scholarly journals Postharvest UV-C Irradiation Influenced Cellular Structure, Jasmonic Acid Accumulation, and Resistance Against Green Mold Decay in Satsuma Mandarin Fruit (Citrus unshiu)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orathai Phonyiam ◽  
Hitoshi Ohara ◽  
Satoru Kondo ◽  
Matchima Naradisorn ◽  
Sutthiwal Setha
Keyword(s):  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Cellular Structure ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Satsuma Mandarin ◽  
Green Mold ◽  
Ultraviolet C ◽  
Uv C

Green mold caused by Penicillium digitatum is an important factor limiting the shelf life of mandarin fruit. In this study, the effect of ultraviolet-C (UV-C) irradiation on cellular structure, endogenous jasmonic acid (JA), and development of P. digitatum in satsuma mandarin fruit was investigated. UV-C treatments included 0 (untreated control), 3, and 10 kJ m−2 or the exposure time of 0, 1.18, and 4.52 min, respectively. The UV-C dose of 10 kJ m−2 significantly reduced the development of P. digitatum both in vitro and in vivo, resulting in the maintenance of the cellular structure of the albedo tissue. The production of malondialdehyde (MDA) was decreased upon UV-C treatment of 10 kJ m−2. The concentration of JA increased in the treatment of 10 kJ m−2 compared to the treatment of 3 kJ m−2 and the control. UV-C irradiation increased total phenolic and total flavonoid concentrations and DPPH radical scavenging capacity. These results suggest that UV-C at 10 kJ m−2 has a potential to control green mold caused by P. digitatum, maintain cellular structure, stimulate the accumulation of JA, and induce biochemical compounds in satsuma mandarin.

scholarly journals Hepatoprotective studies on methanolic extract fractions of Lindernia ciliata and development of qualitative analytical profile for the bioactive extract

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Praneetha Pallerla ◽  
Narsimha Reddy Yellu ◽  
Ravi Kumar Bobbala
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Liver Homogenate ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Effective Fraction

Abstract Background The objective of the study is to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of methanolic extract fractions of Lindernia ciliata (LC) and development of qualitative analytical profile of the bioactive fraction using HPLC fingerprinting analysis. All the fractions of methanolic extract of Lindernia ciliata (LCME) are assessed for their total phenolic, flavonoid contents and in vitro antioxidant properties by using DPPH, superoxide, nitric oxide, hydroxyl radical scavenging activities and reducing power assay. Acute toxicity study was conducted for all the fractions and the two test doses 50 and 100 mg/kg were selected for the hepatoprotective study. Liver damage was induced in different groups of rats by administering 3 g/kg.b.w.p.o. paracetamol and the effect of fractions were tested for hepatoprotective potential by evaluating serum biochemical parameters and histology of liver of rats. The effective fraction was evaluated for its antihepatotoxic activity against D-Galactosamine (400 mg/kg b.w. i.p.) and in vivo antioxidant parameters viz., Glutathione (GSH), Melondialdehyde (MDA) and Catalase (CAT) levels are estimated using liver homogenate. Results Among all the fractions, butanone fraction of LCME, (BNF-LCME) has shown better hepatoprotective activity and hence it is selected to evaluate the antihepatotoxicity against D-GaIN. The activity of BNF-LCME is well supported in in vitro and in vivo antioxidant studies and may be attributed to flavonoidal, phenolic compounds present in the fraction. Hence, BNF-LCME was subjected to the development of qualitative analytical profile using HPLC finger printing analysis. Conclusions All the fractions of LCME exhibited significant hepatoprotective activity and BNF-LCME (50 mg/kg) was identified as the most effective fraction.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antioxidant Properties ofPhaulopsis fascisepalaC.B.Cl. (Acanthaceae)

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Adesegun ◽  
A. Fajana ◽  
C. I. Orabueze ◽  
H. A. B. Coker
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Chelating Ability

