scholarly journals COVID-19 Responses of South Korea as Hybrids of Governance Modes

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sora Lee ◽  
Ryan Wong
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Governance Practices ◽  
Conceptual Discussion ◽  
Modes Of Governance ◽  
Governance Modes ◽  
Country Specific

The countries worldwide have adapted diverse governance approaches to the pandemic to suit their contexts. While the diversity of the country-specific governance responses has been widely discussed, the hybrids nature of those governance practices has been explored less. This study analyses the responses toward COVID-19 in South Korea as responsive dialogues of different modes of governance, i.e., consensus-based hierarchy, state-sponsored market, and principle-based network. This study aims to remind us that pandemic governance needs to enable organic and responsive processes for all actors in society. This conceptual discussion of the governance modes illustrates that the pandemic allowed the emergence of the hybrids of governance modes to cope better with the complex realities of the diverse sectors and actors in South Korea. The characteristic of the responses diverges from the conventional governance classification of or market-based. It is a responsive and evolving dialogue of different modes of governance. It would be productive to think beyond the oversimplified understandings of governance modes and embrace flexible and different hybrids of governance modes to be more responsive, effective, efficient, and equitable.

scholarly journals Detection of Rhodococcus fascians, the Causative Agent of Lily Fasciation in South Korea

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 241
Author(s):  
Joon Moh Park ◽  
Jachoon Koo ◽  
Se Won Kang ◽  
Sung Hee Jo ◽  
Jeong Mee Park
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Nicotiana Benthamiana ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Herbaceous Perennials ◽  
Rhodococcus Fascians ◽  
Different Strains

Rhodococcus fascians is an important pathogen that infects various herbaceous perennials and reduces their economic value. In this study, we examined R. fascians isolates carrying a virulence gene from symptomatic lily plants grown in South Korea. Phylogenetic analysis using the nucleotide sequences of 16S rRNA, vicA, and fasD led to the classification of the isolates into four different strains of R. fascians. Inoculation of Nicotiana benthamiana with these isolates slowed root growth and resulted in symptoms of leafy gall. These findings elucidate the diversification of domestic pathogenic R. fascians and may lead to an accurate causal diagnosis to help reduce economic losses in the bulb market.

scholarly journals Is Establishing a New Partnership Useful Information for Investors in the Smartphone Supply Market?

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5573
Author(s):  
Insung Son ◽  
Sihyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Stock Price ◽  
Individual Investors ◽  
Trading Patterns ◽  
Market Impacts ◽  
The Us ◽  
Signaling Effect ◽  
Parts Suppliers ◽  
Country Specific

This study analyzed partner volatility (new, old, revocation partners) and country-specific signal effects (United States (US), Taiwan, Japan, and South Korea) for Apple iPhone parts suppliers from 2007 to 2018. Mid- to long-term stock price movements were also analyzed to define trading patterns by investor type. The results using logit regression analysis revealed that new partners and revocation partners each have a signaling effect perceived as positive and negative information in the short term, and the excess returns by country showed a positive signaling effect in the order of the US, Taiwan, South Korea, and Japan. The findings also suggest that the change in the new partners’ stock price after the preannouncement of new products was useful investment information. Moreover, information asymmetry was found between individual investors, institutions, and foreigners. Results indicate that new partner selection in the smartphone market impacts corporate value and serves as useful investment information.

scholarly journals Study on the Association of Casualties and Classification of Heat Wave Weather Patterns in South Korea Using K-Means Clustering Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
Hyeon-Cheol Lee ◽  
Young-Jun Cho ◽  
Byunghwan Lim ◽  
Seung-Bum Kim
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Heat Wave ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Korean Peninsula ◽  
Clustering Analysis ◽  
Weather Patterns ◽  
The North ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The North Pacific

In this study, weather patterns (WPs) associated with the heat wave in South Korea are objectively classified by applying <i>K</i>-means clustering analysis. The representative weather patterns that caused the heat wave were divided into three WPs, namely WP 1, WP 2, and WP 3. The heat wave over the Korean Peninsula was mainly related to the expansion of the North Pacific High (NPH). Moreover, we analyzed the relationship between casualties and WPs of the heat wave. In WP 1, the isobar of NPH was located in the southern part of South Korea. Most casualties (18 people) occurred in this region. In WP 2, NPH was distributed throughout South Korea, with nationwide casualties of 44 people. Moreover, the duration of the heat wave for WP 2 was the longest, at 4.5 days. WP 3 occurred mainly in June, when the NPH was not yet developed, presenting the smallest number of casualties.

scholarly journals A study on depression, anxiety and illness symptoms according to severity classification of liver cirrhosis patients in South Korea

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung Hyun Seo ◽  
Hyang Sook Ryu ◽  
Youn Young Lee ◽  
Myeong Jong Kim ◽  
Young Soon Choi
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Severity Classification

Exergy Quality of Buildings

2014 ◽  
Vol 899 ◽  
pp. 30-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferenc Kalmár
Keyword(s):  
Energy Content ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Specific Method ◽  
Energy And Exergy ◽  
Country Specific

Energy labeling of buildings is accepted and used in all European countries. Depending on the yearly specific primary energy consumption the energy quality of a building is expressed using a country specific method. Consequently primary energy is the basis of building energy class. Primary energy is obtained using different country specific transformation factors for gas, electricity, wood, biomass etc. However different quantities of warm water and steam can have the same energy content. Calculating the exergy content of used energy a better classification of buildings can be achieved. This paper presents a method to analyze residential buildings from exergy point of view. It was found a transformation factor between energy and exergy: 0.075.

