scholarly journals Reliability Question of New Material Used in Vehicle Engineering

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-76
Author(s):  
Trabelsi Omar ◽  
Tóth László
Keyword(s):  
Vehicle Engineering ◽  
New Material ◽  
Innovative Materials

Abstract In-vehicle engineering, several types of materials can be used to build vehicles of different sizes and for different uses. Traditionally those materials can be iron, aluminium, steel, rubber, glass, copper, leather, and others. These materials have been in constant development over the years, and this development has accelerated during the last ten years as manufacturers strive to compete on the issue of reliability of these new innovative materials. Reliability requires the production of materials with minimal (or well-known) variations in properties or dimensions. Parts made from these materials must be manufactured using processes that have also been proven to be reliable. This aim of this paper is to explain how reliability criteria can only be obtained if there are means of control suited to the most used materials (metals and polymers).

Materials technology: Innovations and progress

Impact ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-53
Author(s):  
Lucy Sharp
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Technology Innovations ◽  
Societal Challenges ◽  
New Material ◽  
Innovative Materials ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Novel Applications

Materials technology is a constantly evolving discipline, with new materials leading to novel applications. For example, new material properties arise from combining different materials into composites. Researching materials can help solve societal challenges, with the creation of innovative materials resulting in breakthroughs in overcoming hurdles facing humankind, including energy challenges and medical problems. Innovative materials breathe new life into industries and spur on scientific and technological discovery.

scholarly journals Towards the Use of Novel Materials in Shipbuilding: Assessing Thermal Performances of Fire-Doors by Self-Consistent Numerical Modelling

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 5736
Author(s):  
Giada Kyaw Oo D’Amore ◽  
Francesco Mauro ◽  
Alberto Marinò ◽  
Marco Caniato ◽  
Jan Kašpar
Keyword(s):  
Fire Test ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Fem Analysis ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
Self Consistent ◽  
New Material ◽  
Innovative Materials ◽  
Rock Wool ◽  
Fire Door

Nowadays, fire-doors optimization is approached by using consolidated design guidelines and traditional materials, such as rock wool. Then, selected solution is directly tested in a mandatory fire-test. Unfortunately, few pieces of information could be retrieved either if the test succeeds or fails, which makes both improvements in the design and use of innovative materials difficult. Thus, in this work, a self-consistent finite element method (FEM) analysis is developed and assessed against experimental fire-test results, highlighting the critical parameters affecting the numerical simulations. Using this tool, a new fiberglass-containing foam, with improved acoustic and mechanical properties, as compared to the rock-wool, is studied as a potential insulating material for on-board fire-doors. The assessment of the performance of the new material demonstrates that, contrary to common believe, the effective thermal insulation capacity is not necessarily the critical factor in determining the fire-resistance of a fire-door. Using the validated FEM analysis, it has been proven that the reduction of the thermal bridges originated at the door edges allows, firstly, for the attainment of a fire-door 37% thinner and 61% lighter with respect to a traditional one, and, secondly, the use of new material as insulator in fire-doors that, even if less thermally capable, could improve other properties of the door, as an example its soundproofing.

scholarly journals From minerals to new materials. Priorities in the production of materials in the 21st century

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
A. M. Askhabov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Smart Materials ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Extreme Conditions ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Great Leap Forward ◽  
New Material ◽  
Innovative Materials ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Task Oriented

The characteristic features of the search, production and engineering of new materials in modern conditions are considered. We discuss the change of paradigm in materials production, associated with the transition from experience-based production of materials to the task-oriented production of materials based on knowledge and new technologies. The current agenda of innovative materials science includes “smart” materials and nature-like technologies. Nanotechnology has become a reality, capable of controlling and operating matter and processes on the nanometer scale. The priorities of the new stage of production (creation) materials are indicated. A great leap forward is expected in the following directions: 1) application of new nanotechnological concepts suggesting direct influence and action on separate atoms; 2) creating “smart” materials, materials — devices, materials — machines; 3) discovering, forecasting and design of new material absent in the nature; 4) producing materials under extreme conditions and for extreme conditions; 5) producing bioorganic materials and materials reproducing living matter; 6) developing so-called nature-like technologies.

