Molecular Characterization of a Novel Budgerigar Fledgling Disease Virus Strain From Budgerigars in China

Budgerigar fledgling disease virus (BFDV) is the causative polyomavirus of budgerigar fledgling disease, an important avian immunosuppressive disease in budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus). In the current study, we explored the etiological role and molecular characteristics of BFDV. We identified a novel BFDV strain, designated as SC-YB19, belonging to a unique cluster with three other domestic strains (WF-GM01, SD18, and APV-P) and closely related to Polish isolates based on complete sequences. Sequence analysis showed that SC-YB19 had an 18-nucleotide (nt) deletion in the enhancer region, corresponding to the sequence position 164–181 nt, which differed significantly from all other BFDV strains. Based on sequence alignment, three unique nucleotide substitutions were found in VP4 (position 821), VP1 (position 2,383), and T-antigen (position 3,517) of SC-YB19, compared with SD18, WF-GM01, QDJM01, HBYM02, APV7, and BFDV1. Phylogenetic analyses based on complete sequences suggested that SC-YB19, along with the domestic WF-GM01, SD18, and APV-P strains, formed a single branch and were closely related to Polish, Japanese, and American isolates. These results demonstrate that BFDV genotype variations are co-circulating in China, thus providing important insight into BFDV evolution.

Download Full-text

Molecular Characterization of Budgerigar Fledgling Disease Virus SC-YB19, with an 18-Nucleotides Deletion, in China

10.21203/rs.3.rs-67594/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Tian Zhi-ge ◽

Yin Chuan-ming ◽

Cong Feng ◽

xiaoliang hu

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Molecular Characterization ◽

Disease Virus ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Sequence Analyses ◽

Nucleotide Substitutions ◽

Genotype Variation ◽

Sequence Position

Abstract Background: Budgerigar fledgling disease virus (BFDV) poses a serious threat to the Chinese psittacine industry, causing enormous economic losses. This study aims to reveal the etiological role of BFDV and evaluate the molecular characterization.Results: We report on BFDV, designated SC-YB19, which had an 18-nucleotide (nt) deletion in the enhancer region, corresponding to the sequence position 164–181 nt, when compared with other BFDV strains. Sequence analyses suggested that 19 nucleotide substitutions were identified with the domestic strains, APV7 and AF118150. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that SC-YB19, along with three domestic strains, formed a unique cluster, and were closely related to Polish isolates. Conclusion: Taken together, these results demonstrate that a BFDV genotype variation was co-circulating in China, and provide important insights on evolution of BFDV.

Download Full-text

Characterization of Marek’s disease virus and phylogenetic analyses of meq gene from an outbreak in poultry in Meghalaya of Northeast India

VirusDisease ◽

10.1007/s13337-018-0448-2 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 167-172 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kekungu-u Puro ◽

Uttaran Bhattacharjee ◽

Samprity Baruah ◽

Arnab Sen ◽

Samir Das ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Disease Virus ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Northeast India ◽

Marek's Disease Virus ◽

Marek's Disease ◽

Marek’S Disease Virus ◽

Marek’S Disease ◽

Meq Gene

Download Full-text

Identification and Characterization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing Genotype Strain SBH163, Isolated in Sabah, Malaysia

Microbiology Resource Announcements ◽

10.1128/mra.01322-19 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Jaeyres Jani ◽

Siti Fatimah Abu Bakar ◽

Zainal Arifin Mustapha ◽

Chin Kai Ling ◽

Roddy Teo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽

Whole Genome Sequence ◽

Beijing Genotype ◽

Molecular Characteristics ◽

Whole Genome ◽

Content Type ◽

Identification And Characterization ◽

Insight Into ◽

Malaysian Borneo

This is a report on the whole-genome sequence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain SBH163, which was isolated from a patient in the Malaysian Borneo state of Sabah. This report provides insight into the molecular characteristics of an M. tuberculosis Beijing genotype strain related to strains from Russia and South Africa.