Hierarchical and Non-Hierarchical Coordination

2018 ◽  
pp. 311-332
Author(s):  
Thomas Risse
Keyword(s):  
Social Acceptance ◽  
Institutional Design ◽  
Hierarchical Control ◽  
The Social ◽  
Hierarchical Governance ◽  
State Actors ◽  
Governance Institutions ◽  
The One ◽  
Modes Of Governance ◽  
Governance Modes

This chapter focuses on hierarchical and non-hierarchical (including deliberative) governance modes in areas of limited statehood (i.e. on the ‘how’ of governance). Actorhood and modes of governance are orthogonal to each other. State actors are involved in non-hierarchical governance and non-state actors—including violent ones—sometimes exercise hierarchical control over people and territories. The effectiveness and problem-solving capacity of these modes of governance should not be underestimated. ‘New’ modes of governance appear to be more effective on average than hierarchical governance, particularly when the latter has to rely on force and coercion. Deliberative bodies, such as non-state justice institutions, can be rather effective in solving disputes and restoring peace within communities. Both hierarchical and non-hierarchical modes depend on two crucial conditions for their effectiveness, namely the social acceptance (legitimacy) of the governors and/or the governance institutions, on the one hand, and the institutional design of the governance arrangements, on the other.

scholarly journals Machine Learning for Tree Species Classification Using Sentinel-2 Spectral Information, Crown Texture, and Environmental Variables

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2049
Author(s):  
Joongbin Lim ◽  
Kyoung-Min Kim ◽  
Eun-Hee Kim ◽  
Ri Jin
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
North Korea ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Forest Area ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Forest Types

The most recent forest-type map of the Korean Peninsula was produced in 1910. That of South Korea alone was produced since 1972; however, the forest type information of North Korea, which is an inaccessible region, is not known due to the separation after the Korean War. In this study, we developed a model to classify the five dominant tree species in North Korea (Korean red pine, Korean pine, Japanese larch, needle fir, and Oak) using satellite data and machine-learning techniques. The model was applied to the Gwangneung Forest area in South Korea; the Mt. Baekdu area of China, which borders North Korea; and to Goseong-gun, at the border of South Korea and North Korea, to evaluate the model’s applicability to North Korea. Eighty-three percent accuracy was achieved in the classification of the Gwangneung Forest area. In classifying forest types in the Mt. Baekdu area and Goseong-gun, even higher accuracies of 91% and 90% were achieved, respectively. These results confirm the model’s regional applicability. To expand the model for application to North Korea, a new model was developed by integrating training data from the three study areas. The integrated model’s classification of forest types in Goseong-gun (South Korea) was relatively accurate (80%); thus, the model was utilized to produce a map of the predicted dominant tree species in Goseong-gun (North Korea).

scholarly journals Developing a National Geodemographic Classification of Workplace Zones

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 959-983
Author(s):  
Samantha Cockings ◽  
David Martin ◽  
Andrew Harfoot
Keyword(s):  
Small Area ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Digital Mapping ◽  
Small Area Level ◽  
Novel Concept ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Geodemographic Classification ◽  
Country Specific

Abstract Geodemographics conventionally refers to the classification of geographical areas based on the socioeconomic characteristics of their residents. In this paper, we develop the novel concept of a classification based on the characteristics of workers and workplaces. The paper describes the implementation of this concept at the small area level for the whole of the UK, which has involved reconciliation of three slightly different national censuses. It presents a summary of the resulting classification (a Classification of Workplace Zones for the UK (COWZ-UK)) and an innovative validation exercise based on comparison with a very large digital mapping dataset containing specific workplace locations. The openly available classification provides important new insights into the characteristics of workers and workplaces at the small area level across the UK, which will be useful for analysts in a range of sectors, including health, local government, transport and commerce. The generic concept of a classification based on the characteristics of workers and workplaces within a set of workplace zones is transferable to other countries, with refinement to reflect context- and country-specific phenomena. The concept can be readily implemented by census agencies or other data providers where individual level worker and workplace data are available.

scholarly journals Development of Operational Strategies of Energy Storage System Using Classification of Customer Load Profiles under Time-of-Use Tariffs in South Korea

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1723
Author(s):  
Hyun Cheol Jeong ◽  
Jaesung Jung ◽  
Byung O Kang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Battery Life ◽  
Self Organizing Map ◽  
Clustering Methods ◽  
Operational Strategies ◽  
Square Wave ◽  
Shaped Pattern

This study proposes a methodology to develop adaptive operational strategies of customer-installed Energy Storage Systems (ESS) based on the classification of customer load profiles. In addition, this study proposes a methodology to characterize and classify customer load profiles based on newly proposed Time-of-Use (TOU) indices. The TOU indices effectively distribute daily customer load profiles on multi-dimensional domains, indicating customer energy consumption patterns under the TOU tariff. The K-means and Self-Organizing Map (SOM) sophisticated clustering methods were applied for classification. Furthermore, this study demonstrates peak shaving and arbitrage operations of ESS with current supporting polices in South Korea. Actual load profiles accumulated from customers under the TOU rate were used to validate the proposed methodologies. The simulation results show that the TOU index-based clustering effectively classifies load patterns into ‘M-shaped’ and ‘square wave-shaped’ load patterns. In addition, the feasibility analysis results suggest different ESS operational strategies for different load patterns: the ‘M-shaped’ pattern fixes a 2-cycle operation per day due to battery life, while the ‘square wave-shaped’ pattern maximizes its operational cycle (a 3-cycle operation during the winter) for the highest profits.

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