scholarly journals A Case of Ovarian Dysplasia and a Vaginal Fibroleiomyoma in a Young Golden Retriever

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha McCarter ◽  
D. Phillip Sponenberg ◽  
Geoffrey Saunders ◽  
Julie Cecere
Keyword(s):  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Golden Retriever ◽  
Intact Female ◽  
Vaginal Mass ◽  
Estrogen Production ◽  
Abdominal Palpation ◽  
Persistent Estrus ◽  
Ovarian Dysplasia

This case demonstrates a unique ovarian congenital anomaly that likely contributed to the development of a rare fibroleiomyoma in the cranial vagina of a young bitch. A 13 month old intact female Golden Retriever presented to the veterinary teaching hospital for urinary incontinence, hematuria, and persistent vaginal discharge. Physical examination revealed a mucopurulent serosanguinous malodorous vulvar discharge, and after further diagnostics was reclassified as persistent estrus. Abdominal palpation and ultrasound revealed uterine thickening and poorly visualized ovaries. The reproductive tract was removed during an ovariohysterectomy, revealing small ovaries and a white anterior vaginal mass. Histopathology revealed dysplastic ovaries with hyperplastic granulosa cells and a benign vaginal fibroleiomyoma. These morphologic changes are consistent with elevated estrogen levels. It was thus concluded that her persistent estrus and the fibroleiomyoma were both secondary to persistent estrogen production by the hyperplastic granulosa cells.

GAMBARAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN PERSONAL HYGIENE TENTANG MENSTRUASI PADA SISWI SMP

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-15
Author(s):  
Zaim Ashari
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hygiene Behavior

During menstruation blood vessels in the uterus are very easily infected because germs easily enter and cause diseases of the reproductive tract. Some of the most common disorders are vaginal discharge and pruritus vulvae (vaginal itching). However, this complaint can be prevented by maintaining the cleanliness of the female organs early on, namely with good menstrual personal hygiene. This study aims to describe the level of personal hygiene knowledge about menstruation. This research is a descriptive study with a cross-sectional approach, with a total sample of 90 people taken by total sampling technique. The results showed that the majority of respondents had enough personal hygiene behavior as many as 82 people (91.1%), while good menstrual personal hygiene behavior was 3 people (3.3%), and respondents who had behaviors classified as less than 5 people ( 5.6%). Based on complaints on reproductive organs, respondents who experienced vaginal discharge were 85 people (94.4%) and itching around the genitals was around 83 people (92.2%).

scholarly journals Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Inhibits Luteinizing Hormone-Stimulated P450c17 Gene Expression and Androgen Production by Isolated Thecal Cells of Human Ovarian Follicles1

1998 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 448-452
Author(s):  
H. F. Erden ◽  
I. H. Zwain ◽  
H. Asakura ◽  
S. S. C. Yen
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Corticotropin Releasing Factor ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Messenger Ribonucleic Acid ◽  
Estrogen Production ◽  
Thecal Cells ◽  
Crf System

Recently, we reported that the thecal compartment of the human ovary contains a CRF system replete with gene expression and protein for corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), CRF-Receptor 1 (CRF-R1), and the blood-derived high affinity CRF-binding protein (CRF-BP). Granulosa cells are devoid of the CRF system. The parallel increases in intensity of CRF, CRF-R1, and 17α-hydroxylase messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and proteins in thecal cells with follicular maturation suggest that the intraovarian CRF system may play an autocrine role regulating androgen biosynthesis, with a downstream effect on estrogen production by granulosa cells. The functionality of the ovarian CRF system may be conditioned by the relative presence of plasma-derived CRF-BP by virtue of its localization of protein, but not transcript in thecal cells and its ability to compete with CRF for the CRF receptor. To further these findings, in the present study we have examined the effect of CRF on LH-stimulated 17α-hydroxylase (P450c17) gene expression and androgen production by isolated thecal cells from human ovarian follicles (11–13 mm). During the 48-h culture, addition of LH (10 ng/mL) to the medium increased by 5- and 6-fold dehydroepiandrosterone and androstenedione production by thecal cells. Remarkably, the LH-stimulated, but not basal, androgen production was inhibited by CRF in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The half-maximal (ID50) effect dose of CRF occurred at 5 × 10−8 mol/L, and at a maximal concentration of 10−6 mol/L, CRF completely inhibited LH-stimulated androgen production. This inhibitory effect of CRF became evident at 12 h (45%), and by 24 h the effect was more pronounced, with a 70% reduction from baseline. As determined by Northern analyses, CRF dose dependently decreased LH-stimulated P450c17 mRNA levels, with a maximal inhibition of 85% P450c17 gene expression at a CRF concentration of 10−6 mol/L. With the addition of 10−6 mol/L of the antagonist α-helical CRF-(9–41), the inhibitory effect of CRF was partially reversed for both P450c17 mRNA (75%) and androgen production (50%), indicating the CRF-R1-mediated event. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated a potent inhibitory effect of CRF on LH-stimulated dehydroepiandrosterone and androstenedione production that appears to be mediated through the reduction of P450c17 gene expression. Thus, the ovarian CRF system may function as autocrine regulators for androgen biosynthesis in the thecal cell compartment to maintain optimal substrate for estrogen biosynthesis by granulosa cells. Further studies to define the role of CRF-BP in the endocrine modulation of the intraovarian CRF system are needed.