Characterization of a monolayer graphitic structure

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 760-761
Author(s):  
X. Lin ◽  
X. K. Wang ◽  
V. P. Dravid ◽  
J. B. Ketterson ◽  
R. P. H. Chang
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Graphitic Structure ◽  
Positive Gaussian Curvature ◽  
Graphitic Sheet ◽  
Structural And Electronic Properties ◽  
New Material ◽  
Hexagonal Network

For small curvatures of a graphitic sheet, carbon atoms can maintain their preferred sp2 bonding while allowing the sheet to have various three-dimensional geometries, which may have exotic structural and electronic properties. In addition the fivefold rings will lead to a positive Gaussian curvature in the hexagonal network, and the sevenfold rings cause a negative one. By combining these sevenfold and fivefold rings with sixfold rings, it is possible to construct complicated carbon sp2 networks. Because it is much easier to introduce pentagons and heptagons into the single-layer hexagonal network than into the multilayer network, the complicated morphologies would be more common in the single-layer graphite structures. In this contribution, we report the observation and characterization of a new material of monolayer graphitic structure by electron diffraction, HREM, EELS.The synthesis process used in this study is reported early. We utilized a composite anode of graphite and copper for arc evaporation in helium.

Cross-sectional TEM specimen preparation from magneto-optical disk by ultramicrotomy

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 236-237
Author(s):  
F. Shaapur ◽  
M.J. Kim ◽  
Seh Kwang Lee ◽  
Soon Gwang Kim
Keyword(s):  
System Development ◽  
Thin Foil ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
Material System ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Protective Layers ◽  
New Material ◽  
Diamond Saw ◽  
Original Production ◽  
Thick Medium

TEM characterization and microanalysis of the recording media is crucial and complementary to new material system development as well as quality control applications. Due to the type of material generally used for supporting the medium, i.e., a polymer, conventional macro- and microthinning procedures for thin foil preparation are not applicable. Ultramicrotorny (UM) is a viable option and has been employed in previous similar studies. In this work UM has been used for preparation of XTEM samples from a magneto-optical (MO) recording medium in its original production format.The as-received material system consisted of a 4-layer, 2100 Å thick medium including a 300 Å TbFeCo layer enveloped by silicon nitride protective layers supported on a 1.2 mm thick × 135 mm (5.25 in.) diameter polycarbonate disk. Recording tracks had an approximate pitch of 1.6 μm separated by 800 Å deep peripheral grooves. Using a Buehler Isomet low-speed diamond saw, 1 mm wide and 20 mm long strips were cut out of the disk along the recording tracks.

The Case of Thematic Tests Adapted to Older Adults

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benoît Verdon
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Mental Processes ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Projective Tests ◽  
New Material ◽  
Older Men And Women ◽  
Latent Content

Since the 1950s, the growing interest of clinicians in using projective tests to study normal or pathological aging processes has led to the creation of several thematic tests for older adults. This development reflects their authors’ belief that the TAT is not suitable to the concerns and anxieties of elderly persons. The new material thus refers explicitly to situations related to age; it aims to enable older persons to express needs they cannot verbalize during consultations. The psychodynamic approach to thematic testing is based on the differentiation between the pictures’ manifest and latent content, eliciting responses linked to mental processes and issues the respondent is unaware of. The cards do not necessarily have to show aging characters to elicit identification: The situations shown in the pictures are linked to loss, rivalry, helplessness, and renunciation, all issues elderly respondents can identify with and that lead them to express their mental fragilities and resources. The article first explains the principles underlying four of these thematic tests, then develops several examples of stories told for card 3BM of the TAT, thus showing the effectiveness of this tool for the understanding and differentiation of loss-related issues facing older men and women.

Increase of resistance of piercing mill mandrels at seamless pipes production of 13Cr grade martensite class stainless steel at line ТПА 159‒426 of JSC VTZ

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
pp. 1259-1264
Author(s):  
I. I. Lube ◽  
N. V. Trutnev ◽  
S. V. Tumashev ◽  
A. V. Krasikov ◽  
A. G. Ul’yanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Cobalt Content ◽  
Pipe Plant ◽  
Piercing Mill ◽  
Steel Strength ◽  
New Material ◽  
Chemical Composition Of Steel ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
Grade Steel