The antioxidant activities of crude extract ofPhaulopsis fascisepalaleaf were evaluated and compared with α-tocopherol and BHT as synthetic antioxidants and ascorbic acid as natural-based antioxidant.In vitro, we studied its antioxidative activities, radical-scavenging effects, Fe2+-chelating ability and reducing power. The total phenolic content was determined and expressed in gallic acid equivalent. The extract showed variable activities in all of thesein vitrotests. The antioxidant effect ofP. fascisepalawas strongly dose dependent, increased with increasing leaf extract dose and then leveled off with further increase in extract dose. Compared to other antioxidants used in the study, α-Tocopherol, ascorbic acid and BHT,P. fascisepalaleaf extract showed less scavenging effect on α,α,-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and less reducing power on Fe3+/ferricyanide complex but better Fe2+-chelating ability. These results revealed thein vitroantioxidant activity ofP.fascisepala.Further investigations are necessary to verify these activitiesin vivo.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Activities and Reduced Amyloid-β Toxicity of 7-Hydroxycalamenene Isolated from the Essential Oil of Zelkova serrata Heartwood

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1601100
Author(s):  
Pei-Ling Yen ◽  
Sen-Sung Cheng ◽  
Chia-Cheng Wei ◽  
Huan-You Lin ◽  
Vivian Hsiu-Chuan Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
In Vivo Assays ◽  
Zelkova Serrata

The in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activities and its potential to protect against amyloid-β toxicity of essential oils from Zelkova serrata (Thunb.) Makino were investigated in the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans. The results revealed that the essential oil of Z. serrata heartwood exhibited great radical scavenging activities and high total phenolic content. In vivo assays showed significant inhibition of oxidative damage in wild-type C. elegans under juglone-induced oxidative stress and heat shock. Based on results from both in vitro and in vivo assays, the major compound in essential oil of heartwood, (-)-(1 S, 4 S)-7-hydroxycalamenene (1 S, 4 S-7HC), may contribute significantly to the observed antioxidant activity. Further evidence showed that 1 S, 4 S-7HC significantly delayed the paralysis phenotype in amyloid beta-expressing transgenic C. elegans. These findings suggest that 1 S, 4 S-7HC from the essential oil of Z. serrata heartwood has potential as a source for antioxidant or Alzheimer's disease treatment.

scholarly journals Root extracts of Anacardium occidentale reduce hyperglycemia and oxidative stress in vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
TM Archana ◽  
K Soumya ◽  
Jesna James ◽  
Sudheesh Sudhakaran
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Mtt Assay ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
Root Extracts

Abstract Background Hyperglycemia is the hallmark of diabetes, and the associated oxidative stress is a major concern that invites an array of diabetic complications. The traditional practices of medicare are of great, current interest due to the high cost and side effects of conventional diabetic medications. The present in vitro study focuses on evaluating the potential of various A. occidentale root extracts for their antihyperglycemic and antioxidant potentials. Materials and methods The four different solvent extracts petroleum ether (PEAO), chloroform (CHAO), ethyl acetate (EAAO), and 80 % methanol (80 % MAO) of A. occidentale roots were evaluated for their total phenolic, flavonoid, and antioxidant capacity. Using MIN6 pancreatic β-cells, the cytotoxicity of the extracts was evaluated by MTT assay and the antidiabetic potential by quantifying the insulin levels by ELISA at a higher concentration of glucose. The effect of 80 % MAO on INS gene expression was determined by qRT PCR analysis. Results Among the four different solvent extracts of A. occidentale roots, 80 % MAO showed the highest concentration of phenolics (437.33 ± 0.03 µg GAE/mg), CHAO to be a rich source of flavonoids (46.04 ± 0.1 µg QE/mg) and with the highest total antioxidant capacity (1865.33 ± 0.09 µg AAE/ mg). Evaluation of the free radical scavenging and reducing properties of the extracts indicated 80 % MAO to exhibit the highest activity. The MTT assay revealed the least cytotoxicity of all four extracts. 80 % MAO enhanced INS up-regulation as well as insulin secretion even under high glucose concentration (27mM). Conclusions The present study demonstrated that the A. occidentale root extracts have effective antihyperglycemic and antioxidative properties, together with the potential of normalizing the insulin secretory system of β-cells. Above mentioned properties have to be studied further by identifying the active principles of A. occidentale root extracts and in vivo effects. The prospect of the present study is identifying drug leads for better management of diabetes from the A. occidentale root extracts. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals Investigation of invitro Antioxidant and invivo Protective Effects of Hypericum triquetrifolium Seed Methanol Extracts against Cyclophosphamide-Induced Acute Myelotoxicity, Hemotoxicity and Hepatotoxicity in Rats