Download Full-text

Differentiation of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma cynodontis’ Based on 16S rRNA and groEL Genes and Identification of a New Subgroup, 16SrXIV-C

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-01-15-0061-re ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 99 (11) ◽

pp. 1578-1583 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

J. Mitrović ◽

M. Smiljković ◽

Erich Seemüller ◽

Richard Reinhardt ◽

Bruno Hüttel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

16S Rrna ◽

Ribosomal Rna ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Groel Gene ◽

Gene Sequence Analysis ◽

Phylogenetic Lineages ◽

Definition Of ◽

Insight Into

‘Candidatus Phytoplasma cynodontis’ is widespread in bermudagrass and has only been found in monocotyledonous plants. Molecular studies carried out on strains collected in Italy, Serbia, and Albania enabled verification of molecular variability in the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene. Based on restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequence analyses, the strains from Serbia were clearly differentiated from all others and assigned to a new ribosomal DNA (rDNA) subgroup designated as 16SrXIV-C. A system for amplification of fragments containing the ‘Ca. P. cynodontis’ groEL gene was developed to enable study of its variability in related strains belonging to different 16SrXIV subgroups. Despite the fact that the groEL gene exhibited a greater sequence variation than 16S rRNA, the phylogenetic tree based on groEL gene sequence analysis was highly congruent with the 16S rDNA-based tree. The groEL gene analyses supported differentiation of the Serbian strains and definition of the new subgroup 16SrXIV-C. Phylogenetic analyses of both genes confirmed distinct phylogenetic lineages for strains belonging to 16SrXIV subgroups. Furthermore, groEL is the only nonribosomal marker developed for characterization of ‘Ca. P. cynodontis’ thus far, and its application in molecular surveys should provide better insight into the relationships among these phytoplasmas and correlation between strain differentiation and their geographical distribution.

Download Full-text

Novel Polyomaviruses in Mammals from Multiple Orders and Reassessment of Polyomavirus Evolution and Taxonomy

Viruses ◽

10.3390/v11100930 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 930 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ehlers ◽

Anoh ◽

Ben Salem ◽

Broll ◽

Couacy-Hymann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Finding ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

T Antigen ◽

Splice Sites ◽

T Antigens ◽

Edible Dormouse ◽

The Family ◽

Multiple Orders ◽

Small T Antigen ◽

Insight Into

As the phylogenetic organization of mammalian polyomaviruses is complex and currently incompletely resolved, we aimed at a deeper insight into their evolution by identifying polyomaviruses in host orders and families that have either rarely or not been studied. Sixteen unknown and two known polyomaviruses were identified in animals that belong to 5 orders, 16 genera, and 16 species. From 11 novel polyomaviruses, full genomes could be determined. Splice sites were predicted for large and small T antigen (LTAg, STAg) coding sequences (CDS) and examined experimentally in transfected cell culture. In addition, splice sites of seven published polyomaviruses were analyzed. Based on these data, LTAg and STAg annotations were corrected for 10/86 and 74/86 published polyomaviruses, respectively. For 25 polyomaviruses, a spliced middle T CDS was observed or predicted. Splice sites that likely indicate expression of additional, alternative T antigens, were experimentally detected for six polyomaviruses. In contrast to all other mammalian polyomaviruses, three closely related cetartiodactyl polyomaviruses display two introns within their LTAg CDS. In addition, the VP2 of Glis glis (edible dormouse) polyomavirus 1 was observed to be encoded by a spliced transcript, a unique experimental finding within the Polyomaviridae family. Co-phylogenetic analyses based on LTAg CDS revealed a measurable signal of codivergence when considering all mammalian polyomaviruses, most likely driven by relatively recent codivergence events. Lineage duplication was the only other process whose influence on polyomavirus evolution was unambiguous. Finally, our analyses suggest that an update of the taxonomy of the family is required, including the creation of novel genera of mammalian and non-mammalian polyomaviruses.

Download Full-text

First complete genome sequence and molecular characterization of Canine morbillivirus isolated in Central Brazil

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-92183-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Vivaldo Gomes da Costa ◽

Marielena Vogel Saivish ◽

Priscila Gomes de Oliveira ◽

Abelardo Silva-Júnior ◽

Marcos Lázaro Moreli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Characterization ◽

Canine Distemper Virus ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Domestic Dogs ◽

Molecular Characteristics ◽

Central Brazil ◽

West Region ◽

Glycosylation Sites ◽

Full Length Genome

AbstractThe Brazilian regions are still highly endemic areas for Canine morbillivirus [canine distemper virus (CDV)]. However, little is known regarding the genetic variability of the strain circulating in several Brazilian regions. Here, we report the first full-length genome and molecular characterization of CDV isolated from domestic dogs in the Brazilian Center-West region. Sequence alignment and phylogenetic analyses based on deduced amino acid and nucleotide sequences showed that the isolated strain is characterized as the South America-I/Europe genotype. However, it segregates into a CDV subgenotype branch. Interestingly, both H and F proteins have a gain of a potential N-glycosylation sites compared to the Onderstepoort vaccine strain. Therefore, this study provides a reference to further understand the epidemic and molecular characteristics of the CDV in Brazil.