scholarly journals Endothelin (ET)-1 and ET-3 inhibit estrogen and cAMP production by rat granulosa cells in vitro

1998 ◽  
Vol 157 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
AE Calogero ◽  
N Burrello ◽  
AM Ossino
Keyword(s):  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Ovarian Function ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Camp Production ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Ovarian Steroidogenesis ◽  
Estrogen Production ◽  
Etb Receptor

Endothelin (ET)-1 and ET-3, two peptides with a potent vasoconstrictive property, produce a variety of biological effects in different tissues by acting through two different receptors, the ET-1 selective ET(A) receptor and the non-selective ETB receptor. An increasing body of literature suggests that ET-1 acts as a paracrine/autocrine regulator of ovarian function. Indeed, ETB receptors have been identified in rat granulosa cells and ET-1 is a potent inhibitor of progesterone production. In contrast, inconsistent data have been reported about the role of ET-1 on estrogen production and the effects of ET-3 are not known. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of ET-1 and ET-3 on estrogen and cAMP production, and the receptor type involved. Given that prostanoids modulate ovarian steroidogenesis and that many actions of ETs are mediated by these compounds, we also evaluated whether the effects of ETs on estrogen and cAMP production might be prostanoid-mediated. ET-1, ET-3, and safarotoxin-S6c (SFX-S6c), a selective ETB receptor agonist, inhibited basal estrogen production by granulosa cells obtained from immature, estrogen-primed female rats, in a concentration-dependent manner. All three peptides were also capable of inhibiting the production of estrogen stimulated by a half-maximal (1 mIU/ml) and a maximally stimulatory (3 mIU/ml) concentration of FSH, ET-1 and ET-3 dose-dependently suppressed basal and FSH (1 mIU/ml)-stimulated cAMP production. ET-3 and SFX-S6c were significantly more potent than ET-1 in suppressing estrogen production, suggesting that this effect was not mediated by the ET(A) receptor. Indeed, BQ-123, a selective ET(A) receptor antagonist, did not influence the inhibitory effects of ET-1 and ET-3 on basal and FSH-stimulated estrogen release. To determine a possible involvement of prostanoids, we evaluated the effects of maximally effective concentrations of ET-1 and ET-3 on estrogen and cAMP production in the presence of indomethacin, a prostanoid synthesis inhibitor. This compound did not have any effect on the suppressive effects of ETs on basal or FSH (1 mIU/ml)-stimulated estrogen or cAMP production. In conclusion, ET-1 and ET-3 were able to inhibit estrogen and cAMP production by rat granulosa cells, indicating that the inhibitory effects of ETs on ovarian steroidogenesis are not limited to progesterone biosynthesis. This effect does not appear to be mediated by prostanoids or by the classical ET(A) and ETB receptors, at least under these experimental conditions.

scholarly journals A Case of Urethral Diverticulum with Surgical Repair Using Cadaveric Pericardial Tissue

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loren Custer ◽  
Morris Jessop ◽  
Stanley Zaslau ◽  
Robert Shapiro
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Surgical Repair ◽  
Urethral Diverticulum ◽  
Surgical Correction ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Needle Localization ◽  
Vaginal Mass ◽  
Tract Infections

A urethral diverticulum is a relatively uncommon finding. The estimated prevalence is approximately 1-5% in the general population. While the definitive treatment is surgical correction, there are limited studies guiding the best approach to repair. This is the case of a 48-year-old female who initially presented with vaginal discharge, dysuria, and dyspareunia. MRI revealed the diagnosis of suspected urethral diverticulum. The patient was treated with surgical correction with the aid of needle localization prior to the procedure. After the diverticulum was excised, the resulting defect in the urethra was successfully closed with cadaveric pericardial tissue. A urethral diverticulum should be considered in the differential diagnosis when a patient presents with symptoms such as recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) vaginal mass, dysuria, dyspareunia, or vaginal discharge. The use of cadaveric tissue augments the surgical technique for repair.

A Phase II Randomized Controlled Trial to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Praneem Polyherbal Vaginal Tablets Compared With Betadine Vaginal Pessary in Women With Symptoms of Abnormal Vaginal Discharge

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-468
Author(s):  
Sudha Salhan ◽  
Vrijesh Tripathi ◽  
Raman Sehgal ◽  
Gaurav Kumar ◽  
Gursaran P. Talwar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Lower Abdominal Pain ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Vaginal Pessary ◽  
Abnormal Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Tract Infections

Abnormal vaginal discharge (AVD) caused by a variety of reproductive tract infections is a widespread syndrome among women in India and in other developing countries. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a polyherbal formulation, Praneem, can be used for the regression of the syndrome. A phase ΙΙ randomized controlled study was carried out with Praneem polyherbal tablets and Betadine vaginal pessary in 99 women with AVD. The authors found that 92% of women using Praneem were relieved of their symptoms of AVD as against 81.6% women using Betadine. Significant reduction was also seen with both treatments in lower abdominal pain, vaginal itching, and dysuria. Thus, the study indicates the efficacy of Praneem for the treatment of AVD and provides a rationale for planning a further Phase III study on a larger sample size for definitive conclusions.

Successful Surgical Treatment of a Suspected Iatrogenic Arytenoid Cartilage Fracture in a Dog

2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 181-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Doran ◽  
Robert N. White
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Arytenoid Cartilage ◽  
Golden Retriever ◽  
Intact Female ◽  
Laryngeal Examination

A 3-year-old, intact female golden retriever was presented with a sudden onset of inspiratory obstructive dyspnea following general anesthesia to perform a mastectomy. The cuneiform process of the left arytenoid cartilage was found to be extremely mobile on laryngeal examination. Fracture of the cuneiform process of the left arytenoid cartilage was diagnosed. A combined cricoarytenoid and thyroarytenoid caudolateralization procedure was performed on the left side, and no further dyspnea was observed during a follow-up period of 7 months. Fracture of the cuneiform process of the arytenoid cartilage has not been previously reported in dogs. The condition may respond favorably to cricoarytenoid and thyroarytenoid caudolateralization surgery.

Non-puerperal uterine inversion in association with uterine sarcoma: clinical management

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Moodley ◽  
J. Moodley
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Clinical Management ◽  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Uterine Sarcoma ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Vaginal Route ◽  
Uterine Sarcomas ◽  
Vaginal Mass ◽  
Uterine Inversion ◽  
Abdominal Route

Non-puerperal uterine inversion due to uterine sarcoma is a rare entity often diagnosed at the time of surgery. Patients may present with pelvic pain, vaginal discharge, or hemodynamic shock. Clinically, the diagnosis may be suspected if there is a large vaginal mass and difficulty in palpating the cervix. Four surgical procedures have been described to manage non-puerperal uterine inversion, two by the abdominal route and two by the vaginal route. The Haultain procedure performed abdominally is preferred for uterine sarcomas as it facilitates reversion of the uterus vaginally or excision of the pedicle and removal of the prolapsed tumor vaginally. We describe a patient with this condition managed by the Haultain procedure.

Somatomedin C augments FSH-induced differentiation of cultured rat granulosa cells

1985 ◽  
Vol 249 (1) ◽  
pp. E26-E33 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Davoren ◽  
J. W. Hsueh ◽  
C. H. Li
Keyword(s):  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Cellular Protein ◽  
Aromatase Activity ◽  
Concomitant Treatment ◽  
Somatomedin C ◽  
Estrogen Production ◽  
Igf I

Growth hormone (GH) deficiency in rats is associated with decreased ovarian steroidal responsiveness to gonadotropins, possibly through a reduction in the production of the GH-dependent Somatomedin C/insulinlike growth factor I (SM C/IGF I). We have investigated the direct effects of synthetic SM C/IGF I on gonadotropin-stimulated ovarian steroidogenesis in vitro. Granulosa cells were cultured in a serum-free medium for 48 h in the presence of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), with or without SM C/IGF I. FSH dose-dependently increased both estrogen and progestin production. Concomitant treatment with SM C/IGF I led to a dose-dependent augmentation of progestin secretion over the full range of FSH doses tested, by a maximum of 2.3- to 2.6-fold. FSH-stimulated estrogen was enhanced by up to 2.4-fold but only at low doses of FSH. SM C/IGF I-enhanced progestin production was associated with increased pregnenolone production and 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity, whereas augmented estrogen production appeared to be due to enhanced aromatase activity. The actions of SM C/IGF I, at physiologically relevant concentrations were correlated with increased extracellular cAMP accumulation and cellular protein content but were independent of any change in cell number or viability. In contrast to SM C/IGF I, the closely related peptide multiplication-stimulating activity decreased estrogen production while increasing progestin metabolite accumulation. The present results indicate that the GH-dependent peptide SM C/IGF I may play a role in ovarian development by enhancing gonadotropin-stimulated granulosa cell steroidogenesis.

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