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Songul Cetik Yildiz ◽  
Cumali Keskin ◽  
Adnan Ayhanci
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Rat Tissues ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Methanol Extracts

The aim of this study was to investigate in-vitro antioxidant properties and in-vivo protective effects of different concentrations of Hypericum triquetrifolium Turra. (HT) seed methanol extracts against acute hepatotoxicity, myelotoxicity and hematotoxicity in rats exposed to overdose of cyclophosphamide (CP). HT seed methanol extracts were tested in view of its in-vitro antioxidant activities as total phenolic contents and DPPH free radical-scavenging activity. To investigate in-vivo protective effects of HT seed methanol extracts on rat tissues; tested animals were divided into nine groups. Three groups only were treated with HT extracts (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg HT) for 6 days. Three groups were pre-treated with the extract of HT (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg HT) for 6 days and on the last day they were injected with single dose of CP (150-mg/kg body weight). Two groups were used as control groups and one group was only treated with CP (150 mg/kg) on the 6th day. The toxic effects of CP and protective effects of HT extracts on the nucleated cells which were produced by bone marrow and serum alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), oxidative stress index (OSI) levels were investigated biochemically. Additionally, liver tissue samples were examined histopathologically. Our results show that HT seed methanol extract has high total phenolic content and antioxidant activity. Over dose CP administration caused hepatotoxicity, myelotoxicity and hematotoxicity on rat. Whereas, 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg HT plus CP administered groups showed significant protective effects on nucleated cells. And 25, 50, 100 mg/kg HT plus CP treated groups showed an important decrease on serum ALT, ALP, LDH and OSI levels when compared with CP treated group. Our results showed that the administration of different HT doses with high doses of CP significantly reduced hepatotoxicity, myelotoxicity and hematoxicity on rats.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Activity and Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Content of Various Solvent Extracts fromIn VivoandIn VitroGrownTrifolium pratenseL. (Red Clover)

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arash Khorasani Esmaeili ◽  
Rosna Mat Taha ◽  
Sadegh Mohajer ◽  
Behrooz Banisalam
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Callus Tissue ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Chloroform Fraction ◽  
Flavonoid Content

In the present study the extracts ofin vivoandin vitrogrown plants as well as callus tissue of red clover were tested for their antioxidant activities, using different extraction solvent and different antioxidant assays. The total flavonoid and phenolic contents as well as extraction yield of the extracts were also investigated to determine their correlation with the antioxidant activity of the extracts. Among all the tested extracts the highest amounts of total phenolic and total flavonoids content were found in methanol extract ofin vivogrown plants. The antioxidant activity of tested samples followed the orderin vivoplant extract > callus extract >in vitroextract. The highest reducing power, 2,2-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging, and chelating power were found in methanol extracts ofin vivogrown red clover, while the chloroform fraction ofin vivogrown plants showed the highest 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging and hydrogen peroxide scavenging compared to the other tested extracts. A significant correlation was found between the antioxidant activity of extracts and their total phenolic and total flavonoid content. According to the findings, the extract ofin vitroculture of red clover especially the callus tissue possesses a comparable antioxidant activity to thein vivocultured plants’ extract.