Download Full-text

Characterization of Two AGL6–Like Genes from a Chinese Endemic Woody Tree, Manglietia patungensis (Magnoliaceae) Provides Insight into Perianth Development and Evolution in Basal Angiosperms

Forests ◽

10.3390/f10080669 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 669 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zhixiong Liu ◽

Kebin Zhang ◽

Laiyun Li ◽

Yue Fei ◽

Faju Chen

Keyword(s):

Transgenic Plants ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Ectopic Expression ◽

Basal Angiosperms ◽

Phenotypic Changes ◽

Flower Evolution ◽

Early Flower ◽

Insight Into ◽

Development And Evolution

Manglietia patungensis (Magnoliaceae) exhibits radially symmetric flowers with perianth consisting of three separate sepaloid tepals in whorl 1 and six petaloid tepals in the inner two whorls, which shows an obvious difference from flowers of most Magnoliaceae species that contain three uniform petaloid tepals whorls, and make it an excellent model for understanding perianth morphology differentiation during early flower evolution. Here, two AGL6 orthologs, MapaAGL6-1 and MapaAGL6-2, were isolated from M. patungensis. Sequence alignment and phylogenetic analyses grouped both genes into the AGL6 lineage. MapaAGL6-1 is expressed only in the perianth whorls, while MapaAGL6-2 is strongly expressed in the perianth whorls but is lowly expressed in gynoecium. Furthermore, ectopic expression of MapaAGL6-1 results in strong complementation phenotypes in the Arabidopsis ap1-10 flower and production of normal floral organs in four floral whorls only with the petal number reduced in whorl 2, while ectopic expression of MapaAGL6-2 only results in petals partly rescued but failing to terminate carpelloid development in Arabidopsis ap1-10 mutant. In addition, the daughter lines generated from a cross between 35S::MapaAGL6-1 transgenic plants showing strong phenotypes and 35S::MapaAGL6-2 transgenic plants showing phenotypic changes produce normal flowers. Our results suggest that MapaAGL6-1 is a reasonable A-function gene controlling perianth identity in Magnoliaceae, which infers from its expression region and complementation phenotypes in Arabidopsis ap1 mutant, while MapaAGL6-2 is mainly involved in petaloid tepal development. Our data also provide a new clue to uncover the perianth development and early evolution in basal angiosperms.

Download Full-text

Skeletal elements of crinoid echinoderms: High-resolution structural and microanalytical results

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100074768 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 41 ◽

pp. 194-195

Author(s):

D. F. Blake ◽

L. F. Allard ◽

D. R. Peacor

Keyword(s):

High Resolution ◽

Marine Invertebrates ◽

Sea Urchins ◽

Structural Features ◽

Sea Stars ◽

High Resolution Tem ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

Insight Into

Echinodermata is a phylum of marine invertebrates which has been extant since Cambrian time (c.a. 500 m.y. before the present). Modern examples of echinoderms include sea urchins, sea stars, and sea lilies (crinoids). The endoskeletons of echinoderms are composed of plates or ossicles (Fig. 1) which are with few exceptions, porous, single crystals of high-magnesian calcite. Despite their single crystal nature, fracture surfaces do not exhibit the near-perfect {10.4} cleavage characteristic of inorganic calcite. This paradoxical mix of biogenic and inorganic features has prompted much recent work on echinoderm skeletal crystallography. Furthermore, fossil echinoderm hard parts comprise a volumetrically significant portion of some marine limestones sequences. The ultrastructural and microchemical characterization of modern skeletal material should lend insight into: 1). The nature of the biogenic processes involved, for example, the relationship of Mg heterogeneity to morphological and structural features in modern echinoderm material, and 2). The nature of the diagenetic changes undergone by their ancient, fossilized counterparts. In this study, high resolution TEM (HRTEM), high voltage TEM (HVTEM), and STEM microanalysis are used to characterize tha ultrastructural and microchemical composition of skeletal elements of the modern crinoid Neocrinus blakei.

Download Full-text