At production of pipes of type 13Cr grade steel used at development of oil and gas deposits in areas with aggressive environment, intensive wear of instrument takes place, first of all, piercing mill mandrels. Factors, influencing the resistivity of the piercing mandrels considered, including chemical composition of the material, the mandrel is made of and its design. Based on industrial experience it was shown, that chrome content in the mandrel material practically does not affect on the increase of its resistivity, since the formed thin protective oxides having high melting temperature, are quickly failed and practically are not restored in the process of piercing. To increase the resistivity of piercing mandrels at production of casing tubes of type 13Cr grade steel, a work was accomplished to select a new material for their manufacturing. The chemical composition of steel presented, which was traditionally used for piercing mandrels manufacturing, as well as a steel grade proposed to increase their resistivity. First, molybdenum content was increased, which increases the characteristics of steel strength and ductility at high temperatures and results in grain refining. Second, tungsten content was also increased, which forms carbides in the steel resulting in an increase of its hardness and “red resistivity”, as well as in preventing grains growth during heating. Third, cobalt content was also increased, which increases heat resistivity and shock loads resistivity. The three elements increase enabled to increase the mandrels resistivity by two times. Results of mandrel test of steel 20ХН2МВ3КБ presented, the mandrel having corrugation on the working cone surface, which enabled to reach the resistivity growth to 12 passes without significant change of instrument cost. Microstructure of mandrels made of steels 20Х2Н4МФА and 20ХН2МВ3КБ shown. Application of the centering pin of special design was tested, which provided forming of a rounding edge on the front billet ends, eliminated undercut of mandrel external surface in the process of secondary billet grip and increase the service life of the piercing mill mandrels. At production of seamless pipes of martensite class type 13Cr stainless steels having L80 group of strength, an increase of piercing mandrel resistivity was reached by more than four times, which together with other technical solutions enabled to increase the hourly productivity of the hot rolling section of Volzhsky pipe plant ТПА 159-426 line by more than two times.

COGNITIVIZATION — THE NEXT STAGE OF INFORMATIZATION OF EDUCATION

2018 ◽  
pp. 5-11
Author(s):  
A. S. Christochevskaya ◽  
S. A. Christochevsky
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Learning Resources ◽  
Technical Base ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Good Material ◽  
E Learning ◽  
New Material ◽  
High Level ◽  
Paper Method

Informatization of education has been going on for 30 years. During this time, a good material and technical base appeared in schools, there are repositories of e-learning resources to which teachers have access. However, it is difficult to use these e-learning resources due to their too large number and not always high level. It is advisable to introduce a system of reviews and recommendations, to conduct a comparative analysis, as well as to make reviews of resources on a particular subject/topic. In addition, the demand for e-learning resources is affected by the fact that education authorities encourage not so much the use of e-learning resources as their development by the teacher himself. In general, the load on teachers has increased instead of the promised saving of time and effort when using the e-learning resources. At the same time, many e-learning resources are not very effective, since they do not meet the requirements of cognitiveness (they contribute not to learning, but to simple memorization of the material). It is necessary to explore the process of learning new material: this will allow you to create cognitive e-learning resources and other resources that would help you with equal probability to successfully acquire new knowledge for students belonging to different psycho-types. At the initial stage of the study of any subject, it is more expedient to use the usual “paper” method, that is, a textbook and not overload the student’s brain with excessive information. Only when he has mastered the basic provisions, we can turn to e-learning resources, bearing in mind that they must be cognitive, that is, they are aimed at logical perception and rapid intuitive learning, only in this case e-learning resources can be considered effective. The conclusion is formulated that cognitiveness is the next stage of informatization of education after the stage of electronization.

The Medieval Population of Mountainous Ingushetia According to Odontological Data

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 178-196
Author(s):  
Natalya A. Lejbova ◽  
Umalat B. Gadiev
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Dental Anthropology ◽  
Deep Roots ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
New Material ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Village ◽  
Medieval Population

Although population of the Caucasus has been studied in a rather detailed way, there are peoples whose anthropological portrait is still incomplete. Among them are the Ingush, one of the oldest autochthonous peoples of the Caucasus. This work presents new material on the dental anthropology of medieval Ingush, collected in 2017 during expeditions to the Jairakh and Sunzhen districts of the Republic of Ingushetia. In the Jairakh district, the investigations were carried out in the crypt complexes of the 15th–18th centuries – Targim, Agikal, Tsori, Salgi, and in Sunzhen region - in crypts near the village of Muzgan. The craniological series of medieval Ingush studied according to the dental anthropology program can be described as belonging to the western range of odontological complexes. Unlike most modern Caucasian groups, it does not belong to gracile forms, but rather to a maturized odontological variant, which has deep roots in the Caucasus. The results once again demonstrate a certain conservatism and stability of the dental system, which preserves morphological traits of ancestral groups longer than other anthropological systems.

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