Evaluation of morning glory (Jacquemontia tamnifolia (L.) Griseb) leaves for antioxidant, antinociceptive, anticoagulant and cytotoxic activities

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Shahadat Hossain ◽  
A.S.M. Ali Reza ◽  
Md. Masudur Rahaman ◽  
Mst. Samima Nasrin ◽  
Mohammed Rasib Uddin Rahat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Writhing Test ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging

Abstract Background: The present study was planned to investigate the phytochemical, antioxidant, antinociceptive, anticoagulant and cytotoxic activities of the Jacquemontia tamnifolia (L.) Griseb leaf methanol extract (MExJT) in the laboratory using both in vitro and in vivo methods. Methods: Phytochemical values, namely, total phenolic and flavonoid contents, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging effect and FeCl3 reducing power effects, were studied by established methods. In vivo antinociceptive activity was performed by acidic acid-induced writhing test and formalin-induced pain test on Swiss albino mice at doses of 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight. The clot lysis and brine shrimp lethality bioassay in vitro were used to evaluate the thrombolytic and cytotoxic activities of the plant extract, respectively. Results: Phytochemical screening illustrates the presence of tannins, saponins, flavonoids, gums and carbohydrates, steroids, alkaloids and reducing sugars in the extract. The results showed the total phenolic content (146.33 g gallic acid equivalents/100 g extract) and total flavonoid content (133.33 g quercetin/100 g). Significant (p<0.05) IC50 values compared to respective standards were recorded in DPPH radical scavenging (289.5 μg/mL) and FeCl3 reduction (245.2 μg/mL). The antinociceptive effect was evaluated in the acetic acid-induced writhing test and formalin-induced pain models in Swiss albino mice with doses of 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight. Significant (p<0.05) inhibition (72.87±2.73%) of writhing response compared to diclofenac sodium was achieved by 500 mg/kg body weight. The extract also significantly inhibited the licking response in both the early phase (51.59±1.57%, p<0.05) and the late phase (64.82±1.87%, p<0.05) in the formalin-induced writhing test. MExJT also showed (38.10±1.79%) clot lytic activity in the thrombolytic test and cytotoxicity with an LC50 value of 31.70 μg/mL in the brine shrimp lethality bioassay. Conclusions: The plant is a potential source of antioxidants and might have one or more secondary metabolite(s) with central and peripheral analgesic activity. The results also demonstrate that MExJT has moderate thrombolytic and lower cytotoxic properties that may warrant further exploration.

scholarly journals Evaluation of in vitro antioxidant and anti-atherogenic properties of selected Siddha polyherbal decoctions

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1707-1715
Author(s):  
Perumal Rajalakshmi ◽  
Vellingiri Vadivel ◽  
Sridharan Sriram ◽  
Pemaiah Brindha
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
In Vivo Model ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Maximum Inhibition ◽  
Polyphenolic Content ◽  
Herbal Formulations

This research work explains the antioxidant and anti-atherogenic effects of selected Siddha polyherbal decoctionssuch as Nilavembukudineer, Kabasurakudineer, NotchikudineerandAdathodaikudineer. Even though all the above decoctions have been used for fever, cold, cough, bronchitis, dysphonea and body pain in Siddha system of medicine, their antioxidant and anti-atherogenic properties were notinvestigated scientifically.We have analyzed the polyphenolic content, antioxidant and anti-atherogenic properties of decoction of the above-mentioned herbal formulations. The toxicity of the decoctions was also performed in PMBC.Inthe investigated formulations, Notchikudineershowed higher level of total phenolic content (560 mg GAE/100 g), followed byAdathodaikudineer (260 mg GAE/100 g),Nilavembukudineer(150 mg GAE/100 g) and Kabasurakudineer(90 mg GAE/100 g). Similarly, Notchikudineer exhibited strong antioxidant activity in terms of radical scavenging potential against DPPH (IC-50: 2.12 mg/L), followed the Adathodaikudineer (IC-50: 2.27 mg/L),Nilavembukudineer(IC-50: 4.48 mg/L) and Kabasurakudineer (IC-50: 9.29 mg/L).In toxicological study all the decoctions of selected formulations didn’t show any toxicity.Similarly, Nilavembukudineer showed maximum inhibition of lipid peroxidation when compared to other herbal decoctions. Among the investigated Siddha formulations, Nilavembukudineer was found to possess high antioxidant and anti-atherogenic potentials and hence it could be further investigated as anti-atherogenic drug using in vivo model.

Fortification of a Desert Using Nanoencapsulated Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extract of Small Cardamom Seeds: A Nutraceutical Custard with Antioxidant Synergy

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaninika Paul ◽  
Dipshikha Tamili ◽  
Paramita Bhattacharjee
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antioxidant Potency ◽  
Spray Dried

Background: 1,8 cineole-rich supercritical CO2 extract of small cardamom seeds of Alleppey green variety exhibiting prominent antioxidant property was microencapsulated and utilized in formulating an antioxidant-rich custard. However, the antioxidant potency of the prepared custard was not appreciable. To redress the phytochemical loss during custard preparation, custard using nanoliposomes was formulated. Patents related to 1,8 cineole-rich food products have been revised thoroughly. Objective: The objective of the current study is to examine whether nanoencapsulation-mediated entrapment of antioxidants is more effective in fortifying a dessert, namely custard, vis-à-vis microencapsulated (spray dried)-mediated enhancement of antioxidative potency in the same. Methods: Our previous investigations have established that nanoliposome of 1,8 cineole-rich supercritical CO2 extract of small cardamom seeds effectively redresses type 2 diabetes and hypercholesterolemia. In the current investigation, this pre-characterized nanoliposome which exhibited appreciable in vitro and in vivo antioxidant efficacy has been utilized at varying concentrations for fortification of a custard. The designer custard samples have been characterized for their sensory and physicochemical properties, identification of the cardamom antioxidants therein and determination of the synergistic efficacy value of the identified antioxidants. Results: The custard formulated with 0.3% nanoliposomes exhibited appreciable antioxidant potency in terms of DPPH radical scavenging activity (304.58±1.09 mg/ml) and reducing power (0.020±0.001 mg BHT/g custard), conferred by its total phenolic content (0.049±0.004 mg GAE/g custard). It also had relatively more stable textural attributes vis-à-vis the control sample (formulated with the non-encapsulated native extract). GC-MS analysis of the nanoliposome-fortified custard confirmed retention of the spice antioxidants namely1,8- cineole, α-terpinyl acetate, α-terpineol and linalool and its synergistic efficacy value being greater than unity, attested to a synergistic presence of cardamom antioxidants therein. The newly formulated custard retained more than 4.5 times of 1,8-cineole (5.05 mg/g custard) vis-à-vis the custard sample (1.12 mg/g custard) prepared with a microencapsulated (spray-dried) formulation of the extract. Additionally, absence of heavy metals in the formulated custard confirmed it to be safe for consumption. Conclusion: This is the first study on application of nanoliposomes of spiceuticals in formulation of a dessert, and more emphatically on use of a ‘green’ supercritical CO2 extract of spice antioxidants in fortification of a dessert to achieve antioxidant synergy.

Tylophora hirsuta (Wall.) extracts ameliorates diabetes associated with inflammation in alloxan induced diabetic rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faisal Razzaque ◽  
Ali Sharif ◽  
Bushra Akhtar ◽  
Humaira Majeed Khan ◽  
Muhammad Furqan Akhtar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Total Phenolic Contents ◽  
Polyphenolic Composition ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background: Tylophora hirsuta Wall. has long been used as traditional medicine for the treatment of diabetes. Current study is designed to evaluate the antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory activity of different extracts of aerial parts of Tylophora hirsuta. Methods: Sequential maceration was conducted to obtain extracts. Total phenolic contents were determined by FolinCiocalteau method. The antioxidant activity was assessed by DPPH free radical scavenging assay. The extracts were tested for its inhibitory activity against α-amylase in-vitro. In-vivo anti diabetic assay was conducted using alloxan induced diabetic model and OGTT was conducted on normal rats. ELISA was used to determine the proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6). Polyphenolic composition of the extract was analyzed using a HPLC system. Results: Aqueous extract exhibited highest total phenolic contents (985.24± 3.82 mg GAE/100 g DW), antioxidant activity (IC50 = 786.70 ± 5.23 Conclusion: These results showed that Tylophora hirsuta possess strong antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory potentials and justify its folklore use for the management of diabetes.

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