groups. BMI did not predict depression, but it predicted internet addiction, Facebook addiction, and smoking in certain ED groups. Depression did not predict BMI, internet/Facebook addition, or smoking in any ED group. Some sociodemographic and clinical variables had indirect effects on depression, internet addiction, and Facebook addiction while age was the only variable expressing a direct effect on all outcome measures. Age, education, and history of prolonged treatment predicted smoking in certain ED patients. The findings signify that a considerable target for interventional strategies addressing nutritional and addictive problems in EDs would be women with high BMI, history of hospitalization, history of prolonged treatment, who are particularly young, single, and less educated. Replication studies in larger samples, which comprise various subtypes of EDs from both genders, are warranted to define the exact interaction among the addressed variables.

scholarly journals Altruism and Malevolence: Opposite Ends of a Single Dimension

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
William H.B. McAuliffe ◽  
Michael E. McCullough ◽  
Debra Lieberman
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Standard Measure ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Sexual History ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Single Dimension ◽  
Personality Correlates ◽  
History Of

Although the possibility sounds paradoxical, several studies have found that positive and negative regard for others’ welfare are orthogonal and have unique personality correlates. We tested whether this result is an artefact of treating the oft-used self-report altruism scale (SRA) as unidimensional. In a pilot study of students and community-dwelling adults (N = 276, 190 women; Meanage = 21.67, SDage = 7.49), we factor analyzed the SRA. We confirmed its factor structure in a study of Mechanical Turk workers (N = 814; 410 women; Meanage = 36.6, SDage = 11.19). Using an S-1 bifactor model, we created a “gold standard” general altruism factor composed of idiographic, behavioral, and questionnaire measures. We used structural equation modeling to assess how the SRA and the gold standard measure relate to gender, sexual history, and malevolence. The SRA contained three factors across both studies. The factor that accounted for the most variance positively correlated with sadism and psychopathy, a history of uncommitted sex, and being male. The other two SRA factors and the gold standard measure generally evinced the opposite associations. In conclusion, regard for other’s welfare is likely a single dimension of personality with a unified nomological network.

Female Athletes in Retirement: A Test of a Psychosocial Model of Bulimic Symptomatology

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 490-499
Author(s):  
Stephanie L. Barrett ◽  
Trent A. Petrie
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Ncaa Division I ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Collegiate Athletes ◽  
Division I ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Female Collegiate Athletes ◽  
Psychosocial Model

Although researchers have examined eating disorders in female athletes, few such studies have been done with athletes who are retired, and even fewer have been quantitative. Thus, the authors empirically tested an established eating disorder theoretical model with 218 former NCAA Division-I female collegiate athletes who had been retired for 2–6 years. In retirement, participants completed measures of general sociocultural pressures related to body and appearance, thin-ideal internalization, body dissatisfaction, dietary restraint, negative affect, and bulimic symptomatology. Through structural equation modeling, the authors examined the direct and indirect relationships among the latent variables while controlling for body mass index and years since retirement. The model fit the data well, supporting the hypothesized direct and indirect relationships among the variables and explaining 54% of the variance in bulimic symptomatology. Despite no longer being exposed to sport pressures that contribute to eating disorders, female athletes experience such symptoms long into retirement.

Happiness or Addiction

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 26-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sen-Chi Yu
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
University Students ◽  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Psychological Theory ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Psychological States ◽  
Facebook Use

The psychological consequences of Facebook use remain controversy since most previous studies used vague and non-psychological-theory-driven indicators. To better understand the potential consequences of Facebook use, this study developed the Facebook Psychological Involvement Scale (FPIS).With 682 Taiwanese university students as subjects, this study analysed the reliability and validity of the scale using structural-equation-modeling (SEM). Results showed that FPIS had strong reliability and validity. Besides, the correlations between FPIS and internet addiction/positive-psychological states (PPS) were significantly stronger than those of usage time and number of Facebook friends, indicating that FPIS is a more effective predictor of the psychological consequences of Facebook usage.

scholarly journals Nationalism in the USSR: a historical and comparative perspective

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 866-885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Shcherbak
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cultural Autonomy ◽  
Sudden Rise ◽  
Multiethnic States ◽  
History Of ◽  
Entire History ◽  
History Approach ◽  
Almost All

The late 1980s and early 1990s were characterized by the sudden rise of nationalist movements in almost all Soviet ethnic regions. It is argued that the rise ofpoliticalnationalism since the late 1980s can be explained by the development ofculturalnationalism in the previous decades, as an unintended outcome of Communist nationalities policy. All ethnic regions are examined throughout the entire history of the USSR (49 regions, 1917–1991), using the structural equation modeling (SEM) approach. This paper aims to make at least three contributions to the field. First, it is a methodological contribution for studying nationalism: a “quantification of history” approach. Having constructed variables from historical data, I use conventional statistical methods such as SEM. Second, this paper contributes to the theoretical debate about the role of cultural autonomy in multiethnic states. Finally, the paper statistically proves that the break between early Soviet and Stalinist nationalities policy explains the entire Soviet nationalities policy.

scholarly journals Structural Equation Modeling of the Factors Affecting the Nutritional Status of Children Under Five in Banyuwangi Region using Recursive (one-way) GSCA

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
I Made Tirta ◽  
Nawal Ika Susanti ◽  
Yuliani Setia Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Bootstrap Method ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Parameter Estimates

Structural Equation Modeling is one among popular multivariate analysis, especially applied in pschology and marketing. There are two main types of Structural Equation Modeling namely covariance-based or CB-SEM and variance-based or Partial Least Square (PLS)- SEM. Both types have advantages and disadvantage. To overcome its limitation, Generalized Structured Component Analysis (GSCA) was then proposed as an extension of PLS-SEM. In estimating the parameters, GSCA uses Alternating Least Squares (ALS) and in estimating the standard error of the parameter estimates it uses the bootstrap method. In this paper, GSCA is applied to study the causality model of Infant nutritional status, in relation with socio-economic status and infantcare status in Banyuwangi Region. The results show that both socio-economic and infantcare status have significant positive influence on infant nutritional status.Keywords:  Alternating least square, generalized structural component analysis,  nutritional status of infants,  structural equation modelling

scholarly journals A 'Weight of Evidence' approach to evaluating structural equation models

One Ecosystem ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Grace
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Model Selection ◽  
Model Evaluation ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Weight Of Evidence ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Current State ◽  
History Of

It is possible that model selection has been the most researched and most discussed topic in the history of both statistics and structural equation modeling (SEM). The reason for this is because selecting one model for interpretive use from amongst many possible models is both essential and difficult. The published protocols and advice for model evaluation and selection in SEM studies are complex and difficult to integrate with current approaches used in biology. Opposition to the use of p-values and decision thresholds has been voiced by the statistics community, yet certain phases of model evaluation have been historically tied to reliance on p-values. In this paper, I outline an approach to model evaluation, comparison and selection based on a weight-of-evidence paradigm. The details and proposed sequence of steps are illustrated using a real-world example. At the end of the paper, I briefly discuss the current state of knowledge and a possible direction for future studies.

scholarly journals Instagrammed body craze and its effects on Pakistani young university female students

2021 ◽  
Vol Volume 4 (Issue 3) ◽  
pp. 01-15
Author(s):  
Dr. Ayesha Qamar ◽  
Urwa Mahmmod butt ◽  
Dr. Samia Manzoor
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Social Networking Site ◽  
The Body ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Health Symptoms ◽  
Young Girls ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of studying Instagram's influence is to evaluate the concept of a perfectly toned body that does not exist, as it has been promoted on Instagram. The image-based social networking site, i.e., Instagram, has become steadily popular among youth, especially young girls. Young girls use Instagram to spruce up images posted on it. A quantitative survey is used, and questionnaires are filled through an online examination. A convenient sampling method is used for data collection. The study included 204 young girls aged 18-25 from different universities in Islamabad. Social Comparison Theory helped to understand the influence of Instagram on changing body image and its disorder.Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is used through Amos. The analysis revealed that the relationship between the use of Instagram and body dissatisfaction is positive and significant. The more the use of Instagram, the higher the body dissatisfaction among young girls. The relationship between Instagram usage and eating disorders had some correlation. It revealed that young girls who use Instagram excessively adopt eating disorders. Moreover, the study analyzed that there are more physical health symptoms identifies when Instagram usage is increased. The relationship between physical health symptoms and the use of Instagram was positive and useful